HOOD DESIGN-
Introduction:-
Hood is the main component of a car at the front portion. It is used to decorate the car & add a luxurious look.
Hood design consideration:-
The hood of a car is considered the frontal BIW enclosure component. Bonnets are designed to reduce air resistance as the air flows around the car. Apart from this, bonnets are also designed to meet several other requirements. They serve a great deal of purpose in protecting the passengers inside the car & the pedestrians in the event of an accident. It also acts as the cover for the engine.
The European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP) is a European car safety performance assessment program that has developed test specifications & rating systems for assessing pedestrian injuries during impacts with the front of vehicles such tests include a series of tests using impacts designed to bio-mimic a collision at speed of 40 km/h.
They describe a situation in which a pedestrian is situated laterally & a car first hits one of his legs. Tests are conducted on the leg, upper leg & most importantly the head, as head trauma is most commonly responsible for casualties.
So to avoid severe injuries to the head, the high impact area for adults & children is subjected to less thickness. Also, no reinforcement should be provided in that area as during head collision, the hood will absorb the head impact energy leading to the collapse of the hood & thus protecting the severe head injury.
Another important criterion for the hood design is the protection of the occupants inside the car during a front collision. The design of the hood should be in such a way that during the collision, the force should travel in the upward direction through the embosses & directed towards the body of the car. Thus protecting the occupants inside.
The following parts are used in hood assembly for this report,
- Hoodouter panel
- Hoodinner panel
- Hingeassembly
- Strikerassembly
Hood thickness-
Outer panel thickness= 0.75 mm Inner panel thickness= 0.75 mm Reinforcement thickness= 1.5 mm Inner Panel-
In the inner panel only we can research & implement the safety of pedestrians & as well as the driver. In this panel only we can attach the reinforcement, embossed, mastic points, etc.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a hood inner panel capable of reduction of the reaction force of the hood inner
panel even if the level of deformation of a hood of a vehicle increases, & ensuring a sufficient energy absorption capacity.
Outer Panel-
We can also call it the cover of the inner panel. It is the part, which gives luxurious look to the hood or bonnet. Outer & inner panel can not join by any welding process like spot welding or rivet, which spoil the outer look of a car. The outer panel has generally been extracted from the model from the prototype design.
Hinge Assembly-
A hinge is a component that fixes the hood to the fenders of the car. The latch must be fixed perpendicular to the hinge axis so that the hood opens or closes properly.
Striker Assembly-
Latch & striker is used for locking the hood with the car. It is usually placed in the space provided on the inner panel.
The process involved in designing a hood as a sheet metal operation is Blanking
Hemming
Punch cutting or piercing Deep drawing Embossing
Hemming-
Hemming is a sheet metal forming process in which sheets are joined by bending usually to 180 degrees. Automotive body panels & parts such as deck lids, trunk lids, doors, hoods & tailgates are formed by hemming processes.
Roll hemming is carried out incrementally with a hemming roller. An industrial robot guides the hemming roller & forms the flange. Roll hemming operation can also be divided into several pre-hemming & final hemming process steps.
Conventional die hemming is suitable for mass production. In die hemming, the flange is folded over the entire length with a hemming tool. Normally the actual hemming is a result of a farming operation in which the flange is formed with a hemming tool after the drawing & trimming operations have been completed.
While doing the hemming process a relief angle is formed as a product of hemming when attaining the corner of the sheet.
Deep Drawing-
Deep drawing is a manufacturing process that is used extensively in the forming of sheet metal into a cup or box-like structures. Pots & pans for cooking, containers, sinks, and automobile parts, such as panels & gas tanks, are among a few of the items manufactured by sheet metal deep drawing.
A deep drawing of sheet metal is performed with a punch and die. The punch is the desired shape of the base of the part, once drawn. The die cavity matches the punch and is a little wider to allow for its passage, as well as clearance. For many calculations, the sheet metal thickness is assumed to remain constant. There are changes in thickness in certain areas, due to the force involved.
Embossing-
The sheet metal embossing operation is commonly accomplished with a combination of heat & pressure on the sheet metal, depending on what type of embossing is required.
Sheet metal is drawn through the male & female roller dies, producing a pattern or design on the sheet metal. Depending on
the roller dies used, different patterns can be produced on the sheet metal.
Latch trajectory-
While opening or closing the hood, the latch must be perfectly aligned to the fixing or striker point. For that, the latch's trajectory must be perpendicular to the hinge axis.
Hood Assembly- Output
TREE STRUCTURE
Conclusion-
We have designed a hood that falls under the rules & regulations of the manufacturer's standards.