Sketch a G+1 residential plan according to Vaastu Shastra and Calculation of Loads as per IS code
AIM:
- To prepare a G+1 plan of Residential Building according to Vaastu shastra
- To list the names of the structural drawings required to be provided to the site for construction.
- To calculate the corresponding individual loads from the members as per I.S codes.
INTRODUCTION:
- Vaastu shastra is the ancient Indian science of architecture and acts as a guideline to design your home in a way that enhances positive energy.
- Our nature is abundant with powerhouses of energy sources like sun, wind, moon, water, earth and fire.
- Effect of sun rays, the flow of winds, pull of earth's magnetic field and other such cosmic energies.
- A good home needs to radiate the right kind of energy and the person dwelling in a home comes under the influence of a specific energy field.
- Vaastu shastra can be a wonderful tool to enhance the lives of people in the house.
- Architectural changes are not possible for ready-to-move-in-house.
- Significance of Eight directions:
- Four cardinal directions are North, South, East and West.
- Four intercardinal directions are northeast, northwest, southeast, and southwest.
- Each direction signifies an aspect of life and is governed by various gods.
- North- Wealth
- South- Dharma
- West and East- Overall prosperity.
- Basic principles of Vastu Shastra:
- Shape: Rooms be preferably been square or rectangular in shape.
- Room basics: The room should be airy, well-lit, bright and clean.
- Home centre: Centre of the house should be empty space.
- Stairs and Furniture: Heavy furniture should be kept in the southwest direction.
- Water: Avoid keeping water and plans in the bedroom.
- Entrance: Basically entrance should be in a northeast direction.
- Dining table: The dining space should be near the kitchen and not near the roadside or bathrooms.
- Mirror placement: Placement of mirror strictly avoided facing the bed in the bedroom.
- AUSPICIOUS DIRECTIONS AS PER VASTU SHASTRA:
- Kitchen:
- Southeast is the best
- Northeast to be avoided
- Staircase:
- Southwest is best
- Northeast to be avoided
- Toilet:
- Northwest is best
- Northeast to be avoided
- Master Bedroom:
- Southwest is the best
- Guest Room:
- Northwest is the best
- Guest Room:
- Northwest is the best
- Overhead Tanks:
- West is the best
- Underground Tanks:
- Northeast is the best
- Southwest to be avoided
- Kitchen:
- THUMB RULES TO PLAN A HOUSE AS PER VAASTU SHASTRA:
- Entrance of the house:
- The main entrance is not only the entry point for the family but also for energy.
- The main door entrance should be strong and bigger than other doors in the house and made of superior quality wood preferably teak wood.
- The main door should not be dark because good energy is associated with bright and cheery places.
- Garbage bags, unwanted things and shoes should keep away from the main door.
- The main door should open inwards and avoid creaky sounds.
- The main door should be constructed in a way to ensure that when stepping out, you face the north and east or the northeast direction.
- Avoid painting the door black and placing animal statues near the door.
- Living Room:
- The living room should be clyster free and it is the place where the family spends more time together.
- It should be facing east, north, northeast or northwest facing the living room is also favourable.
- Heavy furniture should be kept west or southwest direction of the living room.
- Electronic appliances should be installed in the southeast section of the living room.
- If planning for a mirror in this room, ensure you place it on the north wall.
- An aquarium on the north or east wall for prosperity.
- A bright picture of the sunrise on the southern wall.
- Shades of yellow, green, beige or blue on walls infuse liveliness and vibrancy.
- Bedroom:
- A bedroom in the southwest direction brings good health and prosperity.
- Avoid bedrooms in the northeast as it may cause health issues.
- Avoid the southeast zone as it may cause quarrels among couples.
- The bed should be placed in the southwest corner of the bedroom with the head facing west.
- Avoid placing a mirror or television in front of the bed. Because reflection causes fights and other domestic disruptions.
- Avoid having paintings depicting water or a fountain as it could cause emotional outbursts.
- Using aromatic oils creates an oasis of calm.
- Never sleep with your head in the North.
- Avoid overhanging beams in the room to enjoy health.
- Use solid wooden beds instead of hollow wrought-iron beds.
- Paint the bedroom walls in neutral or earthy shades that radiate positive energy.
- Bedrooms are the place for rest and response and it's good to have soothing wall colours for a peaceful aura.
- Pooja Room:
- Rooms in the house for meditation and prayers will ensure spiritual growth.
- The East or northeast parts of the home are perfect for meditation, Yoga and spiritual pursuits.
- Facing east while you meditate will increase positivity.
- While beige or light yellow or green are great colour options for the meditation room.
- Create a sacred altar and decorate it with candles or incense sticks.
- Kitchen:
- Following Vaastu for the kitchen ensures a healthy life for your family's growth.
- Keep water sink away from the gas stove.
- The fridge needs to be placed in the southwest corner.
- Never let your kitchen face a washroom wall nor share a common wall with it.
- Study Room:
- Select a square or rectangular shape for the study table and prevent all other shapes.
- Don't place the table facing a blank wall or window.
- Place a table in the northeast, east or west direction is also ideal.
- Hanging bookshelves is best avoided.
