Radar Mast & Final Assembly of Yacht

Radar Mast

• Front View

• Right-Side View

• Isometric View

• Feature Tree

Yacht Assembly 

• Front View

• Right-Side View

• Isometric View

• Feature Tree

Report

CREATION OF SUNSEEKER YACHT USING SOLIDWORKS

by

Bondili Yaswanth Balaji Singh

INTRODUCTION

        This report is about we can be able to learn and create an SUNSEEKER YACHT using a design software called SOLIDWORKS. In this report, first we will learn what is SOLIDWORKS, next we will learn about the COMMANDS we use while creating different components of the yacht, then we will learn about the FEATURES we used while creating these components, then we will learn about how to ASSEMBLE these components, and then we will learn about adding colours to each and every component of the bike and then finally we will learn about RENDERING the final assembly of the YACHT.

The components which we will learn here are

• Hull
• Propeller
• Superstructure
• Front Seat
• Middle Seat
• Rear Seat
• Garage Door
• Radar Mast
• Radar

OBJECTIVE

• To learn the basic commands of SOLIDWORK.
• Get the knowledge of concepts like sketch, features, decals, light and camera angle.
• With the help of blueprint sketch, we design all the parts of Yacht.
• Assembling all the parts in SOLIDWORK.
• Proper setting of image quality and getting realistic view with the help of photoview 360.
• Rendering of Yacht has done with help of solidworks visualization software.

Design Approach

There are two types of approach in design procedure.

1. Bottom-up approach
2. Top-down approach.

Here in this project, we have used Bottom-up approach, we get clear idea by defining these terms.

1.Bottom-up approach: The design approach in which the

most primary operations are specified first, then combined it later to make larger progressive unit.

2.Top-down approach: Top-down assembly modelling is an

assembly-centric modelling method where the assembly

design is started at the highest level possible, and individual parts and sub-assemblies are defined within the context of the overall assembly.

          Now we have completed discussion of how the features work under solid works. Let us see the application of the features in the Yacht that we have built. We are going to discuss part by part as shown in the flowchart.

SOLIDWORKS

          SolidWorks is a solid modeling computer-aided design(CAD) & computer-aided engineering (CAE) computer program published by Dassault Systems, that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows. While it is possible to run Solidworks on an Intel-based Mac with Windows installed, the application's developer recommends against this. SolidWorks does not support macOS.SolidWorks utilizes a parametric feature-based approach which was initially developed by PTC (Creo/Pro-Engineer) to create models and assemblies. The software is written on Parasolid-kernel.

          Building a model in SolidWorks usually starts with a 2D sketch (although 3D sketches are available for power users). The sketch consists of geometry such as points, lines, arcs, conics (except the hyperbola), and splines. Dimensions are added to the sketch to define the size and location of the geometry. Relations are used to define attributes such as tangency, parallelism, perpendicularity, and concentricity. The parametric nature of SolidWorks means that the dimensions and relations drive the geometry, not the other way around. The dimensions in the sketch can be controlled independently, or by relationships to other parameters inside or outside the sketch.

          Parameters refer to constraints whose values determine the shape or geometry of the model or assembly. Parameters can be either numeric parameters, such as line lengths or circle diameters, or geometric parameters, such as tangent, parallel, concentric, horizontal or vertical, etc. Numeric parameters can be associated with each other through the use of relations, which allows them to capture design intent.

          Features refer to the building blocks of the part. They are the shapes and operations that construct the part. Shape-based features typically begin with a 2D or 3D sketch of shapes such as bosses, holes, slots, etc. This shape is then extruded to add or cut to remove material from the part. Operation-based features are not sketch-based, and include features such as fillets, chamfers, shells, applying draft to the faces of a part, etc.

          In an assembly, the analog to sketch relations are mates. Just as sketch relations define conditions such as tangency, parallelism, and concentricity with respect to sketch geometry, assembly mates define equivalent relations with respect to the individual parts or components, allowing the easy construction of assemblies. 

          Finally, drawings can be created either from parts or assemblies. Views are automatically generated from the solid model, and notes, dimensions and tolerances can then be easily added to the drawing as needed. The drawing module includes most paper sizes and standards (ANSI, ISO, DIN, GOST, JIS, BSI and SAC).

 

Terminology

          These terms appear throughout the SOLIDWORKS software and documentation.

