Week 3 Sheet metal Bending challenge

Aim: To study and perform structural analysis on a Sheet Metal with different material and frictional coefficient .Grid dependency test was also performed to optimize the element size for better accuracy

Case 1: Aluminium Alloy 1199,Copper Alloy NL and Magnesium Alloy NL.

Case 2: With the material as Aluminium Alloy, change the friction coefficient to 0.19

Case 3: with Aluminium alloy as material, changing the mesh size

Importing the material into space claim we check for any errors before proceeding to setup the simulation.

The analysis will be conducted for 3 different materials:

Aluminium 1199

Copper Alloy Non-Linear

Magnesium Alloy Non-Linear.

Contact Region

We re-select the desired contact surfaces throughout the entire motion of the system; Between the Workpiece and the Punch and between the Die and the workpiece.

The coefficient of friction for case 1 is 0.1 and 0.19 for case 2.

Mesh

We use a body size mesh of 4mm for the punch and die and 1mm for the workpiece. We further use face sizing on the contact regions of 1mm.

Analysis Settings

The simulation is divided into 10 steps and solved using direct solver controls with augmented lagrange formulation at the contacts.

Large deflection is on and stabilization of the non linear control is constant with energy dissipation ratio equal to 0.1.

The entire system experiences displacement only along the y-axis with a max displacement of the punch equal to -13.5mm, max displacement of die equal to -3mm.

Results

Case 1:

Aluminium Alloy 1199 has the max stress generated and maximum stress developed while Magnesium Alloy has the lowest in both.

Copper Alloy experiences maximum deformation and again Magnesium Alloy experiences the least.

Entire Results For:

