Week 2 Challenge
1. 1. How will you assign Circular section to column?
2. How will you assign Unit system to a .std model file?
3. What are the parameters to be specified while using “Bay Frame” option?
4. Name few codal standards incorporated in STAAD Pro software.
5. How will you specify the design compressive strength for a RCC section?
ANS
1.1. How will you assign Circular section to column?
AIM: To assign circular section to column
TOOL AND COMMAND:
- Geometry
- Property
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Open Staad pro:
- First open the staad.pro software and fill all the project details as per required.
- Then select the model as analytical and select unit system as Metric.
Step 2: To Draw Geometry:
- After that New workspace will be loaded.
- There are two methods to draw the geometry
1) By using nodes
2) By using grid
Here i am using node method
By using nodes
- Right click - select cursor - and choose nodes cursor
- Click on nodes tab in 1,X and put value (0,0,0)
- We get origin node
- Repeat this procedure for node 2 put value (0,5,0). We get 2nd node
- For Draw beam- Right click - select cursor - and choose beam cursor
- Select add beam from geomerty tab
- Join these two nodes
- we draw column
Step 3: To Apply Properties:
- Click on properties tab which is 2nd stage
- Click on define
- Select Circular and provide column size is 0.25
- Choose material as concrete b/c it is rcc column - Add it by clicking on add - close tab
- Select section provide assignment method as "Assign to selected beam" - assign - yes
- Go to view tab select 3D rendering we get a 3D result
RESULTS: Circular section is apply to column
1.2. How will you assign Unit system to a .std model file?
ANS:
-We can assign the unit at the begining stage itself while creating the model we have a option to choose the englsih or metric units. This is the first option to assign the units
- 2nd option is Select imperical units from geometry tab change units
- First of all, even if we have modeled in metric units, we can still get the data displayed in imperial units.
- To do that, we just need to:
- Go to View - Display Option and set appropriate units for Structure Units, Section Units, Force Units etc. as needed.
- The model data will then be displayed graphically in those units.
- Also to ensure that any data going forward is entered in imperial units, we can:
- Go to Tools > Set Current Input Units and set the Length and Force units appropriately.
1.3. What are the parameters to be specified while using “Bay Frame” option?
ANS:
- To create the parameter of the design by Bay frame
- By clicking on the structural wizard option under Geometry tab
- Click frame model from model typle and then select bay frame drag it on wrokspace sheet
- Enter the parameters like length, breadth, height, No of bays along height, No. of bays along length, No of bays along width
1.4. Name few codal standards incorporated in STAAD Pro software.
ANS:
- From design stage
-Click on Analysis and Design Tab
-Go to Design Commands
- Select the required Material i.e. concrete, steel, aluminium
- Design-Whole Structure dialogue box opens
- Select the required Code.
If you select material- Concrete Steel
- There are following few codal standards incorporated in STAAD Pro software
* Euro codes
* IS codes
* BS codes
* American codes
* ACI codes
* ASCE codes
* CAN/CSA codes
- Indian Codal standards are:
* For Concrete-IS 456-2000
* Ductiled design and detail of reinforced concrete desiign -IS 13920-2016
*For Seismic - IS 875-1987, IS 1893-2016
*For steel - IS 800-2007
1.5. How will you specify the design compressive strength for a RCC section?
ANS:
- Click on Design tab
- Select the concrete Material
- Select IS code then click on Define Parameters
- Then select the compressive strength of the concrete, The compressive strength of concrete notation is Fc
- Enter the value into the tab
- For Ex:- If we want to assign the compressive strength as M-40 then give the 40000KN/m^2 value
- After assigning the value click on add then click on close
2. 1. State the “Input” steps involved in RCC design.
2. Explain the difference between Fixed and Enforced support condition in STAADPro.
ANS
2.1. State the “Input” steps involved in RCC design.
ANS
i) Geometry - The node location and the node spacing are given
ii) Properties - Specify the sectional properties of the section and choose the material as concrete.
iii) Specifiacation - If there are any specification required fro design then provide it
iv) Input Section / Constant / Supports - The end support are to be given as per necessity.
v) Loads and Combination - Need to provide the loading pattern and the loading combination
vi) Design Standards - Select the codes and parameters which you need to design. I will select IS-456. Then select characteristic compressive strength, yield strength of rebar, clear cover, main reinforement dia etc.
vii) Design command- Then click on commands and select type of design like- beam design or column design or slab design etc.
viii) Specify Analysis Type - Select the Analysis type.
