Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1. Major elements in the above wiring diagram are.

• Battery
• Generator
• Voltage regulator
• Fuse
• Distributor
• Switch
• Gauges
• Light
• Horn
• Brake
• Wire
• Sensors
• Starter motor
• Ignition coil

2.

• Battery:- It is the most essential element of the automotive wiring circuit. It acts as the reservoir of electric power. It supplies electric power to all components of the wiring system.
• Generator:- It is a component connected with engine that produces electric current and supplies to the battery for storage.
• Voltage regulator:- Controls the generator's power output to the battery. It helps keep the voltage in the wiring system between 13.5V and 14.5V to protect the electrical components of the vehicle.

3. Fuse rating will be 20% more than the load current, henceif the load current from battery is 10A, then fuse rating will be 20%more than 10A

ie, 12A fuse

4. Assume the battery voltage is 12V.

A 500W load would draw a current = 500÷12 = 41.66A

So a battery of 12V and 50Ah would smoothly supply electric current to the load for 1hr

A battery of 12V and 100Ah would do the same for 2 hours.

Hence, it is recommended to use a battery of 12V voltage and 150Ah capacity.

5. Switch and horn are connected in series so that the horn produces sound only when needed because the electric current from the battery reaches the horn only if the switch is ON ant the Horn's circuit is closed. All other times the switch would be OFF and the Horn's circuit will be open and it will not work.

6. Both the headlights of the far are connected in parallel because if connected in series the current will have to pass from one light to the other and the resistance of the first light bulb will affect the amount of current reaching the second bulb and thus the second bulb will not glow as bright as the first blub. When these are connected in parallel the current will flow into each of the bulbs separately independent of each other and both the bulbs will receive equal amount of current and glow with same brightness.