Origin

          Appears as two blue arrows and represents the (0,0,0) coordinate of the model. When a sketch is active, a sketch origin appears in red and represents the (0,0,0) coordinate of the sketch. You can add dimensions and relations to a model origin, but not to a sketch origin.

Sketch Plane

          Flat construction geometry. You can use sketch planes for adding a 2D sketch, section view of a model, or a neutral plane in a draft feature.

Under Defined Sketch

        The sketch profile which is created, but not fully defined with either their dimensions or relations is called Under Defined Sketch. The Under Defined Sketch is usually represented in Blue colour in SOLIDWORKS.

Fully Defined Sketch

        The sketch profile which is created by defining all the required dimensions and relations for a component while sketching is called a Fully Defined Sketch. The Fully Defined Sketch is represented in Black colour in SOLIDWORKS.

Over Defined Sketch

        The sketch profile which is created by overly defining all the required dimensions and relations for a component while sketching is called an Over Defined Sketch. The Over Defined Sketch is represented in Yellow colour in SOLIDWORKS.

Axis        

          Straight line used to create model geometry, features, or patterns. You can create an axis in different ways, including intersecting two planes. The SOLIDWORKS application creates temporary axes implicitly for every conical or cylindrical face in a model.

Face

          Boundaries that help define the shape of a model or a surface. A face is a selectable area (planar or non planar) of a model or surface. For example, a rectangular solid has six faces.

Edge 

          Location where two or more faces intersect and are joined together. You can select edges for sketching and dimensioning.

Vertex

          Point at which two or more lines or edges intersect. You can select vertices for sketching and dimensioning.

Sketch Commands

        These commands are frequently used in the SOLIDWORKS application while creating a 2-D sketch of AMERICAN CHOPPER from the Sketch Toolbar.

Line       

          Creates a line from one point to another.

Centreline

          Creates a construction line from one point to another.

Midpoint line

          Creates a line from a point of half the length of a side to another side of the point

Circle

          Creates a point circle from one point to another point as radius.

Perimeter Circle

          Creates a circle based on three parameters of x, y and radius.

Spline

          Creates a curve geometry is used for creating organic shapes that cannot be created with normal lines and arcs. You can apply curvature constraints at each endpoint. At each through point, you can weigh the tangency vector and control the tangency direction.

Corner Rectangle

          Creates a rectangle based on the two corner points placed in the Graphics Area.

Centre Rectangle

          Creates a rectangle based on the centre point and two points of corners of the rectangle.

Tangent Arc

          Creates an arc that is tangent to a line by placing two points in Graphics area.

3 Point Arc

          Creates an arc by placing 3 points in the Graphics area.

Sketch Relations

          The relations between two sketch entities are called Sketch Relations. The relations we are concerned about in this report are

Horizontal

          This option will assign horizontal relation to the entities as horizontal with respect to the plane.

Vertical

          This option will assign vertical relation to the entities as vertical with respect to the plane

Collinear  

          This option will assign collinear relation to the entities as collinear with respect to the plane.

Perpendicular

          This option will assign perpendicular relation to the entities as perpendicular with respect to plane.

Parallel

          This option will assign parallel relation to the entities as parallel with respect to the plane.                               

Tangent

          This option will assign tangent relation to the entities as tangent with respect to the plane.

Concentric

          This option will assign concentric relation to the entities as concentric with respect to the plane i.e. The arcs share the same center point.

Midpoint

          This option will assign midpoint relation to the entities as midpoint with respect to the plane.

Coincident

          This option will assign coincident relation to the entities as coincident with respect to the plane

Equal

          This option will assign equal relation to the entities as equal with respect to the plane.

Merge

          This option will assign two sketch points or endpoints to merge as a single entity.

Pierce

          The pierce relation is used in sweeps with guide curves. The relation here is between guide curve, origin of the plane and midpoint of the circles.

Sketch Features

Sketch Fillet

          The sketch fillet feature is used for rounding up or smoothening up the corners in the sketch before adding any features later on.

Convert Entities

          The convert entities feature is used for converting a 3-D edge, line, circle etc into a 2-D sketch entity while creating a component.

Offset Entities

          The offset entities feature is used for creating an offset of one or multiple entities in a 2-D sketch.

Power Trim   

          The power trim feature is used for removing any unwanted sketch portions while creating a 2-D sketch in a free motion.

Mirror Entities

                The mirror entities feature is used for creating a mirrored replica of selected sketch entities mirrored about a reference line while creating a 2-D sketch including their relations.

