Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry
Below table shows different type of lithium - ion cells :
|
Types of battries |
Anode |
Cathode |
Separator |
Reaction at anode |
Reaction at cathode |
Overall reaction |
|
LCO Lithium cobalt oxide |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium cobalt oxide |
polyolefin |
LiC6 -> xLi ++Xe- +C6 |
Li –xCoO2 +xLi ++xe- àliCoO2 |
C6 + LiCoO2 <--> LixC6 +Li(1-x)CoO2 |
|
LMO Lithium manganese oxide |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium manganese |
polyolefin |
xLi+ Xe- + 6C --> LixC6 |
LiMnO2 --> Li(1-x)Mn2O4 + xLi+ +xe- |
LiMn2O4 +6C --> LiC6 +Mn2O4 |
|
NCA Lithium Nickle Cobalt Aluminium oxide |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium Nickle Cobalt |
polyolefin |
LixCn --> nC + xLi+ +Xe- |
Li(1-x)MO2+xLi+ + xe- --> LiMO2 |
Li(1-x)MO2+ LixCn -->LiMo2 +nC |
|
NMC Lithium Nickel Manganese cobalt oxide |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium Nickel Manganese cobalt |
polyolefin |
xLi+ + xe- +nC --> LixCn |
LiMO2 --> Li(1-x)Mo2 + xLi+ +xe- |
Li(1-x)Mo2+ LixCn --> LiMo2 +nC |
|
LFP Lithium Iron Phosphate |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium Iron Phosphate |
polyolefin |
LiC6 --> Li+ + e- + C6 |
FePO4 +Li +e- --> LiFePO4 |
LiFePO4 + 6C --> LiC6 + FePO4 |
|
LTO Lithium Titanate |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium Titanate |
polyolefin |
Ti5O12 + 4Li+ +4e- --> Li4Ti5O12 |
4LiMn2O4 --> 4Mn2O4 + 4Li+ +4e- |
Li4Ti5O12 + 4Mn2O4 --> 4LiMn2O4 + Ti5O12 |
Comparision on different types of lithium ion battries based on their charecteristics :
| Type of battries | Energy capacity (Wh/kg) | Life cycle | Thermal runway(degree centigrate) | cost | safety performance | voltage platform (v) |
| LCO | 150-200 | 500-1000 | 150 | more expensive | bad | 3.7 |
| LMO | 100-150 | 300-700 | 250 | cheap | good | 4 |
| NCA | 200-260 | 500 | 210 | expensive | better | 3.5 |
| NMC | 150-220 | 1000-2000 | 270 | expensive | better | 3.5 |
| LFP | 90-120 | 2000+ | 150 | cheap | best | 3.3 |
| LTO | 50-80 | 3000-7000 | 250 | expensive | better | 2.4 |