Week 4 Session 5

Question: Explain the various applications of Power converters in an Electric vehicle. For Example what type of converter will you use for Horn which requires DC and less than 10V. Likewise come up with different applications

Solutions:

There are various types of converters can be used in EV like,

DC-DC Converter

• DC-DC converter is an electronic circuit that converts DC voltage from one voltage level to another. It can be step up or step down of voltage.
• This type of converter is also known as chopper.
• The electric components inside the vehicle vary in their voltage requirements, with most running on much lower voltage. This includes radio, dashboard readouts, air conditioning, and in-built computers and displays.
• DC-DC converter converts higher voltage DC power from the traction battery pack to the lower-voltage DC power needed to run vehicle accessories and recharge the auxiliary battery.

ii. DC-AC Convetrer

• DC-AC converter change a DC input voltage to a symmetric AC output voltage of desired magnitude and frequency.
• This type of converter is also known as inverter.
• The inverter can change the speed at which the motor rotates by adjusting the frequency of the alternating current.
• When the vehicle has to be accelerated, the accelerator pedal sends a signal to the controller which adjusts the vehicle's speed by changing the frequency of the AC power from the inverter to the motor.

iii. AC-DC Converter

• AC-DC converter takes a harmonic AC input and converts it to a DC output.
• These concerters are also known as rectifiers.
• Inverters are used in HEV mainly for the on-board charging purpose. Since the charging stations use AC power to charge the vehicle and the battery stores DC power, rectifiers are used to convert AC-DC.

For Horn that requires less than 10V uses DC-DC Buck chopper the higher battery volatge is converted into 10V to be used for horn and other accessories.

Different application of power converters are

DC- DC converter for all the vehicle accessories

AC -DC Converter for on board Charging of PHEV and EV's

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