Project

AIM: To Study the Simulation of BAJA All-Terrain Vehicle (AVT) Model.

OBJECTIVES:

• To study the AVT model with & without dashboard
• To study the AVT model using lookup table with and without dashboard

INTRODUCTION:

ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLE (AVT)

An all-terrain vehicle (ATV), also known as a light utility vehicle (LUV) a quad bike, or simply a quad, is a vehicle that travels on low-pressure tires, with a seat that is straddled by the operator, along with handlebars for steering control. As the name implies, it is designed to handle a wider variety of terrain than most other vehicles. By the current ANSI (American National Standards Institute) definition, ATVs are intended for use by a single operator, although some companies have developed ATVs intended for use by the operator and one passenger. The rider sits on and operates these vehicles like a motorcycle, but the extra wheels give more stability at slower speeds. Although most are equipped with three or four wheels, six-wheel models exist for specialized applications. Multiple-user analogues with side-by-side seating are called Utility Terrain Vehicle(UTV) or Side-by-sides to distinguish the classes of vehicle. Both classes tend to have similar Power train parts.

The Main components of an AVT are vehicle body, suspension, Tires, Engine, and Continuously Variable Transmission (CTV).

The vehicle body of an AVT design which is designed to run on thrilling and extreme terrain environments. The suspension of this vehicle has the front and rear type suspension systems are use even as fabricate the front and rear. Inequality of the Roads/Off-Roads with lots of potholes, bumps and sudden impacts while driving ATV, requires having a powerful suspension system.

Engine sizes of ATVs currently range from 49 cc to 1,000 cc.

The Transmission of the All Terrain Vehicle(ATV) model with Continuously Variable Transmission(CVT).The Transmission of the All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) model with Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) is a type of Automatic transmission that provides more power, better fuel efficiency and smoother in driving experience compare to normal Automatic Transmission in Vehicles. This transmission system that makes it possibly to vary step-less transmission ratio without interrupt the Torque. This CVT consists of Primary pulley, Secondary pulley, the Variator and Belt. This Variator is connected to the primary pulley it goes outward & the Variator which is connected to the secondary pulley it goes to inward such that radius of the secondary pulley will be more than the radius of the primary pulley that will read to Speed Reduction (R_p<R_s). If the Variator of the primary pulley moves to inward and the Variator of the secondary pulley moves to outward which leads to Over-Drive (R_p>R_s) decrease in the radius.

CASE I : THE BAJA AVT MODEL WITHOUT DASHBOARD

By using the Simulink model the signal builder, generic engine, motion sensor, brake, gear ration, Continuously Vehicle Transmission, vehicle body are inter-connected. The transmission block includes the input shaft inertia and output shaft inertia which represents the primary and secondary pulley and to specify the gear ratio we have Variator gear ratio block.

CVT SUBSYSTEM

VEHICLE BODY SUBSYSTEM

INPUT SIGNAL

The signal builder used as the input for the Brake and Throttle. The Brake input is given as 0 and the throttle input is from 0.3 to 1 after 20seconds.

CASE I OUTPUT

It is clear that the vehicle speed increases to the maximum speed at full throttle and then remains constant.

CVT SHAFT SPEED

CASE II : BAJA AVT WITH DASHBOARD

The above figure shows BAJA ATV WITH DASHBOARD model which have both throttle and brake as input in the dashboard and signal builder is not connected as input. Remaining of the blocks and subsystems are same in this ATV model without dashboard. The main concept of using dashboard is study the result by varying the input of brake and throttle, which shows that the velocity and speed of the engine. As the brake input given randomly which varies from 0 - 0.5 the velocity and speed decreases. By increasing the throttle, the velocity and speed of the engine and the shaft increases.

Output

When the throttle input is given as 0.3 and brake input as 0. From above results it is clear that throttle increases because of the starting torque of the vehicle is high.

Shaft Speed

CASE III : BAJA AVT Model using Lookup Table With Dashboard

The above figure shows BAJA ATV WITH DASHBOARD model which have both throttle and brake as input in the dashboard and signal builder is not connected as input.Remaining of the blocks and subsystems are same in this ATV model without dashboard.

OUTPUT

The above figure represents the vehicle speed, the brake input is given as 0 and the throttle input is given as 0.3 remains constants for entire simulation.The speed of the vehicle gradually increases to the particular limits and remains constant.

Shaft speed

CVT Ratio

CASE IV : BAJA AVT MODEL WITH DASHBOARD USING LOOKUP TABLE

Baja AVT Model using Lookup table without Dashboard as shown in the above figure. The block diagram is quit similar to the case I instead of signal builder as input here we are connecting the feedback Lookup table one of the input to Continuously Variable Transmission(CVT)and the engine sensor as another input and engine sensor subsystem is given below

Output Case IV

Vehicle Speed

The above figure represents the vehicle speed.The brake is remains constant and throttle is increases and remains constant which increasing the velocity of the vehicle.

Shaft Speed

The above figure represents the shaft speed of CVT the primary shaft increases by increasing the throttle.The radius of the secondary shaft is less than the primary shaft and speed is proportional to the radius of the shaft.

CVT Ratio

Engine Torque-Speed Curve

The above graph represents the torque speed curve of a engine it shows that the torque is increasing by increasing in speed of the engine at particular point the the torque is decreasing when the gear ratio increases in order to reach maximum speed.

Lookup Table Visualization

The above figure represents the lookup visualization. The velocity is varying with respect to the gear ratio if gear ratio is high, the torque is high which decrease the velocity.

CONCLUSION

Thus the study of Simulation of BAJA All-Terrain Vehicle (AVT) Model was Analyzed with different outcomes.