Radar Mast & Final Assembly of Yacht

SOME RENDERED IMAGE

REPORT OF YACHT MODEL

These terms appear throughout the Solid works software and documentation.

Origin: Appears s two blue arrows and represents the (0,0,0) coordinate of the Model. When a sketch is a active ,a sketch origin appears in red and represents the (0,0,0) coordinates of the sketch. Dimensions and relation can be added to a model origin, but not to a sketch origin.

Plane: Flat construction geometry. planes can be used for adding a 2D sketch, selection view of a model or a neutral plane in a draft feature.

Axis: Straight line used to create model geometry, features or pattern. Axis can be created in different ways, including intersecting two planes. The SOLID WORKS application creates temporary axes implicitly for every conical or cylindrical face In a model.

Face: Boundaries that help define the shape of a model or a surface. A face is a selectable area of a model or surface.

Sketch- create the sketches and decide how to dimension and where to apply relation.

Features- Selected the appropriate features ,such as extrudes and fillet, determine the best features to apply, and in what order to apply those features must be decided.

Surfaces- Surfaces area type of geometry that can be used to create solid features.

Assembly- Selected the components to mate and the types of mates to apply.

Sketch- create the sketches and decide how to dimension and where to apply relation.

Features- Selected the appropriate features ,such as extrudes and fillet, determine the best features to apply, and in what order to apply those features must be decided.

Surfaces- Surfaces area type of geometry that can be used to create solid features.

Assembly- Selected the components to mate and the types of mates to apply.

SKETCH

Creating a model using begins with a sketch. From the sketch we can create features. We can combine one or more features to make a part. Then we can combine and mate the appropriate parts to create a Assembly .from the parts or assemblies we can then create drawing.

3-D SKETCH

when sketching in 3D we can snap to the major directions X,Y,Z. These are constraints to the global coordinate system. These are constraints to a plane ,planar face etc.

SKETCH COMMANDS

Smart dimension- creates a dimension for a selected sketch entity.

Line- Line is one of the first sketching tools in solid works sketch command Manager .which can be drawn horizontally Vertically or at any angle.

Circle – The circle is another important sketching tools which enables to create the circular drawing on the graphics area. There are two circle tools available center circle and perimeter circle.

And others are Rectangle ,spline, sketch fillet, point, offset entities, sketch picture, Convert entities, etc.

FEATURES:

Some sketch –based features are shapes such as bosses, cuts, holes .others sketch based features such as lofts and sweep use a profile along a path. Another types of features is called an applied features , such as Fillets, chamfers, shell .these are called applied because of they are applied existing geometry using dimensions and other characteristics to create the feature.

FEATURE COMMANDS:

Extrude boss/base; - one of the oldest command in solid works software is the boss/base extrude command .An Extrude boss/base will allow us to take a 2d sketch and add thickness to it in the third dimensions.

Extrude Cut:- It’s a tool to remove material by projecting a sketched section normal to the sketching plane.

Split:- Lines are used to divided model faces into Two . Split lines are created like any other sketched Feature .They can be one or more connected sketch entities .They must be oriented so that they will pass through model faces when projected normal to the sketch planes.

Dome:- It can add one or more domes to the selected planer or non planar faces. The software calculate the distances using the radius of the arc as a basis for the dome.

Pierce Relationship:- The pierce relationship is used in sweeps. It can be thought of as a 3D coincident relationship .

Projected Curve:- Selected Bi directional to create a projection that extends on both side of the sketch. The curve can be used as a path for a sweep.

Composite Curve:- We can create composite curves by combining curves, sketch Geometry ,model edges into a single curve. We can be used as a guide curve when creating a loft or a sweep.

MODELLING:

3D Modeling is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any surface of an object in three dimensions via specialized software. The product is called 3D model.

SURFACE MODELLING:

Surface modeling is a method of creating planar or non planer complex geometry which has zero thickness. This zero thickness geometry known as surface. The surface used to create a models of complex shapes. We can convert surface models in solid models. We can extract a surface from a solid model using the tools available for surface modeling.