Linear Sketch Pattern

                The linear sketch pattern feature is used for creating a linear pattern of selected sketch entities with the desired parameters of x, y and angle θ in the property manager.

Circular Sketch Pattern

                The circular sketch pattern feature is used for creating a circular pattern of selected sketch entities with the desired parameters of no: of instances and angle θ in the property manager.

Features

          The features used in the report to design different parts of Sunseeker Yacht are

• Extrude boss
• Fillet
• Chamfer
• Dome
• Revolve boss feature
• Extrude cut
• Shell
• Linear Pattern
• Circular Pattern
• Mirror
• Reference geometry
• Curves
• Split
• Combine

Extrude Boss 

        Extrude Boss creates a solid body after finishing a fully defined sketch in the Sketch plane with respect to defined parameters of a component.

Result

Fillet

          Fillets are used to soften the corners and edges of the solid body after creating a 3-D component to avoid having any sharp edges on them.

Result

Chamfer

          Chamfer is used to tapper the corners and edges of the solid body after creating a 3-D component to acquire the required shape as per the parameters of distance(D1)-distance(D2) or distance(D1)-angle(θ) type of Chamfer.

Result

Dome

        Dome is a hemispherical feature created from the face of a solid body by adding depth to the particular required area. The two types of Domes used in this design are

Elliptical dome

        An elliptical dome's shape is a half ellipsoid, with a height equal to one of the ellipsoid radii.

Continuous dome

          A continuous dome's shape slopes upwards, evenly on all sides. The Continuous dome shape rises normal to the edges of the polygon.

Result

Revolve Boss Feature

        Revolve Boss feature adds or removes material by revolving one or more profiles around a centre line. You can create revolved boss/bases, revolved cuts, or revolved surfaces. The revolve feature can be a solid, a thin feature, or a surface.

Result

Extrude cut

        Extrude cut removes material from the solid body which is specified after generating a 3-D solid body to create a feature in the component.

Result

Shell

        Shell feature creates a hollow feature in the solid body which is required for a particular component with respect to required parameters in the property manager.

Result

Linear Pattern

        Linear Pattern feature creates a linear pattern of a feature on a solid body by selecting an edge or face as a path and also mentioning the required no: of instances and length in the property manager.

Result

Circular Pattern

        Circular Pattern feature creates a circular pattern of a feature on a solid body by selecting an edge or face of a circle as a reference and also mentioning the required no: of instances and angle in the property manager.

Mirror

        Mirror feature creates an exact mirrored copy of a solid body with respect to the reference plane or axis.

Result

Reference Geometry

        Reference geometry creates a reference entity for creating a sketch or a solid body. The two main reference geometry used in the report are

Plane

        Reference Plane creates a Plane at our desired location on the Graphics Area.

Result

Axis

        Reference Axis creates an Axis at our desired location in the Graphics Area.

Curves

          Curve can be intersection of two extruding surfaces. The curve which is created can be used as a path for the sketch of the part. The types of Curves features used in this design are

Project Curve

        Project Curve is used for creating an intersecting curve by utilizing two kinds of sketches as a path for further references in the designing processes.

Composite Curve

        Composite Curve by combining two curves into a curve which can be used as a guide or a path later in the design process.

Helix/Spiral Curve

        You can create a helix or spiral curve in a part. The diameter of the circle controls the starting diameter of the helix or spiral.

Result

Split

        Split feature is used to split one or more entities of a solid body into different components even when they are merged together as a single solid body. This feature can also consume cut the component from the solid body according to the need for the design.

Result

Combine

        Combine feature creates a solid body by combining different components and features into a single merged solid body.

Surface Features

          Surface modelling is an alternative to solid body modelling. Essentially, it’s just another tab at the top of the SOLIDWORKS User Interface. Surface modelling is an important tool to have in your box because it not only makes modelling easier, it sometimes makes modelling possible. In other words, there’s some geometry that is impossible to create without using surface features.

Extruded Surface

        Extrude Surface creates a solid body after finishing a fully defined sketch or the face of a surface body with respect to defined parameters of a component.

Result

Swept Surface

        Swept Surfaces are surfaces that are generated with the help of two guide curves which used as path and profile of the required surface body.

Result

Trim Surface

        Trim Surface is used to cut or remove any unwanted surface body areas while designing by selecting the sketch profile and the trim face or edge of the component.

Result

Lofted Surface

          The loft feature creates a shape by making transitions between multiple profiles and guide curves. This tool is very valuable for modelling complex surfaces.

