Week -2

1.Make a Simulink model of Doorbell using solenoid block

OBJECTIVE

To make a simulink model of doorbell using solenoid block,where the switch is closed for 2 seconds and then released.

MODEL

BLOCKS USED

1. PULSE GENERATOR
   • The role of the pulse generator is to 'ON' the switch for 2 seconds because the phase delay is given as 2 seconds.
   • The pulse generator is connected to the Simulink-PS converter.
2. SIMULINK-PS CONVERTER
   • By using Simulink-PS converter we can directly connect the simulink and the physical system.
   • Here the simulink component is Pulse generator.
   • And physical system is Switch.
3. SOLVER CONFIGURATION
   • It specifies the solver parameters that requires for your physical network represented by a connected simscape block.
4. SWITCH
   
   • If the switch is closed ,It will connect the solinoid and the supply(ON state).
   • If the switch is open ,It will disconnect the solinoid and the supply(OFF state).
5. DC VOLTAGE SOURCE
   • The DC source is connected in series with both solinoid and the switch.
   • The DC source will make the solinoid as electromagnet when the switch is closed.
   • Here the supply is given as 1V.
6. SOLINOID
   • The solinoid is connected in series with the switch.
   • When the solinoid becomes electromagnet then the Plunger will move from R to C .
7. ELECTRICAL REFFERENCE
   • It is an electrical ground which is used to connect the electrical elements in the model.
8. IDEAL TRANSLATIONAL MOTION SENSOR
   • This block measures velocity or displacement in a mechanical translational network.
   • It measures the motion of plunger in the solenoid.
9. MECHANICAL TRANSLATIONAL REFERENCE
   • This block represents a mechanical translational reference point, that is, a frame or a ground.
10. PS-SIMULINK CONVERTER
    
    • By using PS-Simulink converter we can directly connect the physical system and the simulink.
    • Here the simulink component is scope.
    • And physical system is ideal translational motion sensor.
11. SCOPE
    • By using scope we can observe the ringing of the bell.

OBSERVATION

• When the switch is closed the solinoid is exicited by the dc source.
• The switch is controlled by the pulse generator with an phase delay of 2 secs and the pulse width of 50%.
• The output of the solinoid is given to the Ideal translational motion sensor to sense the motion of the plunger from R to C.
• The ringing of the bell is observed by the help of scope.

OUTPUT

• The silulation stop time is 10 seconds.
• From the plot we can oberserve that when the switch is closed the solenoid becomes electromanget by the help of the DC source .
• Then the plunger will morves from R to C to ring the bell.

2.SIMULINK MODEL FOR FAN OPERATING SYSTEM USING THERMISTOR

OBJECTIVE

To make a simulink model for fan operating system using thermistor when

Temperature source: 20 °C from 0 to 10 seconds, 27 °C from 10 to 30 seconds, 23 °C from 30 to 50 seconds

Fan conditions: ON if the temperature above 25 °C, OFF otherwise.

MODEL

The simulation stop time is 60 seconds

SOME COMMONLY USED BLOCKS

1. SIMULINK-PS CONVERTER
   • By using Simulink-PS converter we can directly connect the simulink and the physical system.
   • Here the simulink component is Signal bulider block.
   • And physical system is Controlled temperature source.
   • Here the simulink component is Controlled source.
   • And physical system is Switch.
2. THERMAL REFFERENCE
   • Represents a reference point in a thermal network where the temperature is equal to absolute zero.
3. ELECTRICAL REFFERENCE
   • It is an electrical ground which is used to connect the electrical elements in the model
4. SOLVER CONFIGURATION
   • It specifies the solver parameters that requires for your physical network represented by a connected simscape block.
5. PS-SIMULINK CONVERTER
   
   • By using PS-Simulink converter we can directly connect the physical system and the simulink.
   • Here the simulink component is switch.
   • And physical system is Voltage sensor.
6. MECHANICAL ROTATIONAL REFFERENCE
   • This block represents a mechanical rotational reference point, that is, a frame or ground.

BLOCKS USED

1. SIGNAL BUILDER BLOCK
   • Create and generate interchangeable groups of signals whose waveforms are piecewise linear.
   • Here the temperature is represented as kelvin.
   • The X axis is Time which is represented as sec.
   • The Y axis is Temperature which is represented as Kelvin.
   • The inputs are
     • From 0-10sec the temperature is at 293.15K
     • From 10-30sec the temperature is at 300.15K
     • From 30-50sec the temperature is at 296.15K
2. CONTOLLED TEMPERATUE SOURCE
   • It is an ideal energy source in the thermal network
   • s - Physical signal port where the signal or supply is given
   • A - is grounded by thermal refference.
   • B - is the diffence of A & S where the output is received.
3. THERMISTOR
   • There are two types of thermistor are used NTC(Negative thermal coefficient) & PTC(positive thermal coefficient).
   • Here the thermistor used is NTC , the properties of this thermistor is As the temperature rises the resistance of the thermistor is decreases.
4. BATTERY
   • It is an DC source.
   • Which is used as an supply for the thermistor to work.
5. RESISTOR
   
   • The resistance is connected parallel to the Voltage sensor.
6. VOLTAGE SENSOR
   
   • The voltage sensor is used to measure the potential difference between the thermistor.
   • V is the physical signal port that outputs voltage value.
7. VOLTAGE SENSOR OUTPUT(SCOPE1)
   • By using the scope we can monitor the output of the voltage sensor.
   • It is used to set the thresold value of the switch.
8. CONSTANT
   • Here two constant blocks are used 1 & 0.
   • Which is used as First and second input for the switch.
9. SWITCH
   • The first and third are data input.
   • The second is the conrtol input.
   • When the condition is specified, The switch will select the first or second input.
10. CONTROLLED SOURCE
    
    • It is an idel voltage source that is powerful enough to maintain the specified voltage.
    • At its output regardless of the current passing through it.
11. DC MOTOR
    
    • Here the DC motor is used to represent the fan.
12. IDEAL ROTATIONAL MOTION SENSOR
    
    • This block measures angular velocity or angle in a mechanical rotational network.
13. MOTOR OUTPUT(SCOPE 2)
    • By using the scope we can monitor the ON/OFF of the fan
    • If the fan is ON it shows the value as 1.
    • If the fan is OFF it shows the value as 0.

OBSERVATION

• The input is given by the help of the signal block builder as per the given statement.
• 
• Then the signal is processed by the Controlled temperature source where the signal is converted into thermal source.
• The output of the controlled thermal source is given to the Thermistor which is powerd by the battery source.
• The output of the thermistor is measured by an voltage sensor.
• The measured voltage signal is given to the switch.
• 
• The switch will ON/OFF the fan by the conditions specified to it.
• The conditions which is given to the switch is obatined by scope which shows the output of the voltage sensor.
• The output of the switch is given to the controlled source which is used to power the DC motor which is considered as Fan.
• The ideal rotational motion sensor is used to sense the rotational of the motor .
• Where the output is observed by the Scope
• 
• From the graph we can observe that X axis is Time which is reprented as 'Seconds' and Y axis is fan RPM.
  • The fan is OFF during the period of 0-10seconds when the temperatue is 20°C.
  • The fan is ON during the period of 10-30seconds when the temperatue is 27°C.
  • The fan is OFF during the period of 30-50seconds when the temperatue is 23°C.