Week-4 Challenge WOT Condition Part-2

Answer 1.Powertrain Blockset provides a set of fully assembled reference applications, including gasoline (spark-ignition, SI), diesel (compression-ignition, CI), hybrid, and electric vehicle systems, as a starting point for your powertrain system model. To model a powertrain system for your project, you can select a reference application based on the powertrain type. Each reference application includes plant models, controllers, a longitudinal driver, and drive cycle data.

Mapped

A. CI Mapped Engine :The Mapped CI Engine block implements a mapped compression-ignition (CI) engine model using power, air mass flow, fuel flow, exhaust temperature, efficiency, and emission performance lookup tables.

Implementation: Model uses a set of steady-state lookup tables to characterize engine performance.

Whn to Use : If you have engine data from a dynamometer or a design tool like GT-POWER.

B. SI Mapped Engine :The Mapped SI Engine block implements a mapped spark-ignition (SI) engine model using power, air mass flow, fuel flow, exhaust temperature, efficiency, and emission performance lookup tables. The tables provide overall engine characteristics, including actual torque, fuel flow rate, BSFC, and engine-out exhaust emissions.

When to Use: For quasi steady-state engine simulations.

Dynamic

A. CI Mapped Engine & SI Mapped Engine :

Model decomposes the engine behavior into engine characteristics that are separated into lower-level components. By combining components in this way, the models capture the dynamic effects.

CI Mapped Engine :If you need a more detailed dynamic model and have component-level data.

SI Mapped Engine :To analyze the impact of individual engine components on the overall performance.

No.	Differentiating Property	Motor	Generator
1	Definition	An electric motor is a machine that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.	An electric generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.`
2	Rule	Electric motor follows Fleming’s left-hand rule.	Electric generator follows Fleming’s right-hand rule.
3	Principle	The working principle of a motor is based on the current-carrying conductor that experiences a force when it is kept in the magnetic field.	The working principle of the generator is based on electromagnetic induction.
4	Driving force for shaft	The shaft of an electric motor is driven by a magnetic force which is developed between the armature and field.	The shaft of an electric generator is connected to the rotor which is driven by a mechanical force.
5	Current Usage	In a motor, current is supplied to the armature winding.	In a generator, current is produced in the armature winding.
6	Example	Ceiling fans, cars, etc. are all examples of motors.	In power stations, generators are used to generate electricity.

CHANGING the model type in EV powertrain blocks:

we can use the variant manager in the modeling tab to find the variant systems we have.

right-click on the model you want and use set as Label mode active choice.

Answer 2:

Simulink block to calculate miles per gallon

MPG, or miles per gallon, is the distance, measured in miles, that a car can travel per gallon of fuel. MPG is also the primary measurement of a car's fuel efficiency: The higher a car's MPG, the more fuel-efficient it is.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, is the government agency responsible for certifying a vehicle's MPG figures, notes How Stuff Works.

A car's MPG can be inconsistent because it is affected by a number of different factors, so it is difficult to get an accurate measurement. For example, factors like traffic and road conditions can affect MPG in any given context. That's why the EPA runs tests over a standard set of courses, then averages the results to calculate a vehicle's official MPG.

The EPA gives each vehicle three different MPG ratings, as All Car Leasing notes:

• Highway MPG: the average a car will get while driving on an open stretch of road without stopping or starting, typically at a higher speed.
• City MPG: the score a car will get on average in city conditions, with stopping and starting at lower speeds.
• And, combined MPG, a combined average of highway and city MPG.

In recent years, the EPA has expanded its testing capabilities to include alternatively-fuelled vehicles including electric vehicles. These ratings calculate the equivalent amount of energy that a vehicle uses to one gallon of traditional fuel. This allows consumers to compare the fuel efficiency of electric vehicles with regular ones.

MPG is an important metric to know about any vehicle that you're considering purchasing. It tells you about the difference in cost between operating different vehicles by giving you a sense of how much money you're likely to spend on fuel. This becomes especially important when fuel prices are higher, since every bit of savings count for your budget.

While MPG can help you compare different vehicles, it doesn't tell you anything about real-world fuel prices. However, you can easily calculate approximately how much you'll spend on fuel at different price levels, depending on how much distance you drive on a regular basis.

How does the model calculate miles per gallon

• Dividing distance traveled in miles by the number of gallons, we can get miles per gallon.
• For HEV this gallon(gasoline-equivalent of battery power) is added with gallon used by IC engine then miles per gallon is calculated
• vehicle speed data is used to calculate the distance traveled in meters which is then converted to miles
• Battery power data is used to find power used in kWh which is then converted to gasoline-equivalent using US EPA value by dividing with 33.7

note: As per the US environmental protection agency(EPA) 1 gallon of gasoline is equal to 33.7 kWh

Answer 3: HEV ReferenceApplication with WOT drive cycle.

Grade - 0, wind velocity 0m/s

Grade - 5, wind velocity 10m/s

Grade - 15, wind velocity 30m/s

Answer 4:

simulation is done for 50 seconds and the 40 seconds WOT drive cycle is used with wot acceleration for 0-30 seconds achieving a max speed of 26.8m/s and decelerates for 10 seconds (30-40).

Results:

1.EV model