SURFACE COMMANDS

• Lofted Surfaces- Creates a lofted surface between two or more profiles or sketches .specify start and end constraints and add guide curves to control the path shape.
• Boundary Surfaces- The boundary surface feature lets us to create surfaces that can be tangent or Curvature continuous in both directions in most cases this delivers a higher quality result than the loft tools.
• Extrude Surfaces- extrudes a sketch or selected sketch contours in one or two directions two create a surface features.
• Revolved Surfaces- Revolves a sketch or selected sketch contours around an axis to create a surface features.
• Swept Surfaces- It sweeps a closed profile along a closed path or open path to create a surface feature. It uses a tangent plane at the end of the path so that the path is normal to he swept surface.
• Filled Surfaces- Patches a surface within a boundary defined by edges sketches ,or curves . we can use constraint curves to fill surfaces and adjust resolution control to improve surface finish.
• Ruled Surfaces-Inserts ruled surfaces in a specified direction from edges , tangent to surface ,normal to surface to vector ,perpendicular to vector or sweep can be selected .we can used trim and knit surface and remove any connecting surfaces.
• Trim Surfaces- It trims the surfaces where a surface intersect with another surface ,a plane or a sketch.
• Knit Surfaces- It combines two or more adjacent ,non -intersecting surfaces into a single surface body .the surfaces must joined at an edge .If the resulting knit surfaces encloses a volume ,we can create a solid body from the property manager.
• Move/Copy surfaces- Moves or copy surfaces about a plane or a sketch.
• Offset surface- Offsets surfaces using one or more contiguous face . This tools helps us to create an offset surface with gapes.
• Extend Surfaces- Extends one or more edges or faces an a surface, based on end conditions and extension type.
  • Mirror Surfaces- A mirror feature is a copy of a selected feature. mirror about a plane or planar face. A mirror sketch entity is a copy of a selected sketch entity that is mirrored about a centerline.
  • Reference Plane- We can create planes in part or assembly Documents. we can use planes to sketch ,to create a section view of a model for a neutral plane in a draft feature , and so on.
  • Projected Curve- A projected Curve is a typically used either In sweeps and lofts as path or guide curve .There are two types of projected curve:

• 1> Sketch on Sketch- use two sketch to make a single curve

  2>Sketch on Surface- use a sketch to project on a surface.

  • Split Line- the split line tools projects an entity (sketch ,solid ,surface ,face ,plane ,or surface sp line) to surfaces or curved or planar faces.
  • Fillet- A fillet is an internal rounding of a corner or edge in a sketch,Or an edge on a surface.

The above shown blueprint was used to model the yacht in a fully defined constraints. For setting up the blueprint the sketch picture options were used and placed the different blueprints at the required planes.

1. HULL

A hull is the watertight body of a ship or boat. The hull may be open at the top(such as a dinghy) or it may be fully or partially covered with a deck..The line where the hull meets the water known as water line.

The hull of a ship is the most notable structural entity of the ship. To define the hull it can be said that it is the watertight enclosure of the ship. which protects the cargo, machinery, and accommodations paces of the ship from the weather ,flooding, and structural damage.

in our model the hull was designed along with the following parts of the yacht,

AFT- Referring to the aft means in or toward the back of the yacht.

Anchor- The anchor is a heavy object that drops down into the water to keep a boat or yacht from moving.

Beam- The beam is the widest point of a boat or a yacht.

Berth- The sleeping area of a yacht is the berth.

Bow- The front of the yachts hull is the bow.

Bridge- All of the controls of the yacht are located on bridge , which is also sometimes called the cockpit.

Cabin- Private rooms and living compartments in a yacht are called cabin.

Cleat- The cleats are the metal or plastic fitting on boats where sailors attach lines.

Deck- The part of the yacht where we can walk around outside is called the deck.

Draft- The draft is the minimum depth of water needed for a boat to float.

Galley- Sailors call the kitchen of a boat the galley.

Gunwale- The gunwale is the upper edge of the side of a boat or yacht.

Helm- The steering mechanism of a yacht is the helm.