Al 1199

Equivalent Strain

0.2 1.9711e-012 8.8183e-004 9.4341e-005

0.4 3.2442e-012 1.7649e-003 1.8833e-004

0.7 6.1294e-012 2.9517e-003 3.201e-004

1. 7.8539e-012 2.9183e-003 3.5622e-004

1.2 9.0869e-012 2.8881e-003 3.6796e-004

1.4 9.0825e-012 2.9535e-003 3.7175e-004

1.7 9.1068e-012 2.881e-003 3.7735e-004

2. 9.1167e-012 2.9094e-003 3.8031e-004

2.2 1.0391e-011 2.9357e-003 3.844e-004

2.4 1.0397e-011 2.9583e-003 3.8722e-004

2.7 1.0388e-011 2.9284e-003 3.9088e-004

3. 1.0368e-011 2.857e-003 3.95e-004

3.2 1.0992e-011 2.8446e-003 4.0164e-004

3.4 1.0991e-011 2.8577e-003 4.108e-004

3.7 1.0738e-011 2.9188e-003 4.249e-004

4. 1.0897e-011 2.8409e-003 4.42e-004

4.2 1.1252e-011 2.829e-003 4.5507e-004

4.4 1.1095e-011 3.0622e-003 4.6991e-004

4.55 1.1503e-011 2.9727e-003 4.7861e-004

4.7 1.1279e-011 2.766e-003 4.9067e-004

4.925 1.1484e-011 2.8676e-003 5.0627e-004

5. 1.1296e-011 2.7747e-003 5.1222e-004

5.2 9.862e-012 2.9152e-003 5.2887e-004

5.4 9.8285e-012 2.9235e-003 5.4062e-004

5.55 9.8407e-012 2.9342e-003 5.5322e-004

5.7 9.7973e-012 2.8167e-003 5.6498e-004

5.925 9.9594e-012 3.0127e-003 5.8249e-004

6. 9.6335e-012 2.9561e-003 5.8832e-004

6.2 8.2528e-012 2.8703e-003 5.9842e-004

6.4 8.2841e-012 2.9569e-003 6.0513e-004

6.7 8.2817e-012 2.9735e-003 6.1739e-004

7. 8.1755e-012 2.8389e-003 6.2608e-004

7.2 4.4977e-012 2.2592e-003 5.1403e-004

7.4 4.2864e-012 2.0843e-003 4.0693e-004

7.7 3.4478e-012 1.8577e-003 2.5293e-004

8. 2.2012e-012 1.674e-003 1.7511e-004

8.2 3.6204e-015 1.6014e-003 1.6569e-004

8.4 1.3751e-013 0.49671 9.5669e-003

8.7 1.375e-013 0.95897 1.5942e-002

9. 1.3747e-013 1.2794 1.9814e-002

9.2 4.0087e-015 5.192e-002 2.8312e-004

9.4 1.3743e-013 0.47308 9.576e-003

9.7 1.3739e-013 0.92706 1.5954e-002

10. 1.3742e-013 1.2464 1.9832e-002

Equivalent Strain

0.2 3.9422e-007 54.67 4.8449

0.4 6.4884e-007 109.42 9.6721

0.7 1.2259e-006 182.91 16.172

1. 1.5708e-006 180.57 17.49

1.2 1.8174e-006 178.77 17.811

1.4 1.8165e-006 182.34 17.899

1.7 1.8214e-006 177.48 18.049

2. 1.8233e-006 179.94 18.101

2.2 2.0782e-006 181.25 18.212

2.4 2.0795e-006 183.19 18.31

2.7 2.0776e-006 180.38 18.403

3. 2.0736e-006 175.73 18.54

3.2 2.1984e-006 176.07 18.753

3.4 2.1982e-006 176.73 19.109

3.7 2.1476e-006 179.07 19.626

4. 2.1795e-006 175.46 20.29

4.2 2.2504e-006 175.01 20.819

4.4 2.219e-006 189.02 21.418

4.55 2.3006e-006 183.2 21.766

4.7 2.2558e-006 171.38 22.264

4.925 2.2968e-006 177.05 22.884

5. 2.2593e-006 170.91 23.126

5.2 1.9724e-006 179.01 23.845

5.4 1.9657e-006 180.68 24.302

5.55 1.9681e-006 181.09 24.839

5.7 1.9595e-006 174.19 25.315

5.925 1.9919e-006 186.06 26.061

6. 1.9267e-006 182.55 26.312

6.2 1.6506e-006 177. 26.751

6.4 1.6568e-006 182.25 27.035

6.7 1.6563e-006 184.05 27.557

7. 1.6351e-006 175.59 27.93

7.2 8.9954e-007 139.03 22.392

7.4 8.5728e-007 113.76 17.124

7.7 6.8956e-007 74.06 9.4008

8. 3.7097e-007 48.683 4.6994