- Courtyard:
- Brahmasthan is a unique feature of ancient architecture based on Vastu Shastra.
- It is the centre of your residence and the holiest and most powerful zone.
- In a traditional home in Kerala, the courtyard is always at the centre of the house.
- These parts should be perfect and clutter-free.
- The placement of the kitchen, bathroom or pillar/beam attracts negative energy.
- Entrance of the house:
- Significance of Eight directions:
- Important structural drawings for a project:
- Centre line drawing
- Footing and column layout with reinforcement details
- Column Schedule with reinforcement details
- Plinth beam layout with reinforcement details
- First-Floor beam layout with reinforcement details
- First-Floor slab layout with reinforcement details
- Lift pit and headroom reinforcement details
PROCEDURE:
- First, we have to draw the floor plans according to Vaastu principles
GROUND FLOOR PLAN SKETCH
[Note: All dimensions are in meters as per plan] - Dimensions of Ground Floor Plan:
- Hall/ living room: 4m * 4m
- Parking area: 5m * 4m
- Master Bedroom: 4m * 3m
- Kitchen: 4m * 2m
- Attached bathroom: 2.3m * 1.3m
- Common bathroom: 2.8m * 1.3m
- Service area at front side: 3.5m * 1.8m
- Service area at side: 1m * 9m
- The mid landing area of the staircase: 1m * 2m
FIRST FLOOR PLAN SKETCH
- Dimensions of first-floor plan:
- Mater Bedroom: 4m * 4m
- Kids Bedroom: 4m * 2m
- Pooja/ prayer/ meditation room: 8.5m * 2m
- Toilet 1: 2.3m * 1.3m
- Toilet 2: 2.8m * 1.3m
- Service area: 1m * 7m
- Balcony/ sit out: 5m * 2m
- Other dimensions:
- Stair dimensions:
- Rise: 0.2m
- thread: 0.3m
- The thickness of the wall: 230mm= 0.23m
- Thickness of slab: 150mm= 0.15m
- Size of column: 230mm * 300mm
- Size of beam: 300mm * 450mm
- Height of the wall: 4m
- Stair dimensions:
- After that, we have to calculate loads for each element.
LOAD CALCULATION
Dead Load Calculation: As per IS 875- part 1
- Total dead load acting on columns: Unit weight of RCC * Number of columns in a building * Volume of each column
- Unit weight of RCC column= 25KN/m^3
- Volume of each column = width * breadth * height
- Height of column ( H ) = 4m+ 0.25m+ 4m+ 0.25m= 8.5m
- The volume of each column ( V )=0.230*0.300*8=0.552m^3
- Number of columns in plan= 11
- A dead load of each column= 25 KN/m^3 * 0.552 m^3= 13.8KN
- Total dead load acting on columns= 25 KN/m^3 * 0.552 m^3 * 11= 151.8KN
- Total dead load acting on beams: Unit weight of RCC * Volume of each beam
- Unit weight of RCC beam= 25KN/m^3
- The volume of each beam per meter = length * thickness * depth= 0.3* 0.45= 0.135 m^2
- Total dead load acting on each beam per meter= 0.135m^2*25kn/m^3= 3.38 KN/m
- Total dead load acting on walls: A dead load of walls on the ground floor + a Dead load of walls on the first floor
- Since height is the same on both floors we can assume both are the same.
- Unit weight of brick wall= 20KN/m^3
- Dead load of wall= unit weight of wall* quantity of wall = 20 KN/m^3 * 4m * 0.23m= 18.4 KN/ m
- Total Dead load acting on slab: Thickness of slab* unit weight of RCC
- The thickness of Slab= 0.15m
- Unit weight of RCC= 25 KN/m^3
- Total dead load acting on slab= 0.15m* 25 KN/m^3= 3.75 KN/m^2
Live load calculation: - As per IS- 875 ( part-2) 1987 ( Clauses 3.1, 3.1.1 and 4.1.1) for residential building live loads ( UDL ) for the proposed given plan are taken as:
- Living room/ Hall = 2KN/m^2
- Bedroom = 2KN/m^2
- Kitchen = 2KN/m^2
- Prayer hall= 2KN/m^2
- Toilet= 2KN/m^2
- Balcony= 3KN/m^2
- Staircase= 3KN/m^2
- Terrace/ Service are= 2KN/m^2
- These are the live loads we are considering for the given plan.
Wind Load calculation: - From the proposed given plan the height of the building is 8.5m
- As per IS 875: 1987- Part 3 the wind loads are calculated where the building height is greater than 10m.
- Therefore it is not applicable to calculate the wind load acting on a proposed residential building.
RESULT:
-> The plan which is proposed is sketched according to the concepts and principles of VAASTU SHASTRA.
-> As per IS 875:1987( Part-1, Part-2, Part-3) and IS 456:2000 the load calculations are done accordingly.
REFERENCES AND INDIAN STANDARD CODES USED FOR THIS G+1 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROJECT:
-> IS 875:1987 ( Part-1) for Dead Load
-> IS 875:1987 ( Part-2) for Live Load
-> IS 875:1987 ( Part-3) for Wind Load
-> IS 456:2000 for Reinforcement concrete and Brick material details.