Keel- The keel is the part of the hull that runs down the middle from the bow to the stern . The keel is the foundation or backbone of a boat.

Knots- Knots describe the speed of a boat in nautical miles per hour.

Line- Rope used on a boat or yacht is called line. Sailors need to know how to tie proper knots in the lines to keep boats secure when they are docked.

Port- If we standing or sitting on a yacht looking towards the front of the vessel the port side is the left side.

Porthole- The window in a yacht are called portholes.

Rig- The rig includes the sails and any devices needed to controls the sails.

Stern- The back of the yacht hull is the stern.

COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

IN SKETCH

• Line
• sp line
• circle
• Rectangle
• Arc
• Slot
• 3D Sketch
• Sketch picture

IN SURFACE

• Extrude Surface
• Revolved Surface
• Lofted Surface
• Surface Trim
• Surface Fill
• Surface knit
• Delete Face

• IN FEATURES

  • Project Curve
  • Chamfer
  • Fillets
  • Reference Plane
  • Split
  • Split Line
  • Extruded Boss/Base
  • Extruded Cut
  • Mirror

  MODELLING PROCEDURE

  • The first step for modeling the yacht was creating a blueprint of it.
  • Then the blueprint was placed at the required planes, by using it first the hull was designed.
  • To get the shape of the hull the projected curve was produced by drawing the required sketch using sp lines with the help of blueprint.
  • Then the curve were lofted to create a lofted surfaces and the remaining unwanted surface was trimmed using surface trim.
  • Then the back portion of the hull were the propeller needs to be placed was extruded using Extruded surface and all the surfaces created must be knitted together to remove the gaps between the surfaces.
  • Then the offset option was used and another surface was created and both surface was filled using surface fill to create the outer shell of the hull which will be converted into a solid body at last.
  • Shell feature was used to create the front portion of the hull where the deck surface meets.
  • Then the deck surface was created using Extruded boss/base and extruded cut.
  • Then require chamfer and fillet applied.
  • The rails at the bottom of the yacht were created using Extruded boss/base and chamfer applied both edges.
  • The cable Rollers were created using Extruded boss/base and sweep boss/base and the head of the part of it was created using revolved boss/base and Extruded cut was used to cut through the extrude and a dome was created over it.
  • Helix\ spiral sketch was created to sweep the rope around the cable rollers.
  • By using slot option the rope hangers were extruded and the dome was applied and then the linear pattern was used to create one more.
  • The window bar was created Extruded boss/base.
  • The staircase was created by using extruded boss/base and the hand support bar was created using swept boss/base.
  • The railings around the hull was generated with the help of blueprint and the projected curve was produced railing reference used by swept boss/base.
  • The axles for the propeller and the surface were created using revolved boss/base using 3D sketch.
  • The Anchors were created y sketching the first half and extruded using extruded boss/base and the other half was mirrored.
  • Finally garage portion was created by using extruded cut and the portion was saved for later used by using split option.
    • By using the split line option the painting portion for our hull was split separately.
    • Then the other half of the hull and axle of the surface and propeller was mirrored .
    • Now the part was saved by adding proper appearances and fillets.

  • 2.SUPER STEUCTURE MODEL

    A superstructure is an upward extension of an exiting structure above the base line called ground level and it usually serves the purpose of the superstructure is a decked structure on the freeboard deck, extending from side to side of the ship.

    COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

    IN SKETCH

    • Sketch picture
    • 3d SKETCH
    • Line
    • sp line
    • circle
    • center point arc.

