Project 3

1. Design the roadway layout for the mainline, and all the intersecting streets.
2. Design templates for mainline and intersecting streets. (Refer to the assignments for inputs on all the parameters, assume anything else if required and mention the same)
3. Create corridor for mainline alignment.
4. Design Superelevation with e max = 6%. Use appropriate super calculation SEP/SRL file.
5. Apply superelevation to the corridor.
6. Review the dynamic cross sections throughout mainline. Pay detail attention at all the intersections.
7. Make necessary changes to the intersecting alignment proposed profiles designed in mini project. (Refer the corridor file for EOP points to be incorporated)
8. Model the retaining wall at the alignment created in the mini project. Point control necessary points.
9. By model detailing tools, model the parking lot. Apply end conditions of Curb & Gutter, Berm and End Conditions.
10. Place civil cells at all the intersection streets. (Clip the mainline corridor at intersecting streets with the help of template design)
11. Create earth work quantities, component quantities and save them in PDF reports.
12. Generate geometry reports, corridor reports and save them in PDF formats.

1. Design the roadway layout for the mainline, and all the intersecting streets.

• Open ORD => New file=>Seed 2D and Name file as Mainline Alignment
• File loads up=>go to attach file by reference attachment=> survey topo.dgn file=>attach the file with surface to grid factor 1:1.00012=> file loads up=>go to Utilities and setup the coordinate system=> now turn off all levels except the existing pavement edges and C/L by the Level display.
• Go back to the reference attachment method and attach the existing and proposed ROW files.
• Again, go back to the level display and select each model and hide unnecessary data except the existing and proposed edge lines (Please check the line properties before going into Level display)
• Go to attributes and click level override to view the lines in white and orange colour.
• Now click the space key in the keyboard and MicroStation menu pops up=> now click copy=>select the 1st straight portion (or simple element) near the junction (just after the radius part) move from the base snap point and return and keep it in the same point in order to keep it active.
• Now turn off the proposed ROW from the Level display which is very important
• Go to complex tools=>click Define by best fit=>window appears=> Best fit=>Complex by edges=>Envelope parameter=>0=>Rounding parameter=>0=>Include spirals=>no=>Default Radius=>3000
• Select primary and secondary objects and accept it a new proposed C/L appears in white colour
• Now click the C/L and flyout menu appears with and additional option convert to horizontal rules=>click the C/L and accept it
• Now turn on the Aerial Image, also turn on the Proposed ROW lines and now go along the line and select any portion with a narrow ROW and repeat the same procedure (Before that Go to Horizontal lines=>window appears =>assign FD=>alignment =>preliminary planning=> Geom tmp.( Do make the temp C/L a complex line before drawing arcs).
• Now after creating the new C/L delete both parent lines and repeat the procedure near the end of the road with intersection point. And go to arcs => Arc between elements => Draw new arc matching the alignment C/L.
• Now repeat the same procedure for the intersecting junctions to create alignment for the junctions.

• Now turn on the aerial image and extend both lines till the intersection and check the angle difference between tangents, if its more than 1 degree provide curve to make it smooth. Also  after this we want convert the lines into a complex line by complex by element method.

• Now go ahead and assign a station value to the alignment.
• Go to Drawing=>Modify=>start station=>locate the element=> assign start distance=>go to the start point=>enter the station value 50+00 now the station value has been assigned.
• Now turn on Civil toggles=>click station offset=>click on any point on the line it shows the station as zero=> Now go to Civil toggles=>hold on the drop-down menu=>E switch dialogue mode=>new window appears=>pick the C/L line and chainage can be seen as per the cursor movement on the line.
• Go to horizontal geometry=> offsets and tapers=> using single offset entire element=>draw edge pavemnt and edge of shoulder lines.
• Go to reference attach window=>attach eterrain file from the Survey folder=>attach with live nesting depth 1=>now click on the view 8 => profile window opens up=> go to view and arrange both models in the same display=>click on the eterrain model and flyout menu appears=>select set as active =>now go to profile window and fit view=> now the actual profile data appears on the screen.

