Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1. Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram.

Answer: Above daigram is of automotive wiring circuit daigram, which consists of.

1) Battery 2) Stater 3) Breaker 4) Ignition coil 5) Distributor 6) Generator 7) Junction Block 8) Scaled Beam

9) Horn 10) Parking lamp 11) Current and Voltage Regulator 12) Foot Selector Switch 13) Ammeter

14) Horn Button 15) Dome Light Switch 16) Tail Stop 17) Beam LT Stop Lt 18) Light Switch

2. Explain the purpose and working of any three elements briefly ?

Answer:

1) Battery:

a) Purpose: The main purpose of the battery in automotive system is to start the Vehicle, Also with help of battery power we can run radio inside the car, it helps to give light to the headlight of the automotive system.

b) Working: Battery is DC system. Hence battery means storage of energy which latter can be used in the car. Hence an AC current is converted to DC and it is stored in the battery. When we give ignition i.e when we give order to start the engine (stator) at that time energy stored in the battery is used to start the starter or to start the vehicle. Battery is connected to starter and also there is ammeter attached to check the current in the battery.

2) Ignition Coil:

a) Purpose: The main purpose of ignition coil is to spark the plug.

b) Working: Ignition coil is used to give spark, it act a transformer, the electrical energy (voltage) from the battery is converted to high voltage current and that current is used to spark the plug. Basically the voltage received from the battery is low and for ignition high voltage is required and hence Ignition coil is used.

3) Generator (alternator):

a) Purpose: The main purpose of generator is to charge the battery.

b) Working: So to start the starter we require the battery energy, what if the battery power is almost going to finish how to charge the battery, it is not always possible to charge the battery from external source, hence when the vehicle is running the work of alternator is to charge the battery regularly and supply power to the system again.

4) Distributor

a) Purpose: The main purpose of the distributor is to disturb the energy to the respective system.

b) Working: There is sparking going on in the engine, so the work of distributor is to give correct amount of spark and the timing for the sparking.

3. If the total load is 10A from battery, what should be the fuse rating?

Answer: The fuse rating is always greater than load current. Hence for 10A battery 15A fuse rating is used.

4. If 500W is the load, what is the voltage and capacity of battery you recommend?

Answer: A normal battery has a voltage around 12V and to find capacity we will be using power equation i.e.

P= V x I, P= 500W & V =12V

500=12 x I

I = 500/12

I= 41.6 A

Hence Capacity is 41.6 Ah

5. Identify any two elements which are connected parallel to each other. Why they are connected in parallel?

Answer:

1) Car Bulbs (Interior & Exterior)

2) Fan

3) Voltmeter

4) Horn

Reason behind connecting them in parallel is because we want voltage to be same. Voltage should be same that's the main reason. Because if the same voltage is supplied to both the bulb then only both will blow at same time.

Hence, Voltage should be same for Parallel Connection

6. Identify any two elements which are connected in series. Why they are connected in series?

Answer:

1) Battery

2) Fuse

3) Ammeter

Reason behind connecting them in series is because the current should be same when applied to the above system. If the current supplied is less then that may hamper the fuse system

Hence, Current should be same for Series Connection.