8.2 2.6959e-010 57.744 3.9947

8.4 2.7501e-008 99222 1766.1

8.7 2.75e-008 1.9159e+005 2959.5

9. 2.7494e-008 2.5566e+005 3678.8

9.2 2.6868e-010 10252 22.696

9.4 2.7485e-008 94411 1767.7

9.7 2.7477e-008 1.8518e+005 2961.4

10. 2.7483e-008 2.4904e+005 3681.8

Deformation

0.2 -0.1 8.1909e-002 -3.1815e-002

0.4 -0.2 0.1636 -6.3705e-002

0.7 -0.35 0.28625 -0.11128

1. -0.5 0.3946 -0.15779

1.2 -0.7 0.52456 -0.21935

1.4 -0.90032 0.65142 -0.28065

1.7 -1.2033 0.84419 -0.37284

2. -1.5059 1.0358 -0.46532

2.2 -1.8087 1.2274 -0.55844

2.4 -2.1108 1.4136 -0.65207

2.7 -2.5641 1.6885 -0.79429

3. -3.0175 1.9534 -0.93903

3.2 -3.6221 2.2882 -1.1373

3.4 -4.2279 2.5985 -1.3438

3.7 -5.1434 3.0149 -1.6723

4. -6.0651 3.348 -2.0258

4.2 -6.6903 3.5091 -2.2771

4.4 -7.3038 3.6178 -2.5405

4.55 -7.767 3.6657 -2.7461

4.7 -8.2277 3.6836 -2.9584

4.925 -8.9214 3.6502 -3.2894

5. -9.152 3.6237 -3.4029

5.2 -9.7906 3.5193 -3.7164

5.4 -10.401 3.3652 -4.0352

5.55 -10.859 3.218 -4.2805

5.7 -11.318 3.0462 -4.5305

5.925 -12.006 2.7453 -4.9135

6. -12.235 2.6342 -5.043

6.2 -12.563 2.48 -5.2223

6.4 -12.864 2.3146 -5.3968

6.7 -13.321 2.053 -5.6625

7. -13.78 1.7755 -5.9313

7.2 -13.464 1.9681 -5.7492

7.4 -13.141 2.1576 -5.5668

7.7 -12.655 2.4239 -5.2958

8. -12.285 2.6065 -5.0692

8.2 -12.446 2.2641 -5.1693

8.4 -12.477 2.2008 -5.1785

8.7 -12.476 2.2074 -5.1922

9. -12.476 2.2074 -5.2124

9.2 -12.476 2.2074 -5.28

9.4 -12.476 2.2074 -5.2762

9.7 -12.476 2.2074 -5.2897

10. -12.476 2.2074 -5.3099

Cu Alloy

Equivalent Strain

0.2 3.5305e-012 8.7489e-004 9.3835e-005

0.4 5.8047e-012 1.7555e-003 1.8713e-004

0.7 1.1111e-011 2.9844e-003 3.2795e-004

1. 1.5143e-011 3.3758e-003 3.9457e-004

1.2 1.8214e-011 3.3474e-003 4.156e-004

1.4 1.8201e-011 3.3728e-003 4.2325e-004

1.7 1.8231e-011 3.3067e-003 4.3331e-004

2. 1.8361e-011 3.351e-003 4.4011e-004

2.2 2.1677e-011 3.393e-003 4.4723e-004

2.4 2.1675e-011 3.1842e-003 4.5192e-004

2.7 2.1665e-011 3.3038e-003 4.6093e-004

3. 2.1639e-011 3.2737e-003 4.6866e-004

3.2 2.3811e-011 3.2371e-003 4.7943e-004

3.4 2.3747e-011 3.3363e-003 4.9016e-004

3.7 2.3604e-011 3.3854e-003 5.0914e-004

4. 2.3743e-011 3.4259e-003 5.3196e-004

4.2 2.4245e-011 3.5487e-003 5.4878e-004

4.4 2.3345e-011 3.4577e-003 5.6451e-004

4.7 2.4206e-011 3.4688e-003 5.917e-004

4.805 2.4375e-011 3.4705e-003 6.0158e-004

4.91 2.5061e-011 3.4721e-003 6.0937e-004

5. 2.4825e-011 3.4732e-003 6.1863e-004

5.2 2.1414e-011 3.4808e-003 6.3757e-004

5.4 2.1291e-011 3.4712e-003 6.5528e-004

5.7 2.1123e-011 3.4704e-003 6.8361e-004

6. 2.0773e-011 3.4696e-003 7.1232e-004

6.2 1.8216e-011 3.4897e-003 7.2392e-004

6.4 1.814e-011 3.4617e-003 7.33e-004

6.7 1.8116e-011 3.4643e-003 7.4709e-004

7. 1.7802e-011 3.4703e-003 7.3433e-004

7.2 1.0651e-011 3.01e-003 6.4435e-004

7.4 1.033e-011 2.571e-003 5.4033e-004

7.7 8.462e-012 2.2426e-003 3.8539e-004

8. 5.7153e-012 2.0088e-003 2.4699e-004

