Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project
1) Why are building codes or standards essential for the modeling/ efficiency of drawings in Revit ?
Answer:
A model building code organization is a set of building codes that are developed and maintained by a standards organization. This standards organization operates independently of the jurisdiction or area in which the building code standards are being developed. Local governments or councils can choose to adopt these building codes as they see fit, in order to better oversee construction within their area. Building code organizations establish minimum safety, construction and material requirements for builders to adhere to.To achieve the minimum standards of safety and welfare of residents of a building, the governing body defines a set of guidelines to regulate the construction activities termed as building codes. A building code is a set of rules to regulate the construction activities across the country.
The National Building Code of India (NBC), a comprehensive building Code, is a national instrument providing guidelines for regulating the building construction activities across the country. It serves as a Model Code for adoption by all agencies involved in building construction works be they Public Works Departments, other government construction departments, local bodies or private construction agencies. The Code mainly contains administrative regulations, development control rules and general building requirements; fire safety requirements; stipulations regarding materials, structural design and construction (including safety); building and plumbing services; approach to sustainability; and asset and facility management.
2) From the National Building Code list the groups that will be essential to you when you begin modeling in Autodesk Revit.
According to NBC Buildings are classified according to use or the character of occupancy in one of the following groups:
Group A Residential
Group B Educational
Group C Institutional
Group D Assembly
Group E Business
Group F Mercantile (relating to trade or commerce; commercia)
Group G Industrial
Group H Storage
Group J Hazardous
3) List the five major steps that occur in project cycle. The steps should include from conceptualization of project to maintenance and final stage.
1. Initiation
2. Planning
3. Execution
4. Control
5. Closure
1. In this stage, management or other authority figures have determined a business need that will require the work of a project manager. The project itself could improve business processes, create revenue, or otherwise fill a need in the organization.
2. The planning phase is when the project plans are documented, the project deliverables and requirements are defined, and the project schedule is created. It involves creating a set of plans to help guide your team through the implementation and closure phases of the project.
3.After the planning stage is complete, it's time to begin doing the work. Hence the execution stage, or the stage where a project is carried out
4.It is the process of consistently monitoring progress during execution to ensure your team is performing as they should.
5.It is the final stage of the project life cycle, and it begins after a project has been completed.
A land development/building project comprises the following major stages:
a) Location/siting,
b) Conceptualization and planning,
c) Designing and detailing,
d) Construction/execution, and
e) Maintenance and repair.
4) Give examples of different disciplines involved in construction of a project.
Construction: Managing the building of civil engineering systems from cradle to grave to include coordination between the owner, contractor and designer.
Cost Estimation: It include accounting,
financial contracts and estimating the cost of activities.
Contractors:effective contract administration is integral to acquiring the
next job or project as a construction manager.
Geotechnical:Designing foundations and earthwork systems to support soil itself and transfer loads from structures into the earth while limiting settlements.
Management:Managing equipment, personnel and supplies to build more effectively, efficiently and economically.
Structural:Designing systems of structural members used to support loads for a specified public function such as bridges, buildings, dams and bell towers.
Surveying:Measuring physical features to include horizontal distances and elevation differences to determine property lines, lay out buildings and produce maps.
Appropriate multi-disciplinary teams need to be constituted to successfully meet the requirements of different stages. Each team may comprise need based professionals out of the following
depending upon the nature, magnitude and
complexity of the project:
a) Architect,
b) Civil engineer,
c) Structural engineer,
d) Electrical engineer,
e) Plumbing engineer,
f) Fire protection engineer,
g) HVAC engineer,
h) Environment specialist,
j) Town planner,
k) Urban designer,
m) Landscape architect,
n) Security system specialist,
p) Interior designer,
q) Quantity surveyor,
r) Project/construction manager, and
s) Other subject specialist(s).
5) How are buildings classified ? Place the following buildings under each category
a. Four unit apartments
b. School with capacity of 1000 students
c. A single unit shop.
d. Multi story Shopping complex e. Steel machine factory
ANSWER:
The National Building Code of India (NBC), a comprehensive building Code, is a national instrument providing guidelines for regulating the building construction activities across the country. It serves as a Model Code for adoption by all agencies involved in building construction works be they Public Works Departments, other government construction departments, local bodies or private construction agencies. The Code mainly contains administrative regulations, development control rules and general building requirements; fire safety requirements; stipulations regarding materials, structural design and construction (including safety); building and plumbing services; approach to sustainability; and asset and facility management.
Group A Residential
Group B Educational
Group C Institutional
Group D Assembly
Group E Business
Group F Mercantile (relating to trade or commerce; commercia)
Group G Industrial
Group H Storage
Group J Hazardous
A) four units apartment comes under group A Residential
B) school with capacity of 1000 students
comes under Group B education
C) A single unit shop comes under Group E Business
D) Multi story shopping complex comes under Group F mercantile or Group G Industrial
E) steel machine factory comes under Group G Industrial, Group H Storage,Group J Hazardous
6)Distinguish the roles of Design team and Management team
Answer:
DESIGN TEAM:
A design team can be a singular individual working on design projects across an organization, up to a team of 50+ designers who have their own department. There's a lot that goes into effectively leading a design team.