2.Design templates for mainline and intersecting streets. (Refer to the assignments for inputs on all the parameters, assume anything else if required and mention the same)

• The step by step procedure for creating new template for pavement has been explained below.

  Open ORD=> T&E=>TI

  Browse new 2D seed file=> name the file as Corridor Basics=>Blank file opens up

  Go attach file => attach eterrain.dgn via interactive method with surface to grid factor 1:1.00012=> live nesting depth=>1

  Now attach the geometry file=>attach project mainline alignment file with surface to grid factor 1:1 and nesting depth 0 => fit view

  Open corridor tab=> click new corridor=>new window appears =>FD=> Design and name it Corridor=>and locate the project base line (C/L) and message appears on cursor 'Locate profile reset for active profile (Do right click or clicks) and new corridor lines appears on both sides of C/L

• Now click on the 'New Template Drop command=> New window appears=>expand the Template check box in the window=>right click on the file path and select Template=>'Asphalt' w/curbs=>Undivided=>2lanes
  Turn off the display for eterrain file and lock the start to '0' and select end chainage as 5200.00 and hit enter => select the drop interval as 10" and click on the outer corridor lines to accept it.
  A template drop appears with new additional graphics and civil handles.

• The template can be extended till the end by simply click and drag on the civil handles.

• Now create point control for CL, EOPs and using corridor references clip the intersecting streets along the mainline alignment.

3.Create corridor for mainline alignment.

• The answer contains in the above question 

4.Design Superelevation with e max = 6%. Use appropriate super calculation SEP/SRL file.

5.Apply superelevation to the corridor.

• Open ORD=>go ahead and open a blank file with seed 2D and name it as superelevation.
• Attach corridor basics.dgn (default model not 3D) with live nesting 0 and same way attach project mainline alignment with live nesting 0.
• Now turn the display off for the corridor basics.dgn and do a fit view.
• Now go to Superelevation tab=>create super elevation sections=>small window appears=>name it as Project super=>locate the corridor alignment=>give start 0 and end point at end chainage=> left click (min target length keep it 3000) =>proceed lane creation method  'Manual'.
• Now, the outer lines are created
• It can be noted that there is a white line is diving the entire corridor into two sections due to the tangent length given as 3000. It can be either avoided by selecting and deleting the 2nd section and extending the first one or the delete both of the SE sections and give a higher value of tangent length to create another one which can be seen below.
•  Now go to create superelevation lanes=>locate SE sections=>pick it=>small window appears=>Name LT=>Type=>primary=>side of CL=>Left=> offset 0=>width =>24=>slope 2%.
  Now the SE lane has been created in the left side.
• Do the same for RHS.
• Now simply select the LHS SE lane=>go to properties=>change slope +2% and a new SE lane has been created as seen below.
• Now in order to calculate SE=>go to Calculate SE => locate the 1st SE section (outer line)=> Reset to complete=>small window appears=>alt+down arrow key=>select AASHTO 2018 Imperial=>select OK. Do a data point.
  e selection max=>pick 6%
  L selection =>speed table
  Design speed 50
  Pivot method=>crown=> do a data point=> Open editor=>yes=>Table opens up
• Now the SE need to apply to the corridor and workflow for applying SE to corridor as follows
  First detach the corridor basics file attached to the SE file=>Now open corridor basics in a different file=>attach the SE file=>go to attributes and turn on the fill.

 

6.Review the dynamic cross sections throughout mainline. Pay detail attention at all the intersections.

• Open the same SE file=>go to attributes=>Turn off the fill=>The transition cab seen in the file. In some cases the transition length is shown as small compared to the thumb rule which is 3 times the speed limit.
• The changes can be made by clicking the outer lines or it can be done by picking each SE lanes.
• So firstly, pick the LT side =>pick the slope and change it to 2%. It can be observed that the triangle has been tipped. Now in order to change the transition length, select the triangle and move it, now the transition length will increase.
• Or else, click on the chainage and edit the chainage to increase the transition length.
• Also, it is important to know the 0 slope sections in the SE lane.
  in order to know the exact location of the 0 slope positions, Open the profile view=> go to Geometry=>horizontal=>point=>come back to profile view=>hover it over the profile view=>the exact location could be seen in the plan.

