Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

Introduction : AutoCad is a software, in that we can draw a 2D and 3D models with some tools. The 2D drawing is converted into 3D based on the views.

1.Aim : To Create a 3D Isometric View of the building with plan and elevation given.

Commands used :

• Units
• Limits
• Layers
• 3d orbit
• 3d face
• Dimlinear
• Line
• Rectangle
• Trim
• Extrude
• Region
• Boundary

Step 1 :

• Create a new AutoCAD file with imperial settings.
• Command D - units type as "Engg" and set the precision also
• Set the limits with command "LIMITS" and enter zoom all.
• Command - UNITS to change the unit option as "Engg" and set the precision.
• Command - Rec, select the dimension option and form a wall of size 10'9"
• Command Offset
• Select the object and through option and specify thre offset distance as 9" as wal thickness
• Command - line, Specify the 1st point and draw the window portion as per the plan given at a length of 3' and 3'2" on both sides
• Command - Dimlinear, mark the dimensions as per the plan.
• Select layer from layer properties and form a layer for the objects and the dimensions.
• Command - Text
• Specify the 1st point and enter the height of text and rotation angle and enter the text given.

Step 2 :

• Select the 3d view option and 2d wireframe

Step 3 :

• Command - BO, Select the wall that needed to be done for boundary except the windows
• Command - Region, select the object and form a region so that it can be extruded as a seperate object.
• Command - Extrude
• Selct the object and specify the extruded height of about 10'
• From the top left corner select the option as Shaded.

Step 4:

• Command - Rec
• Draw a rectangle over the wall for window portion
• Select the Extrude tool and Extrude it to the top with a height of 3' to the sill level
• Similarly create another rectangle at the top
• Extrude it into the below level with a height of 3' from the top

Step 5:

• Command - Rec
• Draw a rectangle over the wall for window portion
• Select the Extrude tool and Extrude it to the top with a height of 3' to the sill level
• Similarly create another rectangle at the top
• Extrude it into the below level with a height of 3' from the top

Result : The 3D Isometric View of the building with plan and elevation given has been created.

**************

2. Aim : Create the 3D View of the Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation

Commands used :

• Units
• Limits
• Layers
• 3d orbit
• 3d face
• Dimlinear
• Line
• Rectangle
• Trim
• Extrude
• Region
• Boundary

Procedure:

Step 1 :

• Create a new AutoCAD file with imperial settings.
• Command D - units type as "Engg" and set the precision also
• Set the limits with command "LIMITS" and enter zoom all.
• Command - UNITS to change the unit option as "Engg" and set the precision.
• Command - Rectangle in the command box
• Create a rectangle of dimensions 10'9" and 6'9"
• Select the Offset tool and give the offset distance as 9"
• Offset the previous rectangle into the inside as shown
• Select the Line tool and create the window on the right side of the wall as shown.

Step 2 :

• Command - BO or Boundary
• Pick the point inside and create the boundary section of the rectangle
• Command - Region or REG in the command box
• Select the Rectangle and press ok to create the region
• Command - Extrude
• Extrude the rectangle at a height of 10'11"
• From the top left corner select the option as Shaded.

Step 3 :

• Command - Rect
• Select the Extrude tool and Extrude into the top at a height of 4'6"
• create another rectangle at the top of the window portion
• Select Extrude tool and Extrude below with a height of 2'5".
• Command - Rec and draw a rectangle of dimension 4'×3' in the Top view
• Select the Offset tool and give offset distance as 2" for the frame, 3" for mullion, and 1.2" for glass
• Offset the rectangle to the inside
• Command - BO, create a region in the frame, mullion, and glass section respectively
• Using Layer Tool, provide appropriate layers as shown in the figure below

Step 4:

• Command - Copy
• Copy the First floor and move it into the desired location for the four floors and place it as required.
• Command - UCS
• Place the UCS on the top surface of the building
• Draw a rectangle with a dimension of 9"×4" at the top level
• Select the Extrude tool and Extrude the rectangle by 4"

Result : The 3D View of the Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation has been created.

*****************

3. Aim : To Create the ismoteric 3d view of a stair with railing as shown in the plan and elevation

Commands used :

• Units
• Limits
• Layers
• 3d orbit
• Line
• Trim
• Extrude
• Region
• 3dpoly
• Sweep
• 3d move

Procedure:

Step 1 :

• Create a new AutoCAD file with imperial settings.
• Command D - units type as "Engg" and set the precision also
• Set the limits with command "LIMITS" and enter zoom all.
• Command - UNITS to change the unit option as "Engg" and set the precision.
• Command - Line, specify the 1st point
• Draw the rise as 6" and tread as 1'
• Continue the same process to form a stairs.

Step 2 :

• Command - Line, specify the 1st point and draw a line of length 3' for the slab
• Draw another line below with the thickness of 4" for the slab
• Join the slab and below tread to form a section of the stairs.

Step 3 :

• Select Default 3D view by using the UCS
• Command - BO to form a boundary and Command - region to create a region
• Command - extrude and Extrude the section to the left side with an extruded height of 3"
• Select the UCS tool by typing UCS in the command box
• Place the UCS icon on the tread to create the handrails
• Command - Circle ,create the circle with a radius of 2" on the tread
• Command - extrude and Extrude the circle with a height of 3'
• Command - Copy, select the object and place the extruded objects on the tread

Step 4 :

• Command - 3D Poly
• Draw the Polyline starting at the point of the first circular column to the last column
• Draw another circle with a radius of 2" parallel to the circular column
• Select the Sweep tool and select the Circle to sweep it into the Polyline to form a handrail
• From the top left corner select the option as Shaded.

Step 5 :

• Command - Mirror in the command box
• Select the handrails and mirror them through the other side

Result : The 3d view of a stair with railing as shown in the plan and elevation has been created.

*****************

4. Aim : To Create the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing

Commands used :

• Units
• Limits
• Layers
• 3d orbit
• 3d face
• Dimlinear
• Line
• Rectangle
• Extend
• Trim
• Extrude
• Region
• Boundary
• Hatch

Step 1 :

• Create a new AutoCAD file with imperial settings.
• Command D - units type as "Engg" and set the precision also
• Set the limits with command "LIMITS" and enter zoom all.
• Command - UNITS to change the unit option as "Engg" and set the precision.
• Go to Top view
• Command - Line
• Draw a vertical line of length 7500mm and 230mm in width
• Draw a center line in the wall and offset 150mm on both sides
• Commnad - Offset and give the offset distance as 25mm
• Select the 300mm line and offset it through outside
• From the center line again give an offset of 300mm and offset it through both sides
• Commnad - Extend, extend the horizontal lines
• Select the Offset tool again and give the offset distance as 3300mm
• Select the horizontal line and offset both sides for the door opening of 900mm

Step 2 :

• Command - Circle create the door opening

Step 3 :

• Select the Hatch tool by typing H or Hatch
• Select Hatch pattern for wall, footing, and for bottom
• Command - Dimlinear option to mark the dimension as per the layout.

Step 4:

• Go to the Default 3D view using the UCS
• Create a profile for the footing step in the 2D plan and copy it through the 3D plan with the help of the Snap tool
• Command - BO and region and pick inside the footing to create the region
• Command - Extrude and Extrude the region by 400mm
• Similarly do the same procedure for the remaining profiles
• To create the top portion of the wall, create the rectangle at the top face
• Select Extrude tool and extrude it to a height of -1050mm
• Command - Union and make the extruded part as the union of the wall.

Result : The 3D view of a Wall with spread footing has been created.

**************