Week 1 Challenge
1 – What is the full form of OEM?
Original Equipment Manufacturer.
2 – How the Design Responsibility goes in Automotive
Original Equipment Manufacturerà Tire 1 à Tire 2 Manufacturers
3 – Name some Tire 4 Supplier and what they Manufacture?
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Robert Bosch. Electronics
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Continental. Tyres
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->ZF Tech. Electronics
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Faurecia. Interior Plastic Trims
4 – When was the first Car Made?
The First car was made on 1886.
5 – What kind of Seats are used in the first Car?
Wooden Seat were used in the first generation of cars.
6 – Define 3D reference System?
The 3d reference system is used to locate all the components in the vehicle. It is used to represent the coordination system of the vehicle.
There will be
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Vertical Logitudinal (Y.plane)
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Vertical Transverse (X.plane)
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Horizontal (Z.Plane)
7 – Why 3D reference System is needed?
3d reference system is used to make the coordination system of the vehicle. After fixing the 3d reference system the design of the entire car will take place.
8 – What is X Plane and, in a Car, what is positive “x”?
Vertical Transverse (X.plane). The positive X is the point above the cooditiation point lies(0,0,0).
9 – What is “Zero Plane”?
Zero Plane of point one of the coordinates are zero.
10 – Define Point of origin?
The point of origin of the 3d system is the intersection point of three planes where all coordinates are zero.
11 – Where Most OEM Point of Origin keep?
Most OEM origin points varies but most commonly used points are kept in the middle point from the wheel hub.
12 – Difference between Work Line and Grid Lines?
Grid Line are formed by intersection of planes located at 100mm increments parallel to X.Z, Y.Z and X.Y plane.
13 – Are Work Line and Grid Lines are inter connected?
No
14. What is Body Position?
Body position is referring where all the components should be located in to the vehicle with to human body.
15 – When a Car comes out of OEM Yard, Seat will be at what position?
Positive X direction
16 – How Centre Line is used in terms of Car Design?
Centre line is longitudinal axis which is divides the car as two halves and it’s falling from the top to bottom from front bumper to rear bumper then the right side of itself does have positive values and the left side of itself does have negative values.
17 – Usually Centre Line is Placed at _________?
between two haves
18 – What is Positive Z Direction?
Positive Z direction is the rear side of the car
19 – What is Positive Y Direction?
When there’s a person sitting into the car the right side of himself will be a positive direction of car or it can be right side half of the car.
20 – What is LHD and RHD?
Lhd means left hand drive system which is much familiar in Europe and American countries on the other hand Rhd which means right hand driving is very known thing in Asian countries.
21 – A Driver driving a Car in US will be sitting which side of Car?
Negative y or left side of the car
22 – Driver in US is in __Y Direction.
Negative Y Direction
23 – A Indian Cab Driver went to USA and started driving a Car, which side of the Car he will be sitting?
Obviously, he’ll be sitting in left side at negative Z direction as I said before
24. I opened the Door of my Car and saw my room keys on center console , so my keys are _____ against the Door.
not
25 – Belt Buckle attached on the _____Side of the Seat.
left
26.The Recliner handle is placed ______side of the seat.
right
27 – Inboard/Outboard is a _______ based system.
center line
2 8 – IB:______, OB _______
Inboard
Outboard
29 – Going from rear bumper to forward is _____ Movement.
Fore
30 – C. Pillar to B – Pillar movement is _______ Movement.
Fore
31 – A aft movement of seat is_____ X Movement
Negative X
32 – Volume wise which country produce max number of Cars?
China
33 – Volume wise production please place all OEM in global?
China
34 – Which country India will replace in next 10 year in term of Volume production?
India will replace China in the automotive industries
35. Volume wise production please place all OEM in India?
Maruthi Suzuki,
Hyundai
TATA
KIA
36 – Name Countries which follow LHD Drive?
India
United Kingdom
37. Name Countries which follow RHD Drive?
United States
United Arab Emirates
China
1.What is Eyellipse and how it important from OEM purpose?
It is combining word of eye and ellipse and this word refers the interior and exterior visibility of the driver.
2.Draw the complete Eyellipse Zone in a OEM environment?
3.What is E – Point?
E point refers left and right eye of the driver it’s vital thing to calculate eyellipse and there will be a 65 mm of gap between of both and this value will be match with 95% of population of the world then each eye will have the own representation.
4.What is P – Point?
This also used by oem’s to calculate the eyellipse so this point refers the pivot point of neck which is mark over the neck exactly from the between of e point 98 mm down. And it does have 4 varieties.
5.Correlation between E Point and P Point?
Both these point helps to calculate the eyellipse of the occupant.
6.Eyellipse calculation as per E – Point and P – Point?
E.point
7.What is full form of “SgRP”?
Seating Reference Point
8.What is H – Point?
It is pivot point of torso and thigh angle this is called design H point this value should be match with sgrp which is given by OEM.
9.Difference between “SgRP” and “ H – Point “?