8.2 1.3725e-016 1.7869e-003 1.9291e-004

8.4 7.0006e-013 0.44345 1.0361e-002

8.7 7.0003e-013 0.82321 1.6828e-002

9. 7.0009e-013 1.0649 2.0476e-002

9.2 2.5022e-014 3.0201e-002 2.8021e-004

9.4 7.0012e-013 0.42771 1.0369e-002

9.7 7.0014e-013 0.80439 1.6838e-002

10. 7.0019e-013 1.0463 2.049e-002

Equivalent Stress

0.2 7.061e-007 96.234 8.5346

0.4 1.1609e-006 193.1 17.023

0.7 2.2222e-006 328.24 29.707

1. 3.0286e-006 371.24 34.58

1.2 3.6427e-006 367.41 35.755

1.4 3.6402e-006 369.58 36.127

1.7 3.6461e-006 362.58 36.688

2. 3.6722e-006 368.29 37.081

2.2 4.3355e-006 371.54 37.479

2.4 4.335e-006 350.19 37.777

2.7 4.3331e-006 361.91 38.365

3. 4.3278e-006 359.03 38.845

3.2 4.7623e-006 353.13 39.506

3.4 4.7494e-006 364.37 40.292

3.7 4.7207e-006 370.57 41.595

4. 4.7486e-006 373.82 43.229

4.2 4.849e-006 388.7 44.433

4.4 4.6689e-006 376.52 45.596

4.7 4.8412e-006 377.53 47.56

4.805 4.875e-006 377.62 48.31

4.91 5.0121e-006 377.74 48.879

5. 4.9651e-006 377.81 49.577

5.2 4.2828e-006 378.79 50.957

5.4 4.2583e-006 379.42 52.301

5.7 4.2245e-006 380.24 54.44

6. 4.1547e-006 380.84 56.607

6.2 3.6432e-006 381.82 57.535

6.4 3.628e-006 379.1 58.262

6.7 3.6231e-006 380.68 59.332

7. 3.5604e-006 381.31 58.175

7.2 2.1302e-006 330.72 50.289

7.4 2.066e-006 281.53 41.25

7.7 1.6924e-006 204.84 27.728

8. 1.1431e-006 129.84 14.965

8.2 1.634e-011 118.19 8.3958

8.4 1.3699e-007 88593 1929.8

8.7 1.3698e-007 1.6448e+005 3159.1

9. 1.3698e-007 2.128e+005 3849.2

9.2 4.7543e-009 5992. 22.704

9.4 1.3699e-007 85426 1931.3

9.7 1.3699e-007 1.6071e+005 3160.9

10. 1.37e-007 2.0906e+005 3851.8

Deformation

0.2 -0.1 8.0433e-002 -3.192e-002

0.4 -0.2 0.16028 -6.4004e-002

0.7 -0.35 0.28363 -0.11178

1. -0.5 0.39851 -0.15847

1.2 -0.7 0.53247 -0.22025

1.4 -0.9 0.66099 -0.28168

1.7 -1.2 0.85669 -0.374

2. -1.5015 1.0515 -0.46669

2.2 -1.8037 1.2472 -0.56012

2.4 -2.1051 1.4374 -0.654

2.7 -2.5579 1.7193 -0.79673

3. -3.0106 1.991 -0.94215

3.2 -3.6144 2.3346 -1.1415

3.4 -4.2174 2.6428 -1.3477

3.7 -5.1225 3.0506 -1.6749

4. -6.0286 3.3766 -2.027

4.2 -6.6352 3.5358 -2.2763

4.4 -7.2424 3.6365 -2.5381

4.7 -8.1535 3.6955 -2.9533

4.805 -8.4719 3.6873 -3.1048

4.91 -8.7907 3.6621 -3.2596

5. -9.0639 3.6297 -3.3945

5.2 -9.6763 3.5199 -3.7029

5.4 -10.282 3.359 -4.0196

5.7 -11.191 3.0332 -4.5122

6. -12.099 2.6147 -5.0213

6.2 -12.415 2.4589 -5.1967

6.4 -12.716 2.2918 -5.3708

6.7 -13.169 2.0277 -5.6349

7. -13.624 1.7447 -5.9009

7.2 -13.311 1.9381 -5.7214

7.4 -12.997 2.1238 -5.5424

7.7 -12.527 2.3854 -5.2772

8. -12.061 2.6266 -5.0169

8.2 -11.662 2.8011 -4.9011

8.4 -11.661 2.7994 -4.8958

8.7 -11.662 2.8052 -4.9078

9. -11.662 2.8052 -4.9279

9.2 -11.662 2.8051 -4.9986

9.4 -11.662 2.8051 -4.9927

9.7 -11.662 2.8051 -5.0053

10. -11.662 2.8051 -5.0255

Mg Alloy

Equivalent Strain

0.2 1.4502e-012 8.9289e-004 9.5376e-005

0.4 2.3883e-012 1.7865e-003 1.9042e-004

0.7 4.632e-012 3.1481e-003 3.3441e-004

