To calculate dead and live load for industrial steel structures and to apply them using TSD

Q.1 Ans

Aim: Calculate dead load in design report based on IS code and apply dead load on the model.

Given Data,

• Finishes of 50mm
• Slab as per design
• Brickwall 150mm thickness
• Roofing load based on purlin size
• Ceiling loading of 0.3 kN per Sq.m

Procedure:

Step 1:

Load Calculation:

1. Dead load = `1.2 kN//m^2`
2. Finishing Load off 50mm = `0.05 xx 24 kN//m^2 = 1.2 kN//m^2`
3. Brick wall load (Ground to First Floor) = `0.155xx20xx5.25 = 16.275 kN//m^2`
4. Brick wall load (First to Second Floor ) = `0.155xx20xx6.8 = 21.08 kN//m`
5. Roofing Load based on purlin size = `1.5 kN//mm^2`
6. Ceiling load = `0.3 kN//m^2`

Step 2:

1. To apply load create load cases for Dead load.
2. Go to Load -> Structure -> Loadcases.
3. Create load cases for Dead load, Imposed Load, Wind Load & Seismic Load.
4. Create load combinations for the load cases.
5. Go to Load -> Structure -> Combination.
6. Click on generate tab. Then click on next. It will automatically generate the load combinations, Service load combinations and National Horizontal Forces (NHF).Click on Finish & ok.
7. All loadcases are generated now we have to apply the dead load.
8. We are adding area load on slab. Select the load as Dead.
9. To apply dead load on floor we will apply the area load.
10. Go to Load -> Panel Load -> Area Load.
11. Go to ground floor and in properties browser change the load value as `1.2 kN//m^2`.
12. Click on the floor area so the applied floor will change in green colour.
13. Select one by ony all the floors and add the loads carefully on floor.
14. Similarly apply the load on first floor and on second floor.
15. Area load is added on all the floors.

Step 3:

1. To apply the member load go Load -> Member load -> Full UDL for brick wall.
2. Change the load value as `16.275 kN//m^2`.
3. Select all the members to apply member load.
4. Similarly add the load for all floor with respected loading values.
5. Click on validate and check that there is no error in the loading.

Step 4:

1. Go to Load -> Panel Load -> Area load. Select the roof area for roof loading.
2. Add the load on roof by using area load. Select all the roof one by ony and add the roof load.
3. Apply the loading value as `1.5 kN//m^2`.

Conclusion:

• The Dead load is applied on Slab area, Roof area and member. There is no error in application of dead load.

Q.2 Ans

Aim: Calculate the live load in design report based on IS Code and apply live load on the model.

Procedure:

Step 1:

1. We have to apply a Live or Imposed load to structure.
2. As per `IS 875 (Part-2):1987, Tabl e - 1,Clause 3.1,3.1.1 & 4.1.1` there are different values for different room parameters`
3. The load values are specified in `Tab l e-1` are equivalent uniformly distributed loads on the plan area and provide for normal effect of impact and acceleration. They do not take into consideration special concentrated loads and other loads.
4. To add live load on floor change the load type as Imposed.
5. Then go to Load -> Panel load -> Area loading. Change the load value from properties browser.
6. Take different values as per different rooms and apply loads.
7. Similarly add load for all the floor area at every level.

Step 2:

1. As per `IS 875 (Part-2):1987, Tabl e -2, Clause 4.1`
2. Sloping roof with slope greater than 10 degreea the value of iposed load will be `0.75 kN//m^2`
3. Go to Load -> Panel Loads -> area load and check the value of loading will be `0.75 kN//m^2`.
4. Add loading on roof.

Conclusion:

• The Live is added on all the floor with respected room loading values.As well as we applied the Imposed loading on roof too.

Q.3 Ans

Aim: Generate a calculation for 5T crane loading based on following inputs

• Centre to centre of wheel=10m
• Weight of crab = 40 kN
• Number of wheels = 4
• Wheel base = 2m.

Procedure:

Step 1: Given data,

1. Lifting Load `= 5T = 50kN`
2. Centre to centre of wheel = `10m`
3. Weight of Crab = `40kN`
4. number of wheel = `4`
5. Wheel base = `2m`
6. Weight of trolly car = `10kN`
7. Hook Approach = `1m`

Step 2: Maximum point load on crane,

Maximuma point load on crane = crane capacity + weight of trolly

= `50+10 kN`

= `60 kN`

UDL = (Self weight of crane)/(Distance between gantry rails.)

= `40/10`

= `4 kN//m`

Moment at A:

`sum M_A =0`

`= 60xx1+4 xx10xx(10/2) - R_Bxx10`

`therefore R_B=26 kN`

Vertical forces :

`sum F_y= 0`

`R_A+R_B-60-4xx10=0`

`R_A=60+4xx10-26`

`therefore R_A=74 kN`

Maximum Bending Moment:

Assume the weight of gantry girder `= 1.2 kN//m`

Self weight of Rail `= 0.3 kN//m`

Total Self weight is `= 1.5+0.3 kN//m=1.8 kN//m`

Moment at C:

`sum M_C=0`

`(37xx1)+(37xx3)+(4xx5xx(5/2))-R_Dxx5=0`

`R_D=39.6 kN`

`sum F_y=0`

`R_C+R_D-37-37-4xx(5/2)=0`

`R_C=44.4 kN`

Bending Moment uder wheel load due to live load:

`R_Dxx2=39.6xx2=79.2kN//m`

beding Moment due to impact = `0.1 xx 79.2 = 7.92 kN//m`

Total bending moment due to live load and impact load = `79.2 +7.92 = 87.12 kN//m`

Bending moment due to dead load = `(Wl^2)/2 = (1.8xx5xx5)/8 = 5.625 kN`

Maximum Bending moment = `87.12+5.625 = 92.745 kN//m`

Maximum Shear Force:

`sum M_D=0`

`R_Cxx5 - 37xx5-37xx2.5=0`

`R_C= 55.5 kN`

Hence the Maximum shear force due to wheel load is = `55.5 kN`

Lateral Forces:

Lateral forces transeverse to rails = 5% of the weight of crab and weight lifted

`= 0.5 (40+10) = 2.5 kN`

Lateral force on each wheel F1 will be = `(2.5/2) = 1.25 kN`

Maximum horizontal reaction due to lateral forces by proportion at C.\

= Lateral force x reaction at c due to vertical load / Maximum wheel load due to vertical load

= `1.25 xx (44.4/37) = 1.5 kN`

Horizontal reaction due to lateral forces by proportion at D.

`2.5 - 1.5 = 1 kN`

Bending Moment due to lateral load = `1.25/37 xx 55.5`

= `1.875 kN//m`