2.2. Explain the difference between Fixed and Enforced support condition in STAADPro.
ANS
* Fixed support condition:- When fixed type of support is speccified , for those degree of freedom which are to be treated as fully restrained, STAAD assumes displacement to be known quantitie whose value is zero, Hence those degree of freedom arenot considered for the stiffness matrix, and their value is not calculated.
* Enforced support condition :- When enforced type of support is specified for those degree of freedom which are to be treated as restrained, STAAD assigns aspring stiffness - translational stiff springs for translational restraints and rotational stiff springs restraints. Those degree of freedom which are dispalced are assigned springs of zero stiffness. Hence for all the six degrees of freedom at such support, the displacements are calculated. The once which have a stiff spring will end up having negligible diaplacement, and those with zero stiffness-springs will have a displacement based on the structures geometry, properties and loading.
3. 1. Explain the steps involved in analysis of a model using STAAD Pro sequentially.
2. Explain the two ways in which a structural framework/model can be created in STAAD Pro software.
3. Elaborate the different support conditions in STAAD Pro.
4. How will you extract the stress distribution for a staircase slab?
5. Explain the different ways to view SFD & BMD in STAAD Pro.
ANS
3.1. Explain the steps involved in analysis of a model using STAAD Pro sequentially.
ANS
- Select the Run Analysis tool in the Analysis group on the Analysis and Design ribbon tab.
- Click on Analysis Command.
- Select type of Analysis which you want to perform
- Click on Add
- Click on Run Analysis , If model has zero errors output will be generated .
3.2. Explain the two ways in which a structural framework/model can be created in STAAD Pro software.
ANS
The two ways in which a structural framework/model can be created in STAAD.Pro software are
A) Node by Node method
B) Structural wizard method
A) Node by Node method
- This is the 1st way of modelling the building created in STAAD.Pro software
- In this we can assign the node as per the architectural drawing
- These nodes are placed by using a co-ordinates
- We create a nodes in the geometry panel
B)Structural wizard
- Structural wizard is the 2nd way of modelling the builidng created in teh STAAD.Pro software
- This method is easier than node by node method because it is a automatic method, It automatically create the model when we input the respective length, width and height of teh building
- We have a option to create a truss, frames and other structures
3.3. Elaborate the different support conditions in STAAD Pro.
ANS
- There are 5 types of support conditions that are predefined in the software
i) FIXED - All the transitional and rotational displacement are restrained.
ii) PINNED: Transitional displacement are restrained but rotational moments are not restrained
iii) FIXED BUT: The fixed but support is similar to pinned support it allows us to provide the degree of freedom to view
the displacement either translation or rotational.
iv) ENFORCED: When enforced supports are assigned to the structure the software allows the springs to itself and
the displacement can be calculated however there is no provision to provide the spring constant.
v) ENFORCED BUT: The software assigns the spring itself with zero stiffness or high stiffness.
3.4. How will you extract the stress distribution for a staircase slab?
AIM:
To draw the staircase and find out its stress distribution
TOOL AND COMMAND:
- Geometry
- Node
- Plate
- Property
- Loading
- Supprots
- Analysis
- Design
- Run analysis
- Analysis command
- Command file
- Plate stress
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Open Staad pro:
- First open the staad.pro software and provide file name as staircase and select the model as analytical.