1. 7.11e-012 4.5429e-003 4.8179e-004

1.2 1.0991e-011 5.5411e-003 6.3286e-004

1.4 1.1099e-011 5.5176e-003 6.6821e-004

1.7 1.1676e-011 5.6197e-003 7.0089e-004

2. 1.247e-011 5.4565e-003 7.1986e-004

2.2 1.4595e-011 5.6541e-003 7.4023e-004

2.4 1.4603e-011 5.5978e-003 7.4704e-004

2.7 1.4581e-011 5.3613e-003 7.6264e-004

3. 1.4556e-011 5.6343e-003 7.7976e-004

3.2 1.6278e-011 5.4591e-003 8.0184e-004

3.4 1.6249e-011 5.6272e-003 8.1812e-004

3.7 1.6171e-011 5.8296e-003 8.5146e-004

4. 1.6206e-011 5.9269e-003 8.8847e-004

4.2 1.6651e-011 5.9592e-003 9.2009e-004

4.4 1.6045e-011 5.9891e-003 9.458e-004

4.7 1.6632e-011 6.0113e-003 9.9145e-004

5. 1.7048e-011 6.0209e-003 1.0372e-003

5.2 1.4507e-011 6.0333e-003 1.0695e-003

5.4 1.4483e-011 6.0307e-003 1.1007e-003

5.7 1.4369e-011 6.0364e-003 1.1481e-003

6. 1.4279e-011 6.0383e-003 1.1988e-003

6.2 1.2465e-011 6.0508e-003 1.2159e-003

6.4 1.2513e-011 6.0314e-003 1.2292e-003

6.7 1.2399e-011 6.0378e-003 1.2491e-003

7. 1.3479e-011 6.0456e-003 1.1038e-003

7.2 7.928e-012 5.3496e-003 1.104e-003

7.4 7.833e-012 4.8775e-003 1.0006e-003

7.7 7.6759e-012 4.1234e-003 8.3809e-004

8. 7.0542e-012 3.7774e-003 6.725e-004

8.2 2.8678e-012 3.3234e-003 4.2534e-004

8.4 6.0173e-008 0.38047 1.2338e-002

8.7 8.3642e-013 0.674 1.9651e-002

9. 8.362e-013 0.84579 2.3599e-002

9.2 3.8076e-014 1.4641e-002 3.591e-004

9.27 8.3619e-013 0.17894 6.9833e-003

9.34 8.362e-013 0.31601 1.1031e-002

9.445 8.362e-013 0.46812 1.5044e-002

9.6025 8.362e-013 0.63055 1.8959e-002

9.8388 8.3615e-013 0.78913 2.2558e-002

10. 8.3613e-013 0.86954 2.4342e-002

Equivalent Stress

0.2 2.9003e-007 40.178 3.5577

0.4 4.7767e-007 80.391 7.103

0.7 9.2639e-007 141.66 12.476

1. 1.422e-006 204.42 17.977

1.2 2.1982e-006 249.15 23.074

1.4 2.2197e-006 247.94 23.897

1.7 2.3352e-006 252.33 24.707

2. 2.4941e-006 244.54 25.152

2.2 2.919e-006 254.25 25.708

2.4 2.9205e-006 251.04 25.855

2.7 2.9161e-006 240.88 26.25

3. 2.9113e-006 252.78 26.738

3.2 3.2556e-006 244.84 27.319

3.4 3.2499e-006 252.52 27.784

3.7 3.2342e-006 261.3 28.742

4. 3.2413e-006 265.22 29.83

4.2 3.3303e-006 266.27 30.771

4.4 3.2089e-006 267.29 31.561

4.7 3.3264e-006 267.98 32.936

5. 3.4096e-006 268.2 34.337

5.2 2.9013e-006 268.79 35.29

5.4 2.8965e-006 268.91 36.296

5.7 2.8738e-006 269.89 37.766

6. 2.8559e-006 270.4 39.357

6.2 2.493e-006 270.78 39.886

6.4 2.5026e-006 270.83 40.331

6.7 2.4798e-006 270.99 40.964

7. 2.6957e-006 271.36 35.789

7.2 1.5856e-006 239.35 35.729

7.4 1.5666e-006 218.49 32.044

7.7 1.5352e-006 184.26 26.27

8. 1.4108e-006 150.29 20.376

8.2 5.7357e-007 100.96 11.333

8.4 1.2029e-002 76018 2256.9

8.7 1.6728e-007 1.3469e+005 3678.

9. 1.6724e-007 1.6903e+005 4446.1

9.2 7.1166e-009 2906.5 14.45

9.27 1.6724e-007 35737 1250.8

9.34 1.6724e-007 63130 2025.4

9.445 1.6724e-007 93531 2797.7

9.6025 1.6724e-007 1.26e+005 3552.5

9.8388 1.6723e-007 1.577e+005 4247.

