Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
QUESTION 1 ANSWER
FOLLOWING ARE THE MAJOR ELEMENTS IN THE ABOVE AUTOMOTIVE WIRING DIAGRAM
1.BATTERY
2.STARTER
3.GENRATOR
4.CURRENT AND VOLTAGE REGULATOR
QUESTION 2 ANSWER
1. BATTERY
PURPOSE: PURPOSE OF THE BATTERY IN AUTOMOBILE IS TO SUPPLY POWER TO STARTER MOTOR TO START THE VEHICLE AND ALSO RUN ALL ELCTRICAL SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE (e.g. lights,horn,audio system etc)WHEN ENGINE IS OFF.
WORKING: WHEN YOU INSERT KEY IN AUTOMOBILE IGNITION AND TURN ON IGNITION BY KEY OR PUSH THE BUTTON TO ON ELECTRICAL SIGNAL IS GENRATED THIS SIGNAL IS SENT TO THE CAR'S BATTERY. AFTER RECIEVING THIS SIGNAL THE CAR BATTERY CONVERTS CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY.THIS ELECTRICAL ENERGY IS TO START THE VEHICLE AND ALSO RUN OTHER ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN THE CAR.
2. STARTER
PURPOSE: PURPOSE OF STARTER IS TO START THE VEHICLE.
WORKING: WHEN YOU TURN ON THE IGNITION ELECTRICAL SIGNAL IS GENRATED.BY RECEIVING THE ELECTRICAL SIGNAL BATTERY GENRATES ELECTRICAL POWER FROM CHEMICAL REACTION.THIS POWER SENT TO THE STARTER MOTOR. MOTOR HAS SMALL STARTING GEAR. THIS STARTER MOTOR GEAR STARTS ROATATING THE ENGINE.THIS ALLOWS IT TO INJECT AIR FUEL INTO THE CYLINDERS AND START COMBUSTION PROCESS THAT ALLOWS IT TO RUN ON IT'S OWN.
3.ALTERNATOR OR GENRATOR
PURPOSE: PURPOSE OF GENRATOR IS TO CHARGE THE BATTERY AND POWER THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM WHEN THE ENGINE IS RUNNING. IT CONVERTS MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY.
WORKING- ALTERNATOR CONVERTS THE MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY. WHEN YOUR ENGINE IS ON IT GIVES POWER TO DRIVE BELT THAT REST ON PULLEY ATTACHED TO THE ALTERNATOR. THE PULLEY ROTATES THE ALTERNATOR ROTOR SHAFT WHICH SPINS A SET OF MAGNETS AROUND COIL THIS ROTATING MAGNETES GENRATES AC CURRENT THIS AC CURRENT SENT TO THE ALTERNATOR RECTIFIRE. THIS RECTIFIRE CONVERTS AC CURRENT TO DC CURRENT. THIS DC POWER IS SUPPLIED TO YOUR CAR'S ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS.
QUESTION 3 ANSWER
BATTERY VOLTAGE=12V ......(GIVEN)
Iamps=10A
TO FIND FUSE RATING
Iamps=P(watts)/V(voltage)
P=10*12
P=120watts
I=P/V=120/12
I=10AMPS
QUESTION 4 ANSWER
TOTAL LOAD (P)=500watts
LOAD CURRENT (AMP-HOUR)=TOTAL LOAD(W)/BATTERY VOLTAGE(V)
Iah=500/12
Iah=41.66amps-hour
ENERGY CAPACITY (E)=P*T
E=V*I*T
E=41.66*12
E=499.92KW-H
RECOMENDED CAPACITY OF BATTERY IS 499.92 KW-H
QUESTION 5 ANSWER
ELEMENTS WHICH ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL CONECTION IN ABOVE DIAGRAM
1.HEADLIGHT
2.PARKING LAMP
3.HORN
4.TAIL STOP LIGHTS
IN PARALLEL CONECTION ABOVE COMPONENTS ARE PLACED IN PARALLEL WITH EACH OTHER DUE TO WHICH THE CIRCUIT SPLITS THE CURRENT FLOW. THERE IS ONE MORE ADVANTAGES OF PARALLEL CIRCUITS IS THAT THEY ENSURE ALL COMPONENTS IN THE CIRCUIT HAVE THE SAME VOLTAGE AS THE SOURCE.FOR INSTANCE, ALL BULBS HAVE SAME BRIGHTNESS.
QUESTION 6 ANSWER
ELEMENTS WHICH ARE CONECTED IN SERIES CONECTIONS IN ABOVE DIAGRAM
1.BATTERY
2.IGNITION
3.FUEL GAUGE
4.GENRATOR
A SERIES CONECTION PROVIDES EXACTLY ONE PATH BETWEEN ANY TWO POINTS FOR ELECTRIC CURRENT .THIS CONECTIONS HAVE ADVANTAGES OF MAKING EACH COMPONENT VERY DEPENDENT ON THE OTHER COMPONENT.THIS MEANS.IF WE TURN OF THE IGNITION SWITCH VEHICLE IGNITION STOP MEANS ENGINE STOP FIRING.AND ALL THE SYSTEM OF CAR TURNED OFF.