Understanding and Performing Frequency Analysis Using SolidWorks

Introduction to Frequency Analysis 

Every material has a natural frequency at which it vibrates, even when at rest. In mechanical systems, ensuring that the operating frequency does not match this natural frequency is crucial to prevent resonance. Resonance occurs when the frequency of motion matches the natural frequency, causing the amplitude of vibrations to multiply, potentially leading to structural failure. 

In this part of the CAE Simulation using SolidWorks series, we’ll dive into frequency analysis, exploring mode shapes and resonant frequencies to ensure structural stability. 

What Are Mode Shapes and Resonant Frequencies? 

When a material vibrates at its natural frequency, it exhibits displacements called mode shapes. These shapes depend on: 

• Material properties. 
• Boundary conditions. 
• Applied loads. 

For example, the same material can produce different mode shapes under varying constraints or loads. Understanding mode shapes helps engineers predict how a component behaves under vibrational stress. 

Step-by-Step Setup for a 3D Frequency Analysis 

Follow these steps to perform a 3D frequency analysis in SolidWorks: 

Model Creation: 

• Open SolidWorks and create a new part. 
• Sketch a rectangle with dimensions 50 mm x 25 mm. 
• Extrude the rectangle to a length of 1000 mm to form a beam. 

Simulation Setup: 

• Create a new Frequency Study. 
• Assign Alloy Steel as the material. 
• Apply fixed constraints on both ends of the beam. 
• Mesh the geometry using default settings. 

Run the Simulation: 

• Right-click on the study and click Run. 
• Observe the mode shapes for the first five resonant frequencies: 
• First mode: Vibrates in the Y-direction. 
• Second mode: Vibrates in the X-direction. 
• Subsequent modes: Exhibit nodes and varied vibration patterns. 

1D and 2D Frequency Analysis 

To optimize computational efficiency, SolidWorks allows for 1D and 2D frequency analyses: 

1D Frequency Analysis: 

• Treat the solid part as a beam. 
• Define joints as fixed constraints. 
• Observe similar resonant frequencies as the 3D analysis. 

2D Frequency Analysis: 

• Convert the solid part to a shell using the Shell Manager. 
• Define a shell thickness of 25 mm. 
• Mesh and run the simulation, yielding resonant frequencies identical to the 3D and 1D analyses. 

Inference 

The mode shapes and resonant frequencies vary based on boundary conditions. For instance, a fixed beam produces different mode shapes compared to a cantilever beam. This variability emphasizes the importance of studying multiple configurations. 

Why Choose SolidWorks for Frequency Analysis? 

SolidWorks provides advanced tools for analyzing vibration behavior in components, ensuring reliability in design. From SolidWorks simulation tutorials to CAE fundamentals in SolidWorks, platforms like Skill-Lync Training can guide engineers in mastering these tools. 

This blog is part of our ongoing CAE Simulation using SolidWorks. If you missed the previous posts, check them out here.  

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