Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry

1.

LITHIUM ION BATTERY AND ITS TYPES :-

It is a advance battery technology that uses lithium ions as the main component of it . During discharge lithium atoms in the anode are ionized and separated from their electrons . Then these ions move from the anode and pass through the electrolyte until they reach the cathode. These are very small ions for which it have a very high voltage and charge storage per unit mass . These are rechargeable batteries and reuseable .

Lithium ion batteries can use different materials as its electrolytes and the most common combination is of lithium oxide as cathode and graphite as anode which are mostly used in our mobile cells and laptops etc cathode materials like lithium manganese oxide used in electric vehicles cases.

TYPES OF LI-ION BATTERY :-

1.LCO - Lithium cobalt oxide

2.LMO - Lithium manganese oxide

3.NCA - Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide

4.NMC -Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide

5.LFP - Lithium iron phosphate

6.LTO -Lithium Titanate oxide

MATERIALS CHEMICAL NAME REACTION AT CATHODE REACTION AT ANODE

1. LCO LiCoO2 CoO2+ Li+ + e- =LiCoO2 LiC6=C6+ Li+ + e-

(lithium cobalt oxide)

2.LMO LiMn2O2 MnO2+ Li+ + e- =LiMn2O2 LiC6=C6+ Li+ + e-

(lithium manganese oxide)

3.NCA LiNiCoAlO2 NiCoAlO2 + Li+ + e- =LiNiCoAlO2 LiC6=C6+ Li+ + e-

(lithium nickel cobalt

aluminium oxide)

4.NMC LiNiMnCoO2 NiMnCoO2+ Li+ + e- = LiNiMnCoO2 LiC6=C6+ Li+ + e-

(lithium nickel manganese

cobalt oxide)

5.LFP LiFePO4 FePO4+ Li+ + e- = LiFePO4 LiC6=C6+ Li+ + e-

(lithium iron phosphate)

6.LTO LiTiO3 4Mn2PO4 +PO4+4Li+e- = 4LiMn2O4 Li4Ti5O12+4Li+4e- = 4LIMn2O4

(Lithium Titanate oxide)

Hence,these are some types of lithium on battery we are using in now a days .

2.

Type of Lithium -ion batteries:-

1. LCO - Lithium cobalt oxide :-

>It was invented in 1991 .

>It is used in various portable devices like mobile phones , laptops etc .

>It contains a cobalt oxide cathod as positive cathod and graphite carbon as anode .

>Its main advantage is it has high energy density and have a long run time.

>Its limit is 1C for charging and discharging .

2.LMO - Lithium manganese oxide :-

>It was invented in 1996.

>It is used in power tools and also in electric cars .

>It has the ability to deliver maximum charge in short period of time .

>This high flow decrease the internal resistance and increase the load capacity .

>It has higher thermal stability .

3.NCA - Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide :-

>It is used in various purposes like in medical devices and on electric vehicle too.

>These are not widely used in consumer industries .

>Long life span .

>Higher in cost and less safety than other Li batteries .

>High specific energy .

4.NMC -Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide :-

>It delivers high specific power and low specific energy .

>High safety .

>long life span.

>It gives medium performance and basically lower in cost.

5.LFP - Lithium iron phosphate :-

>It is a popular and cost effitive battery method .

>It delivers a lower nominal voltage .

>Very low specific energy .

>It has a medium life span and medium cost .

6.LTO -Lithium Titanate oxide :-

>It is a type of rechargable batteries with a nano technology .

>It can use in wider range of temperature .

>It is green and ecofriendly .

>Faster charging rate .

>More safety .

>Low specific energy .

Diagram which shows some difference between them :-

Hence, here we discussed the various types of batteries with its advantages and disadvantages .