Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1.Ans) Major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram are Battery, Fuse, Indicating Light/Beam light, Generator, Gas tank Linit, Junction Block, Light Switch/Selector Switch, Breaker, Junction block, Distributor, Ammeter, Horn, Scalcd beam, Horn.

2.Ans) The 3 elements are Battery, Fuse Box and Generator

Battery

Battery is a rechargeable battery that is used to start a motor vehicle. Its main purpose is to provide an electric current to the electric-powered starting motor, which in turn starts the chemically-powered internal combustion engine that actually propels the vehicle.

Fuse Box

A car fuse box has a series of different fuses, relays and diodes to protect the electrical circuits from overload or short circuit. The fuse box is powered directly by the battery. The wires from the fuse box connected to the vehicle components that need protection.

Generator

Generator will converts motive power into electrical power for use in an electrical circuit. Generators are not create electricity, but it convert mechanical or chemical energy into electrical energy. it capturing power of motion and turning it into electrical energy by forcing electrons from the external throgh an electrical circuit.

3.Ans) fuse is protection device which will blow when the excessive current pass throught the circuit, 5A circuit cannot handle 10 amps, then 5A fuse will open circuit and stop the flow of the current.

Fuses should be at least 25% larger than the maximum continuous current you plan to draw. If a 10A full load battery get 10A plus 25% means 12.5A fuse rate but sometime load requried more current, so we recommend 15A fuse

10A fuse usually not a safe minimum, Potential impulses or even small fluctuations as a fuse is designed to not exceed the restriction on the current,to prevent damage of circuit.

4.Ans) The Load is 500W to find voltage and capacity we need to know the Discharging time

So, Assume Battery capacity is 200Ah and Voltage is 24V

Discharging Time=Battery Capacity*Battery Volt/Device Watt

= 200Ah*24/500

=200*24/500

=9.6 Hours

if we take 90% power efficiency then

Discharging Time=Battery Capacity * Battery Volt*0.9 / Device Wat

=200*24*0.9/500

=8.64 hours

So, I recommend 24 V 200Ah battery for 500W Load because we have 8 to 9 hours Discharging Time so average 5 to 6 hours backup battery is good.

5.Ans) This two elements which are connected parallel to each other. Dome light, TAil stop are connected to parallel to each other even positive side is connected to positive side and negative side is connected to all the negative side it increases the run time and maintain the voltage where voltage will be same.

6.Ans) Fuse and Ammeter are connected in series because fuse is protection device which built around a conductive strip it is designed to melt in case of excessive current flow. So fuse must connected to series with circuit to protected from excessive current, if fuse blow it open entire circuit and stop the flow of current in circuit.

Ammetrer is used to measures the amount of current flowing in a circuit and it is low resistance device, it is not good to connected in parallel because it draws most of the current and get damaged, so it always connected in series