Creating a Layout, Section and Elevation with dimensions using AutoCad

1. Create the Plan and Sections as shown in the Figures. Use proper dimension techniques and dimension styles to document the project. Assume the sizes of the doors and windows as per construction standards. Refer to sections for stair details if required.

Ans:

1. Aim & Introduction

Aim:

This challenge aims to provide an experience to the student in sketching a full plan and elevation of a building. This will allow the student to utilize all the AutoCAD tools in multiple uses. The UtoCAD software provides different tools that when utilized together can from any sketch that followa in the imagination. A building part of the civil engineering industry and this correlates the AutoCAD software with the civil engineering industry. This challenge aims to give the student deeper understanding on how to utilize the AutoCAD software in sketching a residential building house

Introduction:

The AutoCAD software provides different tools. used in this challenge is as described below:

Line- creates line object

Polyline- creates rectangle line object

Rectangle- creates rectangles object

Circle- create circle object

Trim-Cut unwanted lines or shapes with the provided cutting edges

Extended- Extend lines to opposite corners

Move- Move objects to particular locations

Copy- Copy obejects to particular locations

Rotate- Rotate selected objects to a particular angle with respect to base point

Array- Copy an object in a set path linearly or polarly

Join- Joins separated line objects to a particular angle with respect to base point

Dimlinear(DLI)- provides vertical or horizontal linear/ straight dimensions

Dimligned(DAL)- Provides dimensions with respect to the angle of the object

Dimangular(DAN)- Provides angular dimensions between two line objects.

Quicklinedimension(QDIM)-provides quick dimension of a geometry

Leader- creates an arrow head line

Layer- Provides identification of line or object groups by their properties

Units- Open "Drawings Units" window to specify to modify the dimension properties

Hatch- provides hatching pattern in a given object or internal point

2. Sketch and Procedure:

A. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd FLoor plan

Procedure:

• Create the boundaries using Xline command.

• Cut the lines using trim tool and offset by 250 for the walls

• Sketch the bedroom use offset command and trim to make the lines

• Create the opening boundary and window designation

• Add the column designation. Column dimension is 250*400

To sketch the column. Use rectangle tool and hatch the object using the AR-CONC pattern

• Apply the CTRL+C and CTRL+V fumction to create object as block
• Use move and copy tool to move thecolumn object around the sketch, Copy the column object where it is required. Use rotate tool in case the column is in horizontal

• Proceed with the sketch of the bed room below. Use offset command and trim tool.PRoceed with sketch of DRA/KIT/DIN. Mind the last bedroom space as it will be adjusted for stair space

• Use trim to delete teh unnecessary lines. Create the windows. Length is 850.Proceeed with the sketch of the toilet. USe the same procedures and tools to sketch

• After sketching the 2 toilets, proceed with the bedroom. Strectch the created wall for easier procedure.Add the doors and windows

• Sketch the DRA/LIV and bed room below. Mind the hallway leading the stairs

• Now draw the boundaries for the oter rooms. NOte that the dimensions in each room are connected to each other. Outer walls are measured 250 mm and inside walls are 125mm. Use offset tool, linee tool, copy tool, and move tool to create the boundaries. Do all canopies and add the text and dimensions

• Add the text designations for the doors and windows

• Now add the dimensions. Use dimbreak command to avoid intersecting lines.

Results:

B. SECTION- AA

PROCEDURE:

• Project section AA from plan drawing. Use vertical XLINE or ray tool. Then create a horizontal line to act as the base of the elevation. This will be the Ground level.Beam height is 350mm

• Use the offset command to project the given elevations. LArge the stair first to avoid confusion. Then sketch the column according to first projected line
• Add the dimension for reference

• Project the Ground slab then sktech the columns. Trim the excess lines and create the boundaries
• Complete the sidewall sketch and add beams where required
• Slab thickness is 115mm. Sketch the at all elevations

• Continue one by one per elevation.Proceed the rooftop sketch and draw the tank as shown.Adjust the tank dimension and add the top opening.Proceed with the stairs. Consider teh given rise. Change lines to hidden line for those on the other side

• Add the side windows when adding the canopy.

• Add the dimensions. Use dimlinear to provide the dimesnsion

• Add the necessary texts in the sketch using dtext command
• Add leaders for necessary texts using the leader command or use the Mleader command to add leadres with text

Result:

C. SKETCH-BB:

PROCEDURE:

• Sketch this section by copying the plan and rotating it by 90degrees. This will help in projecting the plan.
• Then sketch this one beside section- AA to maintain the elevations.

• Start with columns and walls.Follow with the parapet. Sketch the same with AA section

• Create the windows and canopy. You can copy from section AA for faster progress

• Add the text and leaders

Result:

CONCLUSION:

The AutoCAD software is an essential part of the civil engineering industry. It provides a mean to how thecivil engineer portray their design. This sketchs help in giving the details needed for the construction of a certain structure. By utilizing all the tools provided by the AutoCad software, A 2D has been made to illustrate the building. This concludes that the AutoCAD software provides revolutionary technology in thecivil engineering industry.