    • IN SURFACES

      • Extruded surface
      • Swept surface
      • Ruled surface’
      • knit surface
      • Trim surface
      • Extend surface
      • Filled surface
      • Lofted surface
      • Revolved surface
      • Fillet
      • Chamfer

      IN FEATURES

      • Project curve
      • Reference curve
      • Convert Entities
      • Split
      • split line

      • MODELLING PROCEDURE

      • The deck surface from the hull was imported and the superstructure was modeled over it.
      • The side surface of the superstructure was created by using Extruded surface , Lofted surface ,Filled surface ,Trim surface and knit surface.
      • The front side of the model was designed to have four rest beds which were created using Extruded boss/base , fillets and dome.
      • The front edge of the superstructure was provided with a water feature which was created using Extruded boss/base, Extrude cut, and filled with a water appearance.
      • The windshield was created by Extruded cut and the wiper were created by using 3D sketch and swept Boss/base.
      • The porthole of the model were created by using Extruded surface, Trim surface , and Extend surface.
      • Ruled surface was used to fill the left out edges.
      • The back doors of the model created by using Extruded cut, fillets and Reference plane.
      • Then all the surfaces are knitted together to from a solid body.
        • One of the surface was deck surface and another was used to place the Radar mast reference surface.
        • Then mirrored and proper fillets and appearances was added and finally the part was saved.

      • 3.PROPELLER

        There can be one ,two or three propellers .It is the most important part of the ship without this the ship cant move . so, the main function of propeller is to propel the ship in the forward direction by producing thrust on water .Its working principle are Newton s third law of motion and Bernoulli s theorem.

        COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

        IN SKETCH

        • Spline
        • Circle
        • Line
      • 

IN FEATURES

• Revolved Boss/Base
• Lofted Boss/Base
• Extruded cut
• Reference plane
• Circular Pattern
• Fillet

MODELLING PROCEDURE

• The center portion of the propeller was sketched and revolved using Revolved Boss/Base.
• Then the Blades were created using the Reference plane, lofted boss/base, and fillets.
• Then the remaining five blades were created by using circular pattern.
• Then the center circular portion was removed using Extruded cut option.
• Finally the part was saved by adding proper appearance.
  4. GARAGE DOOR

• A garage door is a large door on a garage that opens either manually or by an electric motor. The operating mechanism is spring –loaded or counterbalanced to offset the weight of the door and reduce human or motor effort required to operate the door. The doors are made of wood ,metal ,or fiberglass.

• COMMENDS USED TO MODEL

• IN SKETCH

  • Line
  • sp line
  • Circle
  • Text

  IN FEATURES

  • Extrude cut
  • Reference plane
  • Fillet
  • Shell
  • Mirror

  • MODELLING PROCEDURE

  • The solid body Split while creating the Hull was imported to model the garage door.
  • by using the Extrude cut the chamfered face for the door was created.
  • Then using the shell feature the solid body for our garage door was created and proper fillets were applied.
  • Then the door holders both side were created by Extruded cut.
  • Then the second half of the garage door was created using mirror tools.
  • Then the text over the garage door “Yacht Tutorial. in” was created using the text option in sketch feature.
  • Finally the part was saved by applying proper appearance.

  • 5.RADAR

  • Marine radars are x band or s band radars on ship , used to detect other ships and land obstacles ,To provide bearing and distance for collision avoidance and navigation at sea . They are electronic navigation instruments that use a rotating antenna to sweep a narrow beam of microwaves around the water surface surrounding the ship to the horizon, detecting targets by microwaves reflected from them , generating a picture of the ships surroundings on a display screen.

    COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

    IN SKETCH

    • Line
    • Text
    • Circle
    • Point

    IN FEATURES

    • Extruded boss/base
    • Extruded cut
    • Sketch pattern
    • Fillet, mirror, split line.
• 

• MODELLING PROCEDURE

• By drawing the required sketch the body of the radar was created using extruded boss/base.
• By using the sketch pattern the four dotted holes were created by extruded cut.
• The radar has a circular slot underneath which was created using the extruded cut.
• The other half was mirrored.
• The text over the radar was created using the text option in sketch and then split line was used to generate over the face of the radar.
• At last the radar filleted the edges of the body and also around the four holes
• Finally saved by adding appearance.

• 6.FRONT SEAT

• Front seat feature two connected seats that are built back to back from one and other .They have a built in strong unit underneath them. The front seat in our model was placed before the superstructure and also it has sun pads to rest on it.

