Sketch a G+1 residential plan according to Vaastu Shastra and Calculation of Loads as per IS code

Aim:-

Sketch a G+1 floor residential plan, according to Vaastu Shastra, and list down the names of the structural drawings required to be provided to the site for construction. Also, assume the sizes of the structural elements (Column, Beam, Slab, etc.,) and accordingly calculate the individual corresponding loads from the members as per IS code.

Introduction:-

• Vaastu shastra is the ancient indian science of architecture and acts as a guideline to design your home in the way that enhances positive energy.
• Our nature is abundant with powerhouses of energy sources like the sun, wind,fire, water, etc.
• Effect of sunrays, flow of winds, pull of earth's magnetic field and other such cosmic energies.
• A good home needs to radiate the right kind of energy.
• Texts from the Indian subcontinent describe principles of design,layout, measurements ,ground preparation, space arrangement and spatial geometry.
• Vaastu shastra incorporates traditional hindu and buddhist beliefs.
• Vaastu shastra are the textual part of vaastu vidya :- The broader knowledge about architecture and design theories from ancient india.
• Vaastu vidya knowledge is a collection of ideas and concepts, with or without the support of layout diagrams, that are not rigid. Rather these ideas and concepts are models for the organisation of space and form within a building or collection of buildings, based on their functions in relation to each other, their usage and overall fabric of the vastu.
• Ancient vastu shastra principles include those for the design of temples, and the principles for the design and layout of houses ,towns and cities, roads, gardens, water works and other public areas.

Vaastu shastra requirement/ needs to be followed for a house:-

For a house to become a home ,it needs to radiate the right kind of energy. According to the number of traditional beliefs ,each home comes with its own energy type . A person dwelling in a house comes under the influence of a specific gravity field , which in turn influences him in one way or other. Therefore it is very crucial to understand the link between the healing art of vastu and our homes in honing positivity and good vibes. keeping in mind the ready to move in houses (where architectural changes are not possible), vastu expert ashna dhannak founder and owner of enlightening lifestyle, enlists ways you can bring balance to your home. vastu shastra is an ancient guide for a positive home ,right from the entrance of a house to bedroom, kitchen,bathroom,outdoors and courtyard.

According to vaastu shastra the main entrance to a home is not only the entry point for the family, but also for energy. The main door should face north,east or in north east direction. As per the vastu the main door should be constructed in a way to ensure that when you step out,you face the north ,east or north east direction. The main door should be constructed with superior quality wood. It should tower above other doors in your house ,and look the most appealing. Avoid placing a fountain or any other decorative water centric element ,outside the main door . Avoid placing a shoe rack or dustbin outside the main door. There should not be any bathroom near the main door.

Designating a room in the house for meditation and prayers will ensure spiritual growth. It is always important for an individual to introspect and connect to higher power, says dhanak. White, beige or light yellow or green are great colour options for the meditation room. An option for a meditation room in a vastu compliant home. The east or north east part of your home is perfect for meditation ,yoga and other spiritual pursuits. facing east when you meditate will increase positivity. create a sacred altar and decorate it with candles or incense ticks. white ,beige,light yellow or green are great colour options for the room.in a home ,the living room is where most of the activity is centred. It creates a favourable first impression when guests enter for social gatherings. Therefore ensuring the living room is clutter free. The living room should face east, north or north east. alternatively , a north west facing living room is also favourable. If there is a mirror ,ensure it is placed on the north wall. Brahmasthan is a unique feature of ancient Indian architecture based on vastu shastra. It is the centre of your abode and is considered to be the holiest and most powerful zone of the house.

In a traditional home in Kerala ,the courtyard is always at the centre of the house,since that is the brahmasthan according to vastu. this part of your house should be spotless and clutter free. a circumference of 1 to 1.5m of brahmasthan should not have any obstructions or built up area. The placement of kitchen ,bathroom or pillar attracts negative energy. This could have an adverse effect on the health of your family members.

Sometimes the smallest things can turn your fortunes around. Vastu shastra shows you how tweaking your bedroom can enhance positive energy and even improve relations between couples.

Ideally a bedroom in the south west direction brings good health and prosperity. Avoid a bedroom in the north east or south east zone of the house as the former may cause health issues , while a bedroom placed in the latter direction may cause quarrels among couples. The bed should be placed in the south west corner of the bedroom, with your head facing west. Avoid placing a mirror or television in front of the bed. Your reflection must not be seen in the mirror when in bed as it causes fights and other domestic disruptions. Paint your bedroom walls in neutral or earthy shades as it radiates positive energy. Avoid painting your walls black. Avoid having temple paintings depicting water or a fountain in the bedroom as it could cause emotional outbursts. Use mood lightening and burn aromatic oils to create an oasis of calm.

Structural drawings required to be provided to the site for construction:-

A)Centre line drawing:-

• Centre lines are one of the most frequently used tools in engineering drawing.
• Basic purpose of this, is to show circular features in a drawing which are found in abundance in mechanical parts.
• Centre line indicates a circular feature on a drawing.
• In 2D most circular features look exactly the same as features with non circular geometry. The only way to tell them apart is by adding a centre line,which represents their central axis and confirms their geometry. These lines are used as reference to dimension circular features. Whenever you want to dimension a circular feature ,it is best to use its midpoint as reference.
• Centre lines also indicate the coaxiality of features sharing the same central axis.

B)Footing and Column layout with reinforcement details:-

• This layout is very important for the site engineer in the starting of the project.
  