It is point which created by taking a centroid line between E points and project where the occupant's hip and back joints meet, this is called as seat reference point or SgRP and this value given by oem’s.
It is pivot point of torso and thigh angle this is called design H point this value should be match with sgrp which is given by OEM.
10.What is heel point?
Oscar's heel point on the heel with shoe on unpressed condition on accelerator pedal
It should be in 87 degrees of angle
11.What is Oscar?
Oscar is 3d machine and Oscar template is 2D device.
12.Difference between Oscar and Oscar Templet?
It is 2D and 3D device which can be used to define how the person’s going to sit in the vehicle and measure the seating accommodation.
Oscar is 3d machine and Oscar template is 2D device
12.What is the purpose of Oscar?
Gives the designer idea of how the occupant will sit into the vehicle
From that approximation a point will determine that is pivot point of torso and thigh angle this is called design H point this value should be match with sgrp which is given by OEM.
And the seat can be adjusted fore and after up and down at any time through H. point so it can be done with in window this is called as H.point window.
Once the Oscar placed according to the oem packaging drawing requirement the seat can be ready design around the Oscar.
13.What is Design H – Point and Actual H . Point?
It is pivot point of torso and thigh angle this is called design H point this value should be match with sgrp which is given by OEM.
Actual H.point can be recorded through the 3D Oscar machine.
14.What is H.Point Window?
The seat can be adjusted fore and after up and down at any time through H. point so it can be done with in window this is called as H.point window.
15.Type of Oscar?
There're two types of Oscars are there one is 2D Oscar template and other one is 3D Oscar machine.
Small woman 104 lbs. 5% of drivers
Midsized man 169 Lbs. 50% of drivers
Large sized man 226 Lbs.95% of drivers
16.What is the weight (in Kg) of 95 % Oscar?
102.512 kgs
17.What is the Importance of H – Point?
Seating design is directly created effect to the occupant’s relationship to controls
And careful measurements should’ve taken while positioning the seats and adheres with specs of OEM.
And H.point might vary because of deterioration of seats notably the foams.
18.How the tolerance of H – Point Given?
As we seen in this pic this is tolerance range of seats it can be in circular shape or square shape the seat reference point should never cross that limit when the foam is compressing state this how the tolerance zone should’ve created
19.What is D – Point regarding a Seat?
It is lowest point of buttock contour of the seated when the Oscar template and machine installed.
20.What is the full form of AHP? Define its usage for seats?
It’s Acceleration heel point
And it’s Oscar's heel point on the heel with shoe on unpressed condition on accelerator pedal
It should be in 87 degrees of angle.
21.What is Hand Reach Envelop?
Driver must feel easy reach the vital controls in a car while vehicle in moving condition this is what called as hand reach envelop.
22.Types of Hand Reach Envelop? And how it is categories?.
Primary DHC: Secondary DHC:
Steering Air conditioning
Headlight Audio controls
Turn signals Accessory controls.
Gear shifting
Horn
Wiper then
Hand brake.
23.What is Back/Cushion Angle?
The back angle is the angle of recline of torso line relative to vertical
Then the cushion angle of incline for the cushion relative to horizontal this helps to find the amount of thigh support the occupant will have
24.What is Ischium?
The ischium is a paired bone of the pelvis that forms the lower and back part of the hip bone, as well as the posterior and inferior boundary of the obturator foramen.
25.What is Tail Burn?
This condition will happen when driver sits on seat for long time so seat should be designed to prevent this condition.
26.How lumber help driver?
Lumber origin is lowest vertebrae in spinal column located between ribs and the pelvis
27.During RFQ what is expected from OEM?
Seat reference point
Foot angle
Knee angle
Heel point
Hip point
Back angle.
1.What is the function of a seat?
Support the occupant
Provide comfort to the occupant
Protect the occupant
Position the occupant
2.How the seat Support the Occupant?
Support the occupant is essential thing of seats because improper support will affect the comfort and safety of the occupant.
3.How the seat Position the Occupant?
There’re three essential key factors are there when it comes to seat design that are
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Hand, arm, and leg room:
Hand arm and leg room is vital for safety and control to the occupant
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Field of vision:
This one calculated by eyellipse driver should've minimal abstraction by steering wheel, instrument panel, roof line and he should be able to see clearly through the side mirrors as well.
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Driver proximity to hand controls:
Occupant must’ve been able to reach appropriate controls when the vehicle is moving condition.
4.How seat provide comfort for the occupant?
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Determine the amount of seat padding
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Avoiding hard points on seat
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Determine angle seat back and cushion
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Deciding the lumber and thigh support
<!-- [if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Establishing seat height and width
5.What is the full form of ILD? And how it is define?
Indentation load defection (ILD)
The load required to compress seat pad 50% of its original thickness so there’s a load which required to compress the foam is hardness of the foam.
If a seat is too firm it will be uncomfortable and if it's too soft occupant will contact with hard point or fatigue.