Fender Design - Wheel Arch Challenge
FENDER DESIGN- WHEEL ARCH
OBJECTIVE OF THE WHEEL ARCH
The main objective of the project is to calculate the wheel arch area and also conclude I the car will pass the European standards or not. because countries follow different regulations.
what is fender?
Fender is the American English term for the part of an automobile motorcycle or other vehicle body that frames a wheel well (the fender underside). its primary purpose is to prevent sand, mud, rocks, liquids, and other roads spray from being thrown into the air by the rotating tire. Fenders are typically rigid and can be damaged by contact with the road surface.
in British English, the fender is called the wing (This may refer to either the front to rear fenders. however, in modern unibody vehicles, rear fenders may also be called Quarter panels.)
In modern Indian and Sri Lankan English usage, the wing is called a Mudguard.
Types of the Fender
There are two types of fender.
- Full Bumper
- Half Bumper
Full Bumper of the Fender
- The full Bumper mostly covers the wheel part by almost 18% as shown in the figure. in a full bumper, type fender having a weight to impact the car weight. in full bumper scrap material rate is too high.
Half Bumper of the fender
- Half bumper helps to reduce the weight of the fender at the same time it proves the safety of pedestrian moving motion as shown in the figure.
Fender Wheel Arch Regulations
Japan Regulations
- The clearance "L" for tire, hub, cap, and fender is to be measured within area K and create a clearance check Chart to validate.
- The value of L should be greater than 5mm at all positions.
- Wheel guard requirement: The value of "a" should be more than 5mm t line 30° forward and 50° rearwards from the central vertical axis of the wheel.
European Regulations
- The Clearance "L" Should be measured at sections SA-SA, SB-SB, SC-SC, SD-SD, and SE-SE and create a clearance check chart to validate.
- In all the five sections the value of L should be greater than 10mm to satisfy the European Regulations.
- Wheel guard requirement: The value of "a"should be more than 5mm at line 30° forward and 50° rearwards from the central vertical axis of the wheel.
US Regulation
- Clearance "L" is to be checked at all positions from -100° to 100° and create a clearance check chart to validate.
- The value of L should be greater than 5mm to satisfy the regulations.
- Wheel guard requirement: The value of "a" should be more than 5mm at line 30° forward and 50° rearwards from the central vertical axis of the wheel.
Sketch
Obtaining the clearance L at the designated 5 points
The clearance distance "L" is calculated at points SA-SA, SB-SB, SC-SC, SD-SD, and SE-SE, which should be greater than or equal to 10mm
1) Clearance "L" at SA-SA
L=9.9490mm
2) Clearance"L" at SB-SB
L=10mm
3) Clearance"L" at SC-SC
L=0.1139mm
4) Clearance "L" at SD-SD
L= 2.88mm
5) Clearance "L" at SE-SE
L=5.99mm
Measuring the clearance value "a" for wheel Guard Requirement
1) Clearance "a" at 30° line SB
a=49.64mm
2) Clearance "a" at 50° line SC
a=43.35mm
Conclusion
| Section | L(>10mm) | Result | a(>5mm) | Result |
| SA-SA | 9.94mm | Fail | ||
| SB-SB | 10.00mm | Pass | 49.64mm | Pass |
| SC-SC | 0.113mm | Fail | 43.35mm | Pass |
| SD-SD | 2.88mm | Fail | ||
| SE-SE | 5.99mm | Fail |
From the above result, we can conclude that the fender does not pass the European regulation, as the minimum clearance L between the Fender Wheel Arch And Wheel for Vehicle and pedestrian safety is 10mm and this design does not meet the requirement.