• 

• COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

• IN SKETCH

  • Sketch picture
  • Line
  • Sp line
  • Circle
  • Arcs

  IN SURFACES

  • Extruded surface
  • Lofted surface
  • Trim surface
  • Filled surface
  • Knit surface
  • Swept surface
  • Revolved surface

  IN FEATURES

  • Extruded cut
  • Revolved boss/base
  • Chamfer
  • Fillet
  • Mirror
  • Dome

• MODELLING PROCEDURE

  • The front seat of the yacht was also created with the help of blueprint
  • The first half was created and other half was mirror.
  • The front seat was placed before the superstructure facing the water feature of the superstructure and the back and must be placed on the bow of the yacht.
  • The body of the front seat was created using swept surface Extruded surface, filled surface, the unwanted part removed by trim surface.
  • The four seat beds were created using extruded boss/base and applied dome feature.
  • Then applied chamfer and fillets.
  • Finally saved the part with adding appearances.

• 7.MIDDELE SEAT

  The middle seat in our model was placed just behind the superstructure .It is provided with a luxury table to dine out. It can also be used to have casual meeting with co passengers.

• 

  COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

  IN SKETCH

  • Sketch picture
  • Line
  • Rectangle

  IN FEATURES

  • Extruded boss/base
  • Chamfer
  • Fillet
  • Mirror
  • Reference plane

  MODELLING PROCEDURE

  • The middle seat was created using extruded boss/base and applying chamfer and filled.
  • All the surfaces created must be knitted together using knit option.
  • The dining table was also created using reference plane, extruded boss/base ,off set, chamfer and Mirror.
  • The second half of the seat was mirror.
  • Finally the part was saved by applying proper appearances.

  8.REAR SEAT

  The rear seat was placed at the end of the deck surface . The rear seat consist of locker racks and steel doors for our strains. The flag was placed behind the rear seat since its end part of our yacht . Top have a nice view from the yacht while having drink the rear seat was also provided with a slots to rest the glass or mug.

  COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

  IN SKETCH

  • Sketch picture
  • Line
  • Sp line
  • Circle
  • Arcs
  • rectangle

  IN SURFACES

  • Swept surface
  • Extruded surface
  . Off set surface
• • Filled surface
  • Knit surface
  • Ruled surface
  • Lofted surface

  IN FEATURES

  • Reference plane
  • Extruded boss/base
  • Revolved boss/base
  • Fillet
  • mirror

  MODELLING PROCEDURE

  • The main body of rear seat was created using swept surface, off-set surface, and the remaining portion was trimmed using trim surface tolls.
  • By using reference plane the seats were created with the help of the lofted surface, surface trim, extended surface.
  • The flag post was created using revolved boss/base and flag drawing required 3d sketch were lofted to from a flag.
  • The tail lamp created by using extruded boss/base, fillets, and mirror.
• 
• The steel gates for stairs was designed by using the reference plane and the swept surface.
• Then remove the gaps the all the surfaces must be knitted .
• the required filled applied and mirroring the second half using mirror tools.
• Finally the part was saved by adding proper appearances
• 9.RADARMAST

• A mast is a vertical ship structure mounted on top of bridge and forward of the for castle towards the ships bow. It accounts for the support platform for the ships derrick and hole necessary equipments such as radar navigation light and ships horn in case of formast . They are made of high tensile steel with added rigidity based on the size of the derricks it holds.

  Out of different parts of ship the main job of mast is to hold necessary equipment such as radar receiver ,navigation light, ship horn, and derricks in some case.

• COMMANDS USED TO MODEL

  IN SKETCH

  • Sketch picture
  • Line
  • Sp line
  • Rectangle
  • Arcs

  • IN FEATURE

    • Extruded boss/base
    • Lofted boss/base
    • Revolved boss/base
    • Swept boss/base
    • Reference plane
    • Projected curve
    • Fillet
    • Mirror
    • Dome
    • Shell

