Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
1. Answer:
a) Genarator b) Battery c) Starter d) Ignition coil e)Ammeter f) Foot selector switch g) Breaker h) Fuse i)Current and voltage regulator j)Gas tank unit k)Breaker l)Fuel gauge m)Switches n)Junction block o)Horn p)Parking lamp.
2. Answer:
The three elements:
i) Generator
ii) Breaker
iii) Battery
Generator: A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Working: Electric generators work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. A conductor coil (a copper coil tightly wound onto a metal core) is rotated rapidly between the poles of a horseshoe type magnet. The conductor coil along with its core is known as an armature.
Sources of mechanical energy include steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, internal combustion engines, wind turbines and even hand cranks.
Breaker: A circuit breaker is an electrical safety device designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by an overcurrent or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow to protect equipment and to prevent the risk of fire.
Working: circuit breaker is opened by applying pressure to the trigger. When there is a faulty current flowing through any part of the system, the trip coil of the breaker gets energized thereby moving away from each other, thus opening the circuit.
Battery: A battery isa device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy.
Working: The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work.
3. Answer:
If the normal steady-state current is 10 amps, for example, a 15A fuse should be chosen (10 amps x 135% = 13.5 amps, and the next higher standard size is 15A).
In order to select the right amperage of the fuse, you first need to know the full-load steady-state current of the circuit at an ambient temperature of 25º C (68º F). Once the current value is determined, then a fuse rating should be selected as to be 135% of this value (taken to the next standard value).
Given data:
Total load(I)=10A
Fuse rating=?
Voltage(V)=30V [since the typical Car battery voltage is 30V ]
we know that;
P=V*I
P=30*10
P=300KW
Fuse rating=I=(P*1.5)/V
I=(300*1.5)/30
I=15A
4. Answer:
Given data:
I=10A (from the previous question)
P=500W
To Find:
V=?
C=?
Answer:
we know that,
From the power formula,
P=V*I
V=P/I
V=500/10
V=50V
Capacity (C)= I*T
C=10*1
C= 10Ah
5. Answer:
Horn: parallel switching of high and low tones is used and the main sound frequencies of these signals are harmoniously combined.
All lights: Each light in a parallel circuit has its own circuit. The individual currents add up to the total current. The voltage for each light is the same. As opposed to a series circuit, if one light malfunctions in a parallel circuit, the other lights still light up.
6. Answer:
Battery: Connected in series with high voltage to improve the drivability and energy efficiency.
Ammeter: An ammeter is a device which measures the amount of current flowing in a circuit. It is a very low resistance(nearly zero) device. If it will be connected in parallel, it would draw most of the current and would get damaged.