  
• It consists of grid lines throughout the layout which are of major concern. If the centreline of column and centreline of footing are not in alignment with each other, then it is called eccentric footing.
  
  
• It is provided with the details of the project such as name of contractor, project manager, designer and the checking engineer etc.. The general format of the concrete column schedule is very similar to steel schedules.
  
  
• The concrete column schedule drawings elements are generated using column data from imported structural files according to the defined concrete column schedule settings.
  
  
• The concrete column schedule shows the reinforcement details of the unique concrete column lines.
  
  
• A concrete column schedule does an additional classification that considers the reinforcement properties such as types, spacing,bar designation etc. In this diagram it is mandatory to mention the grid to grid dimensions throughout the plan.
  
  

C)Column schedule with reinforcement details:-

• A standard diagram of footing includes accurate dimensions of the footing with hatched and coloured portions.
  
  
• A table is drawn showing the details of each column along with its dimensions, stirrups are shown as well and the connection between the bars and stirrups should be shown. And a table is drawn showing the footing details with their names and sizes, if the two footings have the same name ,then their dimensions are also the same. In this way columns and footings are characterised in this diagram.
  
  

D)Plinth beam layout with reinforcement details:-

• The process of plinth beam design involves an intensive process of determining the appropriate dimension of beam such that the beam with adequate strength can be constructed economically. The loads that are to be considered during design include the load from the wall above plinth level, passive pressure exerted by the soil below the plinth beam to be constructed load that may be imposed in case of differential settlement of the foundation.
• The suitable cross sectional area of plinth beam is selected based on the deflection requirements of the code and loading conditions.
• It is desirable to select the width of the plinth beam in accordance with the wall to be constructed above it or width of the supporting column.
• In any case the width of the plinth beam must be less than the width of the final course of foundation.

E)Ground/First floor Slab layout with reinforcement detail:-

• In this layout all the reinforcement details are shown for each slab
• No reinforcement will be shown above the toilets as it is provided with sunken slab.
• Length of crank bars is shown in the reinforcement details.
• Usually the slab details are also shown in the beam layout, but to avoid confusion another diagram is preferred.
• Slab details should be shown clearly in the beam diagram ,because in some cases such as sunken slab, there might be a need for some changes to bring the slab to that level , a wall can be raised or something.

F)Lift pit and headroom reinforcement details:-

• Lift pit is generally provided at the ground level. It is provided with rcc structure and a proper water proof system.
• A beam is provided at the roof level which connects it with the roof at every floor and a lintel is provided at one of the ends where there is a door to be provided. above that door lintel is provided.
• Slab details of the lift are shown in the diagram with dimensions and footing details are also shown on which the lift rests.
• Reinforcement details are shown for each diagram and the structural data is provided at the end which shows the project name and other details such as contractor ,designer etc.

G+1 Floor residential plan:-

Calculation of Loads:-

Lets assume:-

Height of floor upto first floor slab = 6m

Column Size = 300mm x 300mm

Plinth beam size = 300mm x 400mm

Lintel beam size = 200mm x 120mm

Slab Beam size = 300mm x 400mm

Main Wall thickness = 300mm

Partition Wall thickness = 230mm

Slab thickness = 150mm

Sunk slab thickness = 250mm

Floor finish thickness = 50mm

Length of lintel beam = 12.60m

Parapet wall area = 30.75 Sq ft

Parapet wall thickness = 300mm

Total area of Main wall (GF +FF) = 69.63 Sq ft

Total area of Partition wall (GF +FF) = 30.73 Sq ft

Total Slab area (GF + FF) = 147.69 Sq ft

Total Sunk slab area = 5.49 Sq ft

Total columns taken = 11nos

Total length of beams (GF +FF)= 56.18m

Rooms sizes = As per above G+1 plan

1)Dead Loads on Foundation [As per IS 875(part-1):1987]:-

NOTE:- i) Unit weight of a RCC structure is equal to 25 KN/m^3

ii) Unit weight of brick masonary is equal to 20 KN/m^3

iii) Unit weight of PCC structure is equal to 20 KN/m^3

a) Column load = 11x (0.3 x 0.3 x 6 x 25) = 148.50KN

b) Plinth beam load = 56.18 x 0.3 x 0.4 x 25 = 168.54 KN

c) Lintel beam load = 12.6 x 0.2 x 0.12 x 25 = 7.56KN

d) Slab beam load = 56.18 x 0.3 x 0.4 x 25 = 168.54 KN

e) Slab load = 13.72 x 0.15 x 25 = 51.45KN

f) Main Brick masonary wall load = 6.47 x 0.3 x 20 = 38.82 KN

g) Partition Brick masonary wall load = 2.85 x 0.23 x 20 = 13.11 KN

h) Floor finish Load = 2 x(50.73 x 0.05 x 20) = 101.46KN

i) Sunk slab load = 2 x(0.51 x 0.25 x 8) = 2.04KN

Total Dead Load = 700.02KN

2) Live load on Building [As per IS 875(part-2):1987]:-

As per IS code Table Table 1 [sl no i(a)]:- Total live load on a Residential building is = 10KN/m^2

Here building area (GF + FF)= 101.45m^2

Therefore, the total live load will be = 10 x 101.45 = 1014.50KN

3) Wind Load on building:-

As per IS 875(Part 3):2015, In building Wind load only considered if height is more than 10m.

Therefore, we did not considering the wind load in this residential building.

Combination of loads:-

Overall Load on the building = 1.5(DL + LL) = 1.5 x(700.02 + 1014.50) = 2571.78KN