Creating a Floor plan, Footing detail and Isometric view using AutoCad

Aim:

To create a floor plan, footing detail and isometric view using AutoCAD tools.

Introduction:

AutoCAD software consist of different tools that are essential for drawing a floor plan, footing detail or an isometric view. Some of them includes rectangle, polygon, polyline,line etc .

There are various modification tools in AutoCAD which are used to modify the sketched objects and these includes move, copy, offsetting, rotating, Scaling of sketched objects, filleting, chamfering etc.

1. Rectangle - Command used is REC. It can also evoked from ribbon, toolbar, tool pallettes. Follow the commands in AutoCAD to complete the rectangle. Different ways by which rectangle can be drawn are:

• Drawing rectangle by specifying two opposite corners.
• Drawing rectangle by specifying area an one side length.
• Drawing rectangle by specifying their dimension.
• Drawing rectangle at an angle.
• Drawing using different options like chamfering, fillets, width, thickness, elevation.

2. Regular polygon - Command used is POL. Other ways of evoking the tool is through ribbon, tool bar and tool pallettes. This tool is used to make a polygon with minimum of 3 sides and a maximum of 1024 sides. Different ways of drawing polygon is:

• Drawing a polygon by specifying the centre of the polygon:
  • Drawing an inscribed polygon using centre of polygon option.
  • Drawing a circumscribed polygon using the centre of polygon option.
• Drawing a polygon by specifying the edge.

3. Polyline - Command used is PLINE or PL and is also evoked through ribbon, toolbar, tool pallettes. There are two types of polyline: 2D and 3D. Different options in polyline includes arc, halfwidth, length, width. It is possible to switch between an arc and line anytime in between the drawing.

Polyline is a very important tool in utility drawing like pipelines, sewage lines etc.

Modification tools:

1. Moving sketched objects - Command is MOVE, other ways of evoking is through ribbon, toolbar. There is a need to choose the base point about which the object is to be moved. Displacement option allows to simply move an object to any point we want.

2. Copying the sketched object - Command used is CO or it can evoked from ribbon and toolbar. By using this tool an object can be copied to any distance that we choose, but when we copy an object without specifying the displacement distance it will be copied to apoint at a distance same as the distance of the original object from the origin. There are two options in copy: Single and multiple.

3. Offsetting the sketched object - Command used is OFFSET or evoked from ribbon, toolbar. This tool enables to create the same object at a specific distance. Different options incude:

THROUGH option: in this option there is no need of providing offset distance. Offsetted image can be placed anywhere we want.

ERASE option: This option provides an option to erase the source object once offsetting is done.

LAYER option.

4. Rotating the sketched object - Command used is ROTATE or is evoked from ribbon or toolbar. Different ways include:

• Rotation of objects in different roattion angles( by choosing basepoint).
• Rotation of objects using reference option: by keeping one angle as reference we can change to new angle.

There is a copy option where the object will be rotated and copied so both the rotated image and source image will be present.

5. Scaling of the sketched object - Command used is SC. This tool is used to reduce or increase the overall size of an object by a factor. Here, we have to provide a base point and then specify the scale factor.

There is two option for scaling: 1. COPY option: scale factor is to be provided, both source object and scaled object will be visible. 2. REFERENCE option: only reference length is to be provided, scale factor will be automatically calculated.

6. Filleting the sketches - Command used is FILLET or is also evoked from ribbon and toolbar. This tool can be created through either radius option or using the select first object option. Different options available are polyline (all corner points will be curved), radius, trim(by choosing no trim option the straight line will be available along with the curved line), Multiple (filleeting can be done multile times).

7. Chamfering the sketches - Command used is CHAMFER or is also evoked from ribbbon and toolbar. Dieffernt options available are:

• Creating chamfer using distance option: just inputing the distnce of the chamfer from the corner.
• Creating chamfer using the select first line option: first line is selected where we have to provide the first chamfered distance.
• Creating chamfer using polyline option.
• Creating chamfer using angle option:one side length and angle measurement will be provided.
• Creating chamfer using trim option.
• Creating chamfer using method option.
• Creating chamfer using multiple option.

Procedure:

1. C1 : Cross section of load bearing wall over spread footing.

1.open the auto cad software & create a template file in the folder.

2.prepare the drawing sheet as comfotable like setting up & start up.

3.enter the line command in the command bar L or polyline PL . specify the first point where can do start the drawing,move the coursor in the direction to the next point ,then give the distance of the line that will be a next point. like that draw the footing inthe shape as per the given diagram based on the measurements.

