Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry
1.
| Name | Anode | Cathode | Seperator | Electrolyte | Anode Reaction | Cathode Reaction | Overall Reaction |
| Lithium Cobalt Oxide(LCO) | Graphite | Lithium Cobalt oxide | Polyolefin | Ethylene Carbonate |  |
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| Lithium Manganese Oxide(LMO) | Graphite | Lithium Manganese | Polyolefin | Lithium Halide |  |
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| Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide(NCA) | Graphite | Nickel Cobalt Aluminium | Polyolefin | Ethylene Carbonate |  |
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| Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide(NMC) | Graphite | Nickel Manganese | Polyolefin | Lithium Salt |  |
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| Lithium Iron Phosphate(LFP) | Graphite | Lithium Iron Phosphate | Polyolefin | Ethylene Carbonate |  |
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| Lithium Titanate (LTO) | Graphite | Lithium Titanate | Polyolefin | Lithium Salt |  |
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2.
a. Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) battery
LiCoO2 cathode (~60% Co), graphite anode
Voltage : 3.60V nominal; typical operating range 3.0–4.2V/cell
Specific energy (capacity) : 150–200Wh/kg. Specialty cells provide up to 240Wh/kg.
Cycle life : 500–1000
Thermal Runaway : 150°C (302°F). Full charge promotes thermal runaway
Application : Mobile phones, tablets, laptops, cameras
b.Lithium Mangane Oxide (LMO)
Voltage :3.70V (3.80V) nominal; typical operating range 3.0–4.2V/cell
Specific energy (capacity) :100–150Wh/kg
Cycle life :300–700
Thermal Runaway : 250°C (482°F)Full charge promotes thermal runaway
Application : Power tools, medical devices, electric powertrains
c.Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide (NCA) Battery
Voltage :3.60V nominal; typical operating range 3.0–4.2V/cell
Specific energy (capacity) :200-260Wh/kg; 300Wh/kg predictable
Cycle life :500
Thermal Runaway : 150°C (302°F) typical, High charge promotes thermal runaway
Application :Medical devices, industrial, electric powertrain (Tesla)
d.Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Battery
Voltage :3.60V, 3.70V nominal; typical operating range 3.0–4.2V/cell, or higher
Specific energy (capacity) :150–220Wh/kg
Cycle life :1000–2000
Thermal Runaway : 210°C (410°F) typical. High charge promotes thermal runaway
Application :E-bikes, medical devices, EVs, industrial
e. Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
Voltage :3.20, 3.30V nominal; typical operating range 2.5–3.65V/cell
Specific energy (capacity) :90–120Wh/kg
Cycle life :2000 and higher
Thermal Runaway : 270°C (518°F) Very safe battery even if fully charged
Application :Portable and stationary needing high load currents and endurance
f.Lithium Titanate(LTO) Battery
Voltage :2.40V nominal; typical operating range 1.8–2.85V/cell
Specific energy (capacity) :50–80Wh/kg
Cycle life :3,000–7,000
Thermal Runaway : One of safest Li-ion batteries
Application :UPS, electric powertrain (Mitsubishi i-MiEV, Honda Fit EV), solar-powered street lighting