Result

Boundary Surface

        Boundary surface feature in SOLIDWORKS can be as simple or as complex as you want to make it. It is the basic surface type that most users go to when they need to make a complex shape. 

 Knit Surface

          Knit Surface tool allows us to take two or more surfaces and combine them together into one surface.

Split Line

          Split line is used to divide the walls, that is, creates edges. The edge created must result in at least two walls.

Result

 Swept Cut

        Swept Cut command in Solidworks is very special command that you can do your eccentric cutting operations through a 3D geometry in Solidworks.

Surface Fill

        The Filled Surface feature constructs a surface patch with any number of sides, within a boundary defined by existing model edges, sketches, or curves, including composite curves.

Result

Delete Face

        Delete Face is a feature which removes unrequired faces from surface and solid bodies.

Result

Offset Surface

        The offset surface tool is useful way of creating a series of deposit or erosion contact surfaces from a reference mesh.

Result

Ruled Surface

        The Ruled Surface command creates surfaces that extend out in a specified direction from selected edges.

Result

DESIGNING OF SUNSEEKER YACHT

Hull

        A Hull is the watertight body of a ship, boat, or flying boat. The hull may open at the top, or it may be fully or partially covered with a deck. Atop the deck may be a deckhouse and other superstructures, such as a funnel, derrick, or mast.

Features used to create the Hull are

• Sketch
• Sketch Picture
• 3D Sketch
• Line
• Spline
• Circle
• Rectangle
• Arc
• Slot
• Extruded Surface
• Revolved Surface
• Lofted Surface
• Surface Trim
• Surface Fill
• Surface Knit
• Delete Face
• Project Curve
• Chamfer
• Fillets
• Reference Plane
• Split
• Split Line
• Extruded Boss/Base
• Extruded Cut
• Mirror

Propeller

        A Propeller is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral, that, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon a working fluid, such as water or air. Propellers are used to pump fluid through a pipe or duct, or to create thrust to propel a boat through water or an aircraft through air. The blades are specially shaped so that their rotational motion through the fluid causes a pressure difference between the two surfaces of the blade by Bernoulli's principle which exerts force on the fluid. Most marine propellers are screw propellers with helical blades rotating on a propeller shaft with an approximately horizontal axis.

Features used to create the Propeller are

• Sketch
• Spline
• Circle
• Line
• Revolved Boss/Base
• Lofted Boss/Base
• Extruded Cut
• Reference Plane
• Circular Plane
• Fillet

Superstructure

          A Superstructure is an upward extension of an existing structure above a baseline. On water craft, the superstructure consists of the parts of the ship or a boat, including sailboats, fishing boats, passenger ships, and submarines, that project above her main deck.

Features used to create the Superstructure are

• Sketch
• 3D Sketch
• Line
• Spline
• Circle
• Rectangle
• Centre Point Arc
• Extruded Surface
• Swept Surface
• Ruled Surface
• Knit Surface
• Trim Surface
• Extend Surface
• Filled Surface
• Lofted Surface
• Revolved Surface
• Fillet
• Chamfer
• Project Curve
• Reference Curve
• Convert Entities
• Split
• Split Line

Front Seat

        The Front Seats are located at the bow of the Yacht, i.e., in front of the Superstructure. These are Lounge Seats that are fully reclinable so that anyone can relax with their feet up and even have Sunpads on which anyone can sunbath on it with an built-in cabin under them for storage.

Features used to create the Front Seat are

• Sketch
• Sketch Picture
• Line
• Spline
• Circle
• Arc
• Extruded Surface
• Revolved Boss/Base
• Chamfer
• Fillet
• Mirror
• Dome

Middle Seat

        The Middle Seat is located just behind the Superstructure, where it can be used as a dining/meeting area on the Yacht.

Features used to create the Middle Seat are

• Sketch
• Sketch Picture
• Line
• Rectangle
• Extruded Boss/Base
• Chamfer
• Fillet
• Mirror
• Reference Plane

Rear Seat

          The Rear Seat is located right at the end of deck surface of the Hull. It consist of the flag of the Yacht at its back and additional cup holders at either side of the seats of the Rear Seat.