10. 1.6723e-007 1.7378e+005 4591.5

Deformation

0.2 -0.1 8.1955e-002 -3.1804e-002

0.4 -0.2 0.16371 -6.3678e-002

0.7 -0.35 0.28885 -0.11132

1. -0.5 0.41876 -0.1584

1.2 -0.7 0.58182 -0.22068

1.4 -0.9 0.72395 -0.2824

1.7 -1.2 0.92813 -0.37471

2. -1.5 1.1259 -0.46737

2.2 -1.8011 1.325 -0.56072

2.4 -2.1023 1.5157 -0.65452

2.7 -2.5548 1.7992 -0.79723

3. -3.0074 2.073 -0.94271

3.2 -3.611 2.4188 -1.1423

3.4 -4.214 2.7268 -1.3487

3.7 -5.1186 3.129 -1.676

4. -6.0228 3.4438 -2.0277

4.2 -6.6263 3.5998 -2.2771

4.4 -7.2313 3.6949 -2.5386

4.7 -8.1388 3.7455 -2.9535

5. -9.0462 3.6726 -3.3947

5.2 -9.6549 3.5597 -3.7027

5.4 -10.259 3.3944 -4.0194

5.7 -11.167 3.0616 -4.5118

6. -12.074 2.6377 -5.021

6.2 -12.383 2.478 -5.1952

6.4 -12.684 2.3099 -5.3693

6.7 -13.138 2.0423 -5.6332

7. -13.598 1.7391 -5.8964

7.2 -13.28 1.9524 -5.7187

7.4 -12.969 2.1383 -5.5405

7.7 -12.503 2.3999 -5.2763

8. -12.04 2.6395 -5.0168

8.2 -11.629 2.6649 -4.9232

8.4 -11.668 2.5836 -4.9342

8.7 -11.475 2.5797 -4.8946

9. -11.459 2.435 -4.9353

9.2 -12.386 1.4834 -5.4243

9.27 -12.389 1.4808 -5.4174

9.34 -12.39 1.4851 -5.4138

9.445 -12.391 1.4856 -5.413

9.6025 -12.391 1.4857 -5.4173

9.8388 -12.391 1.4857 -5.43

10. -12.391 1.4857 -5.4405

Case 2

The Frictional Coefficient will have an impact on the force required and ideally we require this value to be as low as possible