    MODELLING PROCEDURE

    • The first half of the radar was designed with the help of the blueprint and the other half was designed with mirror help of mirror tools.
    • The body of the radar was created with the feature of extrude boss/base and revolve boss/base.
    • The antenna of the radar was created using extruded boss/base.
    • The lamp stand with the connecting rod was created by swept boss/base and help of mirror tools.
    • The lamp was created using projected curve and swept boss/base .
    • The horns was created using revolved boss/base , dome, and shell.
    • Then fillets and chamfer was applied.
    • Finally the part was saved by applying appropriate appearances.
    • 

    • ASSEMBLY

    • An assembly is a document in which parts, features ,and other assemblies (sub assembly) are mated together . The parts and sub-assemblies exit in documents separate from the assembly . For example in an assembly , a piston can be mated to other parts such as a connecting rod or cylinder. This new assembly then used as a sub assembly in an assembly of an engine. The extension for a solid works assembly file name is SLDASM
    • 

    • ASSEMBLY COMMANDS

    • • Smart Mate- A smart mate is an assembly mating relation that is created automatically.
      • Mate- A mate is a geometric relationship, such as coincident , perpendicular , tangent, and so on , between parts and assembly.
      • Mate group- A mate group is a collection of mates that are solved together

      .

      • Sub –assembly- A sub assembly is an assembly document that is a part of a larger assembly .For example –the steering mechanism of a car is a sub assembly of the car.
      • Insert component- we can insert multiple instances of the group of components without closing the property manager.
      • 

      • ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE

      • • Import all the parts manually by using insert component option.
        • Then fix the hull automatically.
        • Then for each part expect of rear seat garage door apply the necessary mate required by blueprint picture using coincident mates, angle mates, distance mates etc.

        .

        • Advanced mate was also used whenever required.
        • The final assembly of “AMERICAN CHOPPER” in the garage was designed as my previous project.

        • RENDERING

        • Rendering of the solid works model is done using photoview360 and solid works visualize.

          Photoview360 is a visualization and rendering solution included with solid works . providing a highly interactive for viewing designs as well as for creating photo realistic rendering it can be used to showcase our design.

          Solid works visualize (formerly known as bunk speed) provides a suite of standalone software tools that combine industry leading rendering with visual design-oriented features and work flows, allowing easy and fast creation of visual content that communicates a designs vision ,passion, and emotion.

        • 
        • 

        • PHOTOVIEW 360

        • Photo view 360 is a software package ,separate to solid works ,which generates digital lifelike images(photo realistic images) from solid works files.

          • Enviroments – enviroment can be looked upon as backdrops and can be applied in a similar manner as the appearances are applied to faces or parts.
          • Appearances- there are wider range of appearances in photoview360 than in solid works .
          • lighting- lighting may be added in the same way a photographer adds lights when taken photographs.
          • Scenes- each solid works model is associated with a photo view 360 scene.
          • Decals- image such as company logo can be applied.
          • Output- The rendered output from photo view 360 can be viewed on the screen, or saved to a graphics file.
          • Options- photoview360 has it own options. Options allow you to customize the photo view 360 setting to reflect the preferences. Options divided into output image setting, render quality. Bloom. Contour rendering and direct caustics.
          • 

          • SOLID WORKS VISUALIZE

          • Quickly and easily created professional ,photo –quality images, ,and other interactive 3d content to get your products to market faster.

            Solid works visualize allows us to leverage our 3d cad data to create photo quality in the fastest and easiest way we can –from images ,animations, interactive web content, virtual reality.

            Some renders are fast but output low quality image. Some produce great quality but take six months to learn. Others are easy to use ,but take four hours to render an image . Solid works

            Visualize provides the right combinations of quality ,speed, and each of use , and it is the best render.

          • SOME RENDERED SAMPLE IMAGES

            VISUALIZED NEAR SEA

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          • CAMARA VIEW FOCUSING ON GARAGE

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          • CONCLUSION

          • Thus the project design ,modeling and photo realistic rendering of American predator yacht was modeled and rendering successfully in 2020 solid works.

            “ I SPECIALLY THANKU MY MENTOR SABHARISHWARAN J R FOR GUIDING ME AND HELPING ME WITH THE DIFFICULTIES I FACE DURING COMPLECTION OF PROJECT.”