Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

ANSWERS

1. The major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram are Ignition switch,Starter, Battery,Ammeter,Fuse, Breaker, Ignition coil, Generator,Distributor and Current and Voltage regulator.

2. Battery : The Battery is used to store energy required to start the Starter motor which inturn runs the generator which produces the electric current required to run the automotive system.

Generator : The Generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by rotating a magnet around the electrical windings, this powers the various electrical systems like instrument lights, horn, fuel gauge etc through the Current voltage regulator.

Current and Voltage regulator : The electrical current obtained from the Generator is fed into the regulator which determines and regulate the current and voltage required by each of the electrical system. The current is fed through the fuse which provides excess current protection.

3. Load = 10A

Considering the car battery to be 12V

V = 12V

Fuse rating = P*1.5/V

= V*I*1.5/V

= 12*10*1.5/12

= 15A

4. P = 500W

Since from given I = 10A

V = P/I

V = 500/10

= 50 V

Battery capacity (Ah) = I

= 10 Ah

Battery capacity (Wh) = 50*10

= 500 Whr

which means that the battery can supply max 10 Amps of current at 50 V with the C rating of 1 for 1 hour.

5. The elements which are connected in parallel are the 'Horn' and 'Parking lamp'.

Horn : The Horns are connected parallely so that the voltage across the two loads remains same and the current flows through the both the circuits at the same time. This results in the both the low frequency and high frequency horns to be activated and in sync at the same time.

The total current flowing through the main circuit is equal to the sum of currents in individual circuits.

I_main = I1 +I2

Parking lamp : The Parking lamp are connected parallely so the that current splits equally and the light can function even if the other one in the circuit fails.

6. The elements which are connected in series are 'Battery' and 'Ammeter'.

Battery : The Battery is Connected in series so that high voltage is used to power the loads in the circuit.

Ammeter : The Ammeter is connected in series so the current from the battery is measured before being connected to the individual loads. The total current in the series circuit remais same.

I_main = I1 = I2