Force reaction

For 0.1 Coefficient

0.2 -1.7891e-004 -16.345 -1.4888e-003 16.345

0.4 6.8868e-003 -33.62 -1.072e-002 33.62

0.7 5.3605e-002 -57.22 -1.9024e-002 57.22

1. 0.14541 -66.796 -2.5396e-002 66.796

1.2 0.17201 -69.257 -2.2793e-002 69.257

1.4 0.23611 -78.993 -1.2057e-002 78.994

1.7 4.2309e-002 -80.603 4.2032e-003 80.603

2. 3.0252e-002 -81.711 2.5185e-002 81.711

2.2 3.4642e-002 -74.157 5.2882e-002 74.157

2.4 5.8588e-002 -83.504 9.2375e-002 83.504

2.7 1.4262e-002 -84.394 0.1452 84.394

3. -3.9024e-003 -85.01 0.17903 85.01

3.2 -3.0586e-002 -76.774 0.12017 76.774

3.4 -2.8413e-002 -86.497 -7.7235e-003 86.497

3.7 -0.2589 -87.353 6.7134e-002 87.354

4. -0.37893 -87.17 0.13796 87.171

4.2 -0.14827 -76.392 0.13492 76.392

4.4 -0.36752 -86.503 8.8364e-002 86.504

4.55 -0.57127 -85.183 4.7531e-002 85.185

4.7 -0.52447 -83.699 2.3619e-002 83.7

4.925 -0.7003 -80.938 1.4599e-002 80.941

5. -0.56355 -79.961 3.6747e-002 79.963

5.2 -0.6154 -65.104 4.6809e-002 65.107

5.4 -0.68949 -72.047 1.3725e-002 72.05

5.55 -0.68209 -69.913 -1.6211e-002 69.916

5.7 -0.7275 -67.587 2.7541e-002 67.591

5.925 -0.94744 -64.153 -2.5234e-002 64.16

6. -1.0386 -63.082 -2.1351e-003 63.09

6.2 -0.88672 -51.196 -1.852e-002 51.204

6.4 -0.81215 -57.868 -1.9309e-002 57.873

6.7 -0.85856 -55.808 -3.2109e-002 55.814

7. -0.92716 -53.977 -5.9824e-002 53.985

7.2 -0.50462 -26.782 -2.9794e-002 26.787

7.4 -0.2961 -16.669 -1.9539e-003 16.672

7.7 -0.32162 -7.4967 -5.4935e-003 7.5036

8. 1.9179e-003 2.1335e-003 1.052e-005 2.8688e-003

8.2 2.6278e-011 -2.6279e-011 1.9939e-010 2.0283e-010

8.4 7.0795e-011 4.0315e-004 -4.7774e-011 4.0315e-004

8.7 2.4372e-010 4.0315e-004 9.132e-011 4.0315e-004

9. -1.7803e-010 4.0315e-004 -1.1029e-010 4.0315e-004

9.2 -1.3266e-010 2.2328e-010 -2.7404e-011 2.6116e-010

9.4 3.1549e-011 4.0315e-004 -1.3938e-010 4.0315e-004

9.7 -2.6911e-010 4.0315e-004 -1.3382e-010 4.0315e-004

10. -1.5189e-011 4.0315e-004 -7.6052e-011 4.0315e-004

For 0.19 Coefficient

0.2 4.0209e-004 -16.384 -2.6359e-003 16.384

0.4 1.2269e-002 -33.699 -1.835e-002 33.699

0.7 9.4478e-002 -57.308 -3.1082e-002 57.308

1. 0.26871 -66.813 -4.3752e-002 66.813

1.2 0.30272 -69.226 -4.1132e-002 69.227

1.4 0.38608 -79.022 -2.2254e-002 79.023

1.7 3.0599e-002 -80.95 9.7954e-003 80.95

2. 2.3407e-002 -82.237 5.0322e-002 82.237

2.2 3.6216e-002 -74.863 0.10166 74.863

2.4 8.1136e-002 -84.383 0.17508 84.383

2.7 2.2405e-002 -85.54 0.27629 85.54

3. 2.1892e-002 -86.423 0.32976 86.423

3.2 -1.0031e-002 -78.576 0.22559 78.576

3.4 1.9058e-002 -88.728 -1.1718e-002 88.728

3.7 -0.2574 -90.285 0.10971 90.285

4. -0.2789 -90.816 0.26688 90.817

4.2 -0.14364 -80.478 0.2345 80.478

4.4 -0.23839 -91.788 0.17794 91.788

4.55 -0.48429 -90.727 0.12961 90.728

4.7 -0.42154 -89.467 0.10126 89.468

4.925 -0.60499 -87.057 3.4607e-002 87.059

5. -0.52363 -86.047 5.1912e-002 86.048

5.2 -0.45157 -70.72 -2.2467e-002 70.721

5.4 -0.55323 -80.076 3.6956e-002 80.078

5.505 -0.77257 -78.513 3.5672e-002 78.517

5.61 -0.71213 -77.031 8.107e-003 77.034

5.7675 -0.69396 -74.713 -1.4332e-002 74.716

6. -0.83033 -71.298 5.4659e-003 71.303

6.2 -1.0614 -57.204 -3.8303e-002 57.214

6.4 -1.0251 -64.845 -6.7567e-002 64.853

6.7 -0.99665 -62.661 -0.11376 62.669

7. -0.84089 -61.218 -0.13442 61.224

7.2 -0.41969 -21.903 -9.2512e-002 21.907

7.4 -5.83e-002 -12.527 -6.7539e-002 12.528

7.6 0.13808 -7.7927 -1.4005e-002 7.794

7.9 0.42754 0.36133 1.119e-002 0.55989

8. 1.323e-009 2.6464e-004 -5.3939e-011 2.6464e-004

8.2 9.5264e-011 -1.2708e-010 -1.2519e-010 2.0223e-010

8.4 1.0322e-010 3.5285e-004 -2.2957e-010 3.5285e-004

8.7 -1.3445e-010 3.5285e-004 7.385e-011 3.5285e-004

9. 6.4353e-011 3.5285e-004 -2.0254e-011 3.5285e-004

9.2 1.3189e-011 -1.7329e-010 1.2581e-010 2.1455e-010

9.4 1.1846e-011 3.5285e-004 5.8743e-011 3.5285e-004

9.7 -1.8558e-010 3.5285e-004 -2.4572e-010 3.5285e-004

10. -1.2795e-011 3.5285e-004 -1.5968e-010 3.5285e-004

Case 3

Changing the Mesh size will cause a change in the accuracy of the results generated.

The lower the mesh size the higher the accuracy but increases the number of elements and nodes

Statistics for Default Mesh Size

Statistics for 2.5mm Mesh size

There is a noticeable difference in the results obtained for Strain and Stress and a 0.17 mm difference in deformation observed