Final Project: Design of an Electric Vehicle

Making a model of EV with DC motor and battery and it’s a rear-wheel-drive vehicle.

Block diagram of powertrain components in Electric Vehicle

Using 4 tyres and a vehicle body

Gear Box, Tyre and Vehicle body Parameters:

Rolling radius: 0.217 m

Coefficient constant: 0.002

Mass: 1642 kgs

Frontal Area: 5m²

Drag Coefficient: 0.4

Air density: 1.25 kg/m³

Gear ratio: 15

Where,

H – Hub, all are connected to 4 tyres respectively with the vehicle body hub

A – Axle, Rear axle is connected with 2 tyres and front axle with 2 tyres

N – force applied, input force by the vehicle body and N are connected in 2 ways respectively i.e., rear and front axle

NR- Rear output force from the vehicle body, its given as an input to rear axle

NF- Front output force from the vehicle body, its given as an input to front axle

V- velocity

w- wind speed

beta – angle of inclination on road

B – gear input from the driver

F-output and it’s connected to rear axle because it’s a rear-wheel-drive vehicle, if front wheel drive, then connected to front axle.

DC Motor Parameters: Selecting permanent magnet with rated load and speed

No Load: 7500 rpm

Rated Load: 6500 rpm

Rated mechanical Load: 50 KW

Rated DC supply voltage: 500V

Where,

C is torque is connected to mechanical rotation reference

R is torque which connected as input to gear

Positive is given to current sensor

Negative is given to Electrical reference

Power Converter Circuit: It is series combination of H- bridge and Controlled PWM voltage source

PWM frequency: 5000 Hz

H-bridge parameters are chosen according

Battery Pack:

Nominal Voltage: 650V

Nominal Current: 60 Amp hr

Gain: 1/Rated current *time = 1/ (60*3600) for the discharge

Longitudinal Driver:

Info details is terminated

Acceleration is given as input to Controlled PWM voltage source

Deceleration is given as input to the H bridge as braking threshold voltage through a voltage-controlled source

Grade: 1

Veh Ref is Drive cycle

Vehicle velocity is given as the input to vehicle feedback

To calculate distance integrator is used and divide by 1000 to get the value in kms

The function blocks used are as follows:

• Drive Cycle FTP75
• Constants for gradeability and SOC calculation
• Longitudinal Driver Block
• Terminator
• Simulink PS converter
• PS Simulink converter
• Mechanical Rotation Reference
• Electrical Reference
• Solver Configuration
• Controlled voltage source
• Controlled current source
• Controlled current sensor
• Rate transition is to get single output rate
• Gain
• Discrete time integrator is used to get the discrete output instead of continuous
• Sum function
• DC Battery Source
• Controlled PWM Voltage
• H bridge
• DC Motor
• Vehicle Body
• Tires
• Simple Gear
• Integrator
• Divide Function
• Scope
• Display

Output: Stimulation time for 5000 seconds

Drive cycle Input Source

SOC is discharging from initial stage because the vehicle is in movement and current varies depending on the input to converter systems in the vehicle.

Distance travelled by the vehicle is 4.9 kms

Conclusion :

• If the vehicle is designed for the same specifications as the matlab there would be some changes in the results depending on the surrounding and driver usage.
• Various parameters can be changed for better efficiency and improvement of the vehicle like Battery,mass of the vehicle,tyres, motor specifications etc
• From the model we have achieved the distance of almost 5kms and the discharge is also likely slower in discharge rate and it has only discharge 0.5%, we can say that the vehicle is efficient.

My Google drive is full,so i couldnt share the link