Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls

1.

As the structure becomes stronger, it will shrink, expand and crack more.

In structure A there will be more shrinkage and expansion of the floor, while in structure B and C there will be minimum cracks.

Shear walls in the structure also decide whether the vibration of the floor is more or less in the structure, it will be better to place the column in the corners. To limit cracks instead of shear walls in the corner of the structure.

Torsion in structure C is more compared to structure A and B because there will be eccentricity in structure C.

The redundancy in structure A and B is greater compared to structure C, because in structure C, there will be an eccentricity on the left side where the wall length is 10 meters, which cannot carry the load equally in both directions.

For the transverse stiffness, structure C is laterally stiffer compared to structure A and structure B, because in structure C, there will be an eccentricity on the left side where the length of the wall is 10 meters, which cannot carry the load equally in both directions.


2.
Answer:

In the frame there is bi-directional eccentricity in X direction and in Y direction also with stiffness eccentricity in X direction is more compared to Y direction.

There are only two continuous frames in the structure which are B1 and B2 in the X direction and B9, B10 and B11, B12 in the Y direction and all other beams are broken in the middle of the frame.

The structure will have torsional flexibility. To avoid torsional restraint, it is better to make the dimensions of the room equal in both X and Y directions and place columns at the junction of two walls if possible to better secure the shear wall in a suitable place. .

The fundamental translational mode of vibration is larger than the fundamental torsional mode of vibration.

3
Answer:

The above plan is totally unsuitable for normal areas and also in earthquake prone areas.

In the seismic area, lateral and vertical loads play an important criterion as they help to resist earthquake faults as loads. The resulting material will not merge with the center of mass of the structure, will become eccentric and is not suitable for any type of surface.

In this plan, flat slab is preferred over conventional beam column joint as it provides support to the columns without any beam securing which reduces the weight of the building and also helps in ductility which indirectly helps to maintain the structure in earthquake prone area.

In addition to the flat plate, a wooden structure is also suitable, which reduces the weight of the building and also helps to maintain the structure in earthquake-prone areas.