In building projects various aspects like form; spaceplanning; aesthetics; fire and life safety; structural adequacy; plumbing services; lighting and natural ventilation; electrical and allied installations; air conditioning, heating and mechanical ventilation; acoustics, sound insulation and noise control; installation of lifts and escalators; building automation;data and voice communication; other utility services installations; landscape planning and design; urban planning; etc need to be kept in view right at the concept stage. The
project requiring such multidisciplinary inputs need a co-ordinated approach among the professionals for proper integration of various design inputs. For this, and to take care of the complexities of multi-disciplinary requirements, a design team of professionals from required disciplinesshall be constituted at the appropriate stage. Here, it is desirable that the multi-disciplinary integration is initiated right from the concept stage. The team shall finalize the plan. The composition of the team shall depend on the nature and magnitude of the project. Design is an evolutionary and participatory process, where participation of owner constitutes a very important input at all stages, and the same shall be ensured by the design team. (SP 7 GROUP 1 (2005) NCB - 4.1 DESIGN TEAM)
MANAGEMENT TEAM:
The management team is the group of individuals that operate at the higher levels
of an organisation and have day-to-day responsibility for managing other individuals and maintaining responsibility for key business functions.
The objective of project management or construction management is primarily to achieve accomplishment
of project in accordance with the designs and specifications in a stipulated time and cost framework,
with a degree of assurance prior to commencement and satisfaction on accomplishment.(SP 7 GROUP 1 (2005) NCB-4.2 PROJECT MANAGMENT AND CONSTRUCTION MANAGMENT TEAM)
7) Refer to NBC, Identify the modeling requirements for the project ( from week 4).
a. Height Limitations
b. Area Limitations
c. Room sizing
d. Wall height
e. Thickness based on fire life and
f. Passageway requirements
a. height limitations:
A-2 HEIGHT RESTRICTION
No building or structure higher than the heightspecified in Tables 5 and 6 shall be constructed or erected, or no tree which is likely to grow or ordinarily grows higher than the height specified in the Tables 5 and 6, shall be planted, on any land within a radius of 20 km from ARP of the aerodromes listed.
C-2.5 Height of Building (FORM NBC) The height of building shall not exceed 15
m.
NOTES
1 For buildings up to the height of 15 m, there is no need to provide lifts.
2 Housing for the low-income group shall
preferably be up to a maximum of two storeys.
3 Buildings for housing beyond 15 m in
height should be resorted to in exceptional circumstances and it should be
governed by provisions laid down in this Code.
According to my model the height is 7 m. Therefore it does not extended 15 m,so my project is according to NBC standards in height limitations
b.area limitations: (FORM NCB).
The minimum plot size with ground coverage not exceeding 75 percent, shall not be less than 40 m2 in small and medium town and not less than 30 m2 in metropolitan cities. Plot sizes
below 30 m2 but not less than 15 m2 may be permitted in case of cluster planning.
According to my model the area is not less than 40 m^2,my plot size is 41 feet x 37 feet
c. Room sizing
Every dwelling unit to be provided should have at least two habitable rooms. Even if one room house is provided initially it should be capable of adding a new second room in future.
However, in case single room tenements are required to be provided where future additions are not possible, the carpet area of multipurpose single room should be at least 12.5 m2. Such
one room dwelling units with 12.5 m2 carpet area of habitable space is permitted only in case of on site rehabilitation of slum dwellers. In a house of two rooms, first room shall not be less
than 9.0 m2 with minimum width of 2.5 m and second room shall not be less than 6.5 m2 with a minimum width of 2.1 m provided the total area of both the rooms is not less than 15.5
m2.In incremental housing the bigger room shall always be the first room.
According to my model the room sizing are according to NCB
d.wall height
F-3.4 Minimum Height
The minimum height of rooms/spaces shall be as follows:
PART 3 DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND GENERAL BUILDING
REQUIREMENTS 59
a) Habitable room 2.75 m
b) Kitchen 2.6 m
c) Bath/water-closet 2.2 m
d) Corridor 2.1 m
F-3.4.1 In the case of sloping roofs, the average height of roof for habitable rooms shall be 2.75 m and the minimum height at eaves shall be 2.10 m.
According to my model the walls are according to NCB
e.Thickness (NCB GROUP 1 TO 5 ).
According to my model the walls thickness are according to NCB
f. Passageway requirements
The residential plots shall abut on a public means of access nlike street/road. Plots which do not abut on a street/road shall abut/front on a means of access, the width and other requirements of which shall be as given in Table 1.
8) We have identified requirements for modeling from question 7, Use these numbers from code book and verify the numbers used in modeling the unit from week 2 to week 4. If the numbers are not reasonable, use the numbers obtained from the code book to create a revision of the mode.
answer :
My project is according to the ncb guidelines. Staircase or shaft needs to be added in my project.