Features used to create the Rear Seat are

• Sketch
• Sketch Picture
• Line
• Spline
• Circle
• Arc
• Rectangle
• Swept Surface
• Extrude Surface
• Off-set Surface
• Filled Surface
• Knit Surface
• Ruled Surface
• Lofted Surface
• Reference Plane
• Extruded Boss/Base
• Revolved Boss/Base
• Fillet
• Mirror

Garage Door

        A Garage door is a large door on a garage that opens either manually or by an electric motor. Garage doors are frequently large enough to accommodate automobiles and other vehicles. It is a Single panel door, which are constructed from one monolithic panel. From the closed position a single panel door swings up and overhead with a hinge on each side to the fully open position. A disadvantage of monolithic panel doors is that the swing-up arc of the door occurs partially outside the garage. This means a vehicle must stop and park several feet in front of the door to avoid being hit by the garage door when it is opened.

Features used to create the Garage Door are

• Sketch
• Line
• Spline
• Circle
• Text
• Extruded Cut
• Reference Plane
• Fillet
• Shell
• Mirror

Radar Mast

          The Radar Mast has an important job to support some important equipment on the Yacht like radar receiver, navigation lights, ship horn, flags and derricks.

Features used to create the Chassis:  

• Sketch
• Sketch Picture
• Line
• Spline
• Rectangle
• Arcs
• Extruded Boss/Base
• Lofted Boss/Base
• Revolved Boss/Base
• Swept Boss/Base
• Reference Plane
• Projected Curve
• Fillet
• Mirror
• Dome
• Shell

Radar

        Radar is a vital navigation component for safety at sea and near the shore. Captains need to be able to maneuver their ships within feet in the worst of conditions and to be able to navigate "blind", when there is no visibility at night or due to bad weather. In addition to vessel-based marine radars, in port or in harbor, shore-based vessel traffic service radar systems are used by harbormasters and coast guard to monitor and regulate ship movements in busy waters.

Features used to create the Radar are

• Sketch
• Line
• Text
• Circle
• Point
• Extruded Boss/Base
• Extruded Cut
• Sketch Pattern
• Fillet
• Mirror
• Split Line

ASSEMBLY OF SUNSEEKER YACHT

           All the parts that were modelled are imported to assemble them. In assembly mate feature is most commonly used to locate and relate the parts with one another. Hull is main component which is inserted first and then fixed. The other components were inserted one by one and by using planes for reference and giving the mate feature once the part gets fixed it floats with the main frame. Some parts were modified during assembly to make it perfect according to requirement.

Mates

          Mates create geometric relationships between assembly components. As you add mates, you define the allowable directions of linear or rotational motion of the components. You can move a component within its degrees of freedom, visualizing the assembly's behaviour.

The mates used in the assembly are

• Coincident Mate
• Distance Mate
• Concentric Mate

Coincident Mate

          A Coincident mate, like the name sounds, is a mate between two features that you want to coincide with each other.

Distance Mate

          A Distance mate, like the name sounds, is a mate between two features that you want to coincide at a distance with each other.

Concentric Mate

          A Concentric mate, like the name sounds, is a mate between two features that you want to coincide by joining the two centre points of two different spherical or conical faces.

The result obtained after applying required mates in the assembly is

Front View of Yacht Assembly

Right-Side View of Yacht Assembly

Isometric View of Yacht Assembly

Camera setup view of Yacht Assembly

Top View of Yacht Assembly

RENDERING

          The term rendering comes from the graphic world where a rendering is an artistic drawing of what a new structure would look like. In Computer Aided Design (CAD), a rendering is a particular view of a realistic image. By doing rendering of yacht, we get the idea that how it will look into the environment. This rendering is done in the SOLIDWORK Visualize software. By using PHOTOVIEW 360 we can add various camera views to the model, we can set various angles, direction, and can set appropriate distance to get the perfect camera view. In rendering we change color of yacht parts, background images, brightness, rotation and various setting of yacht. Including the resolution and setting number of passes we get more detail visuals of chopper.

Render Scene Setup

           For rendering the yacht, we need to create an environment virtually where the chopper is placed with the desired location, lights and scenes. So, we are going to use an HDR image.

Camera Setup

        Camera setup is an option used for setting up the view of the object with our required lighting, angles, length, height, image aspect ratio and depth field to avoid any distortions during the final rendering of the chopper.

Final Render

        Final Render option creates the yacht using all the processing power of the computer (both CPU and GPU) for creating a realistic image in the SOLIDWORKS.

CONCLUSION

        To conclude in this report, the Sunseeker Yacht can be sketched, modelled, designed and assembled at a component level and rendered photo realistically using SOLIDWORKS.