4.use erase command to remove any junk lines in the diagram.

5.use the dimension (DIMLINEAR) tool to view the specified distance of the object.

6.save the completed the drawing by ctrl + s.

RESULT :

2. C2 : Cross section of isolated footing:

1.open the auto cad software & create a template file in the folder.

2.prepare the drawing sheet as comfotable like you by setting up & start up.

3.enter the line command in the command bar L or polyline PL . specify the first point where can do start the drawing,move the coursor in the direction to the next point ,then give the distance of the line that will be a next point. like that draw the footing inthe shape as per the given diagram based on the measurements.

4.use erase command to remove any junk lines in the diagram.

5.use the dimension (DIMLINEAR) tool to view the specified distance of the object.

6.for copying the objects use copy command CO in the command bar.

7.to move the objects use move command M in the command bar.

8.use Mtext command (T) to create the text any where on the work sace.

9.save the completed the drawing by ctrl + s.

RESULT :

C3 : Line diagram of a two bedroom building :

1.open the auto cad software & create a template file in the folder.

2.prepare the drawing sheet as comfotable as like you by setting up & start up.

3.enter the line command in the command bar L or polyline PL . specify the first point where can do start the drawing,move the coursor in the direction to the next point ,then give the distance of the line that will be a next point. like that draw the footing inthe shape as per the given diagram based on the measurements.

4.use erase command to remove any junk lines in the diagram.

5.use the dimension (DIMLINEAR) tool to view the specified distance of the object.

6.for copying the objects use copy command CO in the command bar.

7.to move the objects use move command M in the command bar.

8.use Mtext command (T) to create the text any where on the work sace.

9.save the completed the drawing by ctrl + s.

RESULT :

4. C4 : Cross section of load bearing wall:

1.open the auto cad software & create a template file in the folder.

2.prepare the drawing sheet as comfotable as like you by setting up & start up.

3.enter the line command in the command bar L or polyline PL . specify the first point where can do start the drawing,move the coursor in the direction to the next point ,then give the distance of the line that will be a next point. like that draw the footing inthe shape as per the given diagram based on the measurements.

4.use erase command to remove any junk lines in the diagram.

5.use the dimension (DIMLINEAR) tool to view the specified distance of the object.

6.save the completed the drawing by ctrl + s.

RESULT :

5.C5 : Isometric view of steps:

1.open the auto cad software & create a template file in the folder.

2.prepare the drawing sheet as comfotable as like you by setting up & start up.

3.swith on the isometric snap to draw the objects in isoplane or isometric view.

• First type DS command, this will lead to dialogue box named drafting settings in that choose the snap and grid option change the snap type to isometric snap.
• Then choose the line command and specify the first point.
• Then by distance entry method input the distance one by one and complete the drawing by swithing the isometric plane right,left,& top.

4.enter the line command in the command bar L or polyline PL . specify the first point where can do start the drawing,move the coursor in the direction to the next point ,then give the distance of the line that will be a next point. like that draw the footing inthe shape as per the given diagram based on the measurements.

5.for copying the objects use copy command CO in the command bar.

6.use erase command to remove any junk lines in the diagram.

7.use the dimension (DIMLINEAR) tool to view the specified distance of the object.

8.save the completed the drawing by ctrl + s.

RESULT :

6.C6 : Isometric view of Gable wall.

1.open the auto cad software & create a template file in the folder.

2.prepare the drawing sheet as comfotable as like you by setting up & start up.

3.swith on the isometric snap to draw the objects in isoplane or isometric view.

• First type DS command, this will lead to dialogue box named drafting settings in that choose the snap and grid option change the snap type to isometric snap.
• Then choose the line command and specify the first point.
• Then by distance entry method input the distance one by one and complete the drawing by swithing the isometric plane right,left,& top.

3.enter the line command in the command bar L or polyline PL . specify the first point where can do start the drawing,move the coursor in the direction to the next point ,then give the distance of the line that will be a next point. like that draw the footing inthe shape as per the given diagram based on the measurements.

4.use erase command to remove any junk lines in the diagram.

5.use the dimension (DIMLINEAR) tool to view the specified distance of the object.

6.save the completed the drawing by ctrl + s.

RESULT :

RESULTS :

• The floor plan, footing detail and isometric views are created by using AutoCAD tools.
• Drawn figures C1 - C6 are uploded in the above like a picture.