- Then select unit system as Metric. after that click on create
Step 2: To Draw Geometry:
- New workspace is open
- Right click - select cursor - and choose nodes cursor
- Click on nodes tab in 1,X and put value (0,0,0)
- We get origin node then fro 2nd node put in nodes tab (1,0,0) we get A,B point
- Select B point i.e. 2nd node press Ctrl+c -> ctrl+v -> Provide X= 0.2 - ok
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Step 3: To Apply Properties:
- Click on properties tab which is 2nd stage
- Click on define
- then select E I J k L H G F Points - for move them press F2 - provide value Y=1.5 - ok
- again select CD press F2 provide value y= 3 - ok
- The staircase is drawn
Step 3: To Apply Properties:
- Click on properties tab which is 2nd stage
- Click on thickness , provide thickness of plate as 0.2m
- Choose material as concrete b/c it is rcc slab - Add it by clicking on add - close tab
- Select section provide assignment method as "assign to view" - assign - yes
- Properties are assign to staircase
Step 4: To Apply material:
- Go to material tab - select concrete - Assign to view - assign - yes
- Material is assign to staircase
Step 5: To create mesh:
- Again change cusor type as plate cursor
- Click on generate mesh - select plate mesh from plate section in geomerty tab
- select pattern of mesh as a Quadrilateral meshing - ok
- mesh is cretaed on whole staircase
Step 6: To provide Supprots:
- Go to next tab as a Supports Click on create
- create fixed support by choosing fixed support - Add - Close
- Go to view tab select top view
- Select "assign to selected nodes" - select all bottom nodes - click on assign - yes
- support is applying
Step 6: To Apply Loading:
- Go to loading tab select "load cases deatils" - add
- Provide priamry load cases as DL And LL
- Select DL And Click on add - provide self weight as "-1KN" - add
- Again select plate load 2.5KN - Add - close
- Repeate this procedure for LL And provide plate load as -4kN - Add - close
- Both DL and LL are assign to view - assign - yes
Step 7: Do Analysis:
- After going to analysis tab "Define command" - select perform analysis - add - close
- From utilities tab click on Command file
- Click on staad plane and change staad space name to staad plane - close it and Save it
Step 8: Design by run analysis :
- Select material type
- Select IS456 from current code
- Go to design Define parameters as Compressive strength of concrete and yeild strength of steel
- Select aasign to view - assign - yes
- Run analysis from analysis and design tab
- Click on Go to post processing mode - Done
- Select loads - > - Apply - Ok
- We get a result
Step 9:Stress distribution on staircase :
- Select plate stress for se the plate stress variation from result tab in view results section
- Then select load case and stress type - apply - ok - close
- stress variation is shown
RESULT:
3.5. Explain the different ways to view SFD & BMD in STAAD Pro.
ANS
- There are 2 ways to view SFD and BMD
A) By selecting the beam result and deflection after the post processing
B) By graphical method
A) By selecting the beam result and deflection after the post processing
- After the completion of the analysis the software itself provide the SFD and BMD to get the SFD and BMD
- First Click on the post processing button and click on OK
- Then we get SFD and BMD
- To get the values for the SFD Select the Deflection there select the Fx,Fy force then click on the annotate, In the annotate go to the beam result search the shear option there click either ends or maximum,midpoint to get the shear force
- To See BMD Click on My,Mz and get the values for the BMD click on the annotate, In the annotate go to the beam result search the bending option there click either ends or maximum,midpoint to get the bending moment
B) By graphical method
- To get the SFD and BMD in a graphical way
- Click on the Layout tab arrow then we will get some options in that option select the graphical
- Then you can see the SFD and BMD in a graphically
Practical
1. Analyze the following structural elements and validate the results
A. Simply Supported Beam
a. A Simply supported beam with two point loads symmetrically placed
b. Span L = 20m
c. Load P = 50kN each
d. Both P located at 5m from each support
AIM:
To Draw SFD and BMD for beam span 20m with point load 50kN at the 5m from support
TOOL AND COMMAND:
- Geometry
- Property
- Loading
- Supprots
- Analysis
- Design
- Run analysis
- Analysis command
- Command file
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Open Staad pro:
- First open the staad.pro software and fill all the project details.
- select unit system as Metric. Then select the model as analytical.
Step 2: To Draw Geometry:
- There are two methods to draw the geometry
1) By using nodes
2) By using grid
Here i am using node method
By using grids
- Click on grids from geometry tab
- Select for edit - choose grids numbers as per length of beams - here i am provide 20 - ok
- Draw beam having length is 20m
- Uncheck the box of default grids. These frids are hide and closed the snap node box
- Then Change cursor type i.e. Node cursor - click on insert node
- Provide distance 5 - Select "add new point" - Again provide 15 "add new point" - Ok
- The node is add at distance 5m from both ends
Step 3: To Apply Properties:
- Click on properties tab which is 2nd stage
- Click on define
- Select rectangle and provide its depth and breadth my beam size is 250 x500
- Choose material as concrete b/c it is rcc beam - Add it by clicking on add - close tab
- Select section provide assignment method as "assign to view" - assign - yes
- Properties are assign to beam
Step 4: To Apply material:
- Go to material tab - select concrete - Assign to view - assign - yes
- Material is assign to beam
Step 5: To provide Supprots:
- Go to next tab as a Supports Click on create
- create pinned support - Add - Close
- Then assign them to the drawing by using "use cursor to assign" .
