Challenge

Week-4 Challenge WOT Condition Part-2

DDarshan S20 Sept 2021

1) What is the difference between mapped and dynamic model of engine, motor and generator? How can you change model type?

Sln.

Mapped Engine:

* It is used of steady state lookup tables to characterize the engine performance The tables provide overall engine characteristics. including actual torque, fuel flow rate and engine out exhaust emissions.

* Most of components are modelled by steady state maps and charts in backward facing modelling approach therefore therefore energy consumption and performance of different components during transient periods of drive are not calculated correctly.

* It is suitable for analysis and design activities that do not require engine subsystem dynamic characteristics.

Block Diagram:-

Dynamic Engine:

* It decomposes the engine behaviour into engine charcteristics that are seperated into lower components by combining the components the model may capture dymanic effects.

* This model are suitable for designing control estimator & diagnostic algorithim that depend on dynamic subsystem.

* It demands for torque, current and voltage which has been compared with actual variables of the system & with the help of controllers error may occured due to minimization of desirable performance

Block diagram:-

2) How does the model calculate miles per gallon? Which factors are considered to model fuel flow

Sln. Kilowatt hours is the standard energy unit or electricity in simplified terms if an electric vehicle can travel 100 miles on 33.7 Kwh of electricity the EPA rated it at 100 MPGe, As you can see, this would be a very efficient vehicle because a gas car would have to travel 100 miles per gallon to be equivalent. One gallon of fule is 3.785 litres of gasoline.

Block diagram:-

* The above block diagram represents the powertrain blockset of the EV Vehicle to calculate the miles per gallon Given input parameters are fuel flow, vehicle speed and battery power to find the fuel efficiency of the vehicle

* Distance is calculated by intergrating the vehicle speed with respect to time and converted into miles

* Battery power is consumed by which the total distance is covered & converting from watt into kw.

* The volume flow rate of fuel is expressed & converted into the gallons & intergrated with respect to time for calculating the volume of fuel

Thus miles per Gallon is calculated for the performance of the fuel economy of the car or commercial vehcle, in simple terms if your car performs at 40mpg it means that on average you will be able to drive 40 miles on every gallon of petrol that you put in the tank.

Factors which are to be considered for the model fuel flow

* The cost of acquring and using the fuel for each specific situation

* The energy content of the fuel type being considered

* The availability of the type of fuel source wanted

3) Run the HEV ReferenceApplication with WOT drive cycle. Change the grade and wind velocity in the environment block. Comment on the results.

Sln.

HEV are powered by an inernal combustion engine in combination with one or more electric motors that use energy stored in batteries, HEV combine the benefits of high fuel economy and low tailpipe emissions withe the power and range of conventional vehicles.

Power train Configuration:

Once the model is selected with WOT drive cycle, We run the simulation where the input parameters are feeded into the drive cycle.

PLOTS:-

Change the grade and wind velocity in the environment block.

PLOTS:

4) Keeping all other parameters same, compare the simulated results of hybrid and pure electric powertrains.

Pure Electric vehicle:

A BEV, pure electric vehicle only electric vehicle or all the electric vehcile is type of electric vehicle that exculsively uses chemical energy stored in rechargable battery packs, with no secondary source of propulsion

Power train configuration:-