Final Project: Design of an Electric Vehicle

EV BATCH-17

1. Create a MATLAB model of electric car which uses a battery and a DC motor. Choose suitable blocks from Powertrain block set. Prepare a report about your model including following:

Objectives:

1. System level configurations

2. Model parameters

3. Results

4. Conclusion

Aim:

Create a MATLAB model of electric car which uses a battery and a DC motor. Choose suitable blocks from Powertrain block set. Prepare a report about your model including following:

• System level configurations

• Model parameters

• Results

• Conclusion

Theory:

An Electric Vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion. An electric vehicle may be powered through a collector system by electricity from off-vehicle sources, or may be self-contained with a battery, solar panels, fuel cells or an electric generator to convert fuel to electricity. EVs include, but are not limited to, road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater vessels, electric aircraft and electric spacecraft.

Simulation Block:

Explanation:

In above given simulation block we have discussed the Four blocks. They are given below

• Drive Cycle source
• Driver
• controller
• Battery
• Vehicle Body

Here is connceted to driver model as a inputs of ref velocity and driver model outputs of Acc and Brk are connceted to controller inputs of Acc and Brk then we connect the output of controller is connect to battery input current then battery outputs will connceted to scope for results and the controller another output will conncet to inputs of vehocle body of power to axle and it gives a output as a velocity is given to input of driver as velocity and scope for output results

>> Drive Cycle Source:

• Generates a standard or user-specified longitudinal drive cycle. The block output is the vehicle longitudinal speed.Here we taking FTP75 Drive Cycle Source.

>> Driver:

• In Driver model we have take the one longitudinal Driver and 2 inputs and 2 outputs and 1 constant and that constant value should be 'zero' and last take the terminator
• The 2 inputs are connect 'VelRef' and 'VelFdbk' terminals, constant will connect to 'Grade' and info will connect to terminator and 2 outputs will conncet to AccelCmd and DecelCmd terminals

>> Controller:

• Above simulation is Connceted as our requirement. In this we are using some practical blocks mainly Controlled PWM Voltage, H-Bridge, Dc Motor, Voltage Controller and some inputs and outputs and we have take some sensors and references
• In the above given circuit we have changed some parameters values that are given below

#Controlled PWM Voltage:

• For Controller the voltage thought PWM.

Changes are given below

#H-Bridge:

• This block is used to change the polarity of the voltage applied across the DC MOTOR so as to run the motor in forward and reverse direction as per the input command.
• This block changed values are given below

#Dc Motor:

• For Converts the Electrical input to Mechanical Rotational output
• Here the Changed parameters given below

>> Battery:

• In the Battery model we have use battery, controlled current source, Bus selector, 2 inputs and one output will connceted as per requirement
• Here we take one Powergui for Discrete 1sec signal

#Bus selector:

• Bus selector is for collecting the inputs
• In Bus selector we have add the SOC and voltage

#Battery:

• For Giving the Supply to controller
• in battery we have take some changes that are given below

>> Vehicle Body:

• The simulation blocks are connected according to our requirement
• in this we use 4 Tires, Simple gear, Inertia, Vehicle Body, Rotational free end and PS constant are used

#Simple Gear:

• Simple Gear is Used for Fixed Gear Box
• In Smple Gear have some changes is there, they given below

#Inertia:

• The inertia torque is positive if the inertia is accelerated in the positive direction.
• Changes in Inertia given below

#Tire(magical Force):

• H is hub
• S is slip
• N normal force acting on the tire
• A is the mechanical rotational conserving port for the wheel axle.

#PS Constant:

• The Constant parameter accepts both positive and negative values. The block output is a physical signal port.

• In PS Constant have some changes are there is given below

Results:

• Here the simulation time taken for this block is 2474 sec for using FTP drive cycle and we get the result in the first scope is input vs output velocity graph .This scope has two inputs,one is FTP75 drive cycle and the other one is the velocity feedback.
• This two is combined using a bus and connection port and to the scope is connected to get this graph is given below

• The next scope is used to get the change in soc value with respect to time The input for this scope is taken from current.
• Here the battery SOC about 97% and Voltage about 451V

Conclusion:

• Here we can design an electric vehicle and seen its performances with respect to the voltage and SOC .
• In this project inputs are drive cycle source as vehicle body and the out put as the battery voltage and the SOC .
• Intially soc is start as 100% after it executes as the 2474 seconds its discharge to 97%and the voltage value is started from 468volts and the driving for 2474seconds then the remaining voltage is to be 451volts.