Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry
Question. 1
A lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is an advanced battery technology that uses lithium ion as key component. Based on the material used for its cathode electrode, it is classified as the types given below.
Types of Lithium- ion battery
1. Lithium Cobolt Oxide (LCO)
2. Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
3. Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
4. Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
5. Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide (NCA)
6. Lithium Titanate (LTO)
1. Lithium Cobolt Oxide (LCO)
1. It has high specific energy
2. Cathode has layered structure
3. Drawbacks are
1. Short lifespan
2. Low thermal stability
3. Limited load capacity
2. Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
1. It has three dimensional spinel structure
2. Lower internal resistance and improved current handling
3. High thermal stability and enhanced safety
4. Drawback
1. Less charging cycles
2. Low calender life
3. Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
1. Most successful Lithium ion system
2. Can be used as energy cell or power cell
3. Drawback
1. Anode grows and shrinks with charge and discharge
2. Mechanically unstable.
4. Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
1. Provides good electrochemical performance with low resistance.
2. Uses nano scale phosphate cathode material
3. Has high current rating and long life
4. Drawback
1. Low nominal voltage
2. More protection required
5. Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide (NCA)
1. It has high specific energy and power
2. Has long life span
3. Drawback
1. Less safety
2. High in cost
6. Lithium Titanate (LTO)
1. Materials form as spinel structure
2. Can be fast charged
3. High cycle count
4. Has low temperature discharge character
5. Drawback
1. High cost
2. Low energy density
NOTE: Find the attached excel sheet named Question 1 for materials and chemical reactions occuring at the anode and cathode of all the above said Lithium ion battery types.
Question. 2
Each type of Lithium ion battery is compared based on their following characters
1. Voltage
2. Specific energy
3. C rate (Charge)
4. C rate (Discharge)
5. Life cycle
6. Thermal runaway
NOTE: Find the attached excel sheet named Question 2 for the comparison of characters of each and every lithium ion type.