Step 6: To Apply Loading:
- Go to loading tab select "load cases deatils" - add
- Provide priamry load cases as DL And LL
- Select DL And Click on add - provide self weight as -1KN - add
- Repeate this procedure for LL And put point load at mid node as -50kN
- Self weight is aasign to view and LL is use cursor to assign And both loads
Step 7: Do Analysis:
- After going to analysis tab "Define command" - select perform analysis - add - close
- From utilities tab click on Command file
- Click on staad plane and change staad space name to staad plane close it and Save it
Step 8: Design by run analysis :
- Select material type as a concrete
- Select IS456 as acurrent code
- Go to design Define parameters as Compressive strength of concrete and yeild strength of steel
- Run analysis from analysis and design tab
- Click on Go to post processing mode - Done
- Select loads - > - Apply - Ok
- We get a result
Step 9: SFD And BMD:
- Click on MZ we get BMD and click on FY we get sfd
SFD
BMD
- From result tab choose annotate
- Check box as per requirement here i am choosing end and max for Bending and shear - Annotate - close
RESULTS: Draw Sfd and Bmd for beam with applying point load 50kN at distance 5m from support with simply support
Beam
SFD
BMD
B.Fixed Beam
a. Span L = 16m
b. Uniformly Distributed Load w=9kN/m
AIM:
To Draw displacement, SFD and BMD for fixed beam span 16m with UDL load 9kN
TOOL AND COMMAND:
- Geometry
- Property
- Loading
- Supprots
- Analysis
- Design
- Run analysis
- Analysis command
- Command file
- Annotate
- Fy,Mz
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Open Staad pro:
- First open the staad.pro software and fill all the project details and select unit system as Metric.
- Then select the model as analytical.
Step 2: To Draw Geometry:
- Right click - select cursor - and choose nodes cursor
- Click on nodes tab in 1,X and put value (0,0,0) and (16,0,0)
- For Draw beam- Right click - select cursor - and choose beam cursor
- Select add beam from geomerty tab
- Join these two nodes
Step 3: To Apply Properties:
- Click on properties tab which is 2nd stage
- Click on define
- Select rectangle and provide its depth and breadth my beam size is 250 x500
- Choose material as concrete b/c it is rcc beam - Add it by clicking on add - close tab
- Select section provide assignment method as "assign to view" - assign - yes
- Properties are assign to beam
Step 4: To Apply material:
- Go to material tab - select concrete - Assign to view - assign - yes
- Material is assign to beam
Step 5: To provide Supprots:
- Go to next tab as a Supports Click on create
- Provide fixed support - Add - Close
- Then assign them to the drawing by using "use cursor to assign" - assign .
Step 6: To Apply Loading:
- Go to loading tab select "load cases deatils" - add
- Provide priamry load cases as DL And LL
- Select DL And Click on add - provide self weight as -1KN - add
- Repeate this procedure for LL And put Member load -9 kN
- Self weight is aasign to view and LL is use cursor to assign And both loads
Step 7: Do Analysis:
- After going to analysis tab "Define command" - select perform analysis - add - close
- From utilities tab click on Command file
- Click on staad plane and change staad space name to staad plane close it and Save it
Step 8: Design by run analysis :
- Select material type
- Go to design Define parameters as Compressive strength of concrete and yeild strength of steel
- Select IS456 as a current code
- Assign it by method of assign to selected beam/ Plate
- Run analysis from analysis and design tab
- Click on Go to post processing mode - Done
- Select loads - > - Apply - Ok
- We get a result
Step 9: SFD And BMD:
- Click on displacement, MZ we get BMD and click on FY we get sfd
Displacement
SFD
BMD
- From result tab choose annotate
- Check box as per requirement here i am choosing end and max for Bending and shear - Annotate - close
RESULTS: Draw displacement, Sfd and Bmd for beam with applying UDL 9kN at centre with fixed support
Beam
Displacement
SFD
BMD