7.Make necessary changes to the intersecting alignment proposed profiles designed in mini project. (Refer the corridor file for EOP points to be incorporated)

• Necessary changes have been made in the corridor including point controls and corridor references (refer Q2)

8.Model the retaining wall at the alignment created in the mini project. Point control necessary points.

• Go to ORD and Open the Q2Corridor basics.dgn=> Go to geometry=>Horizontal=>Arc=>Arc between points=>draw with start-end-pass through method within the proposed ROW. Now click on the model=>flyout menu=>open the profile view=>Turn on the civil accudraw and see the road top levels at start and end portions=>go to vertical draw complex by PI along the profile.
• Give the name as wall top PGL=>click on the line =>flyout menu=>set the profile as active=>Now go to model detailing=>apply=>linear template=>locate the template alignment (newly drawn retaining wall line)=>click Alt+down arrow key=>window opens up=>go to the components=>walls=>select retaining wall 2
  Now turn on the civil accudraw tool (turn off the sun symbol) =>give start and end points=>select which side the wall to placed=>give description as Retaining wall_RT_01=>command processes and wall has been created. But in the XS view, the wall height seems to be not correct which needs further editing.
• In order to edit the retaining wall, click on the retailing wall corridor handles=>flyout menu=>edit templates=>select the points=>right click and test point controls, it has been noted that except one point, none other points are functioning properly. So, select retaining wall no:03. This can be done by going back to plan =>click on retaining wall corridor handles=> flyout menu=>properties=>change retaining wall 2 retaining wall 3(double click will not work in the ITL file). Again click on the retaining wall corridor handles=>flyout menu=>edit template drop=>ITL file opens up=>select wall_FG point=>right click and test point controls(vertical)=>it is moving vertically but the opposite point is not moving so, the constraint needs to be adjusted for the other point=>change constraint 2 to vertical, wall FG and 0 , now test the point controls=>points are working fine=>now test points Wall FG and DNC , both points are working fine=>save changes and close the ITL file window.
• Now come back to plan=>click on the retaining wall (not handles) =>flyout menu=>point controls=>locate the start and end points in the plan=>give description as Top of wall=>locate the point Wall_FG2 on the corridor=>vertical=>linear geometry=>locate the plan alignment (carefully needs to locate it as very difficult to identify it from number of lines) and command processes. Now at many places the height of the retaining wall is more than the required, it can be optimized by clicking on the alignment line=>flyout menu=>open profile view=>edit smoothly by inserting a vertex or a number of vertices.

9.By model detailing tools, model the parking lot. Apply end conditions of Curb & Gutter, Berm and End Conditions.

• Open the same corridor basics.dgn file=>attach the eterrain file and turn on major and minor contours=>go to drawing and draw a rectangle=>click and select the rectangle=>flyout menu=>add surface to the profile=>locate the reference surface=>reset to complete=>Once completed, click again on rectangle=>open flyout menu=>open profile model for each line=>it can be observed that max elevation is around 420. However other profiles are much lower=> so draw a straight line around elevation 405 make it active. Do the same for all other lines.

• Now go to terrain=>From elements=>locate all lines of the rectangle =>rest to complete=>small window appears=>Give feature type=>Break line and edge method=>Remove slivers=>command processes=>3D surface has been created over the parking lot.

• Now go to model detailing=>apply surface template=>locate terrain model(click on the zig zag lines inside the lot)=>apply external clip boundary=>No=>Alt+Down arrow key=>pick template=>surface template=>concrete pavt wth aggregate base=>do a data point inside the rectangle=>Nothing special could be seen in plan, but zoom in the 3D view, it can be seen that concrete surface has been created.

• In order to add boundary to the parking lot=>click on the apply linear template=>window appears=>locate the 4 sides of the parking lot=>select template=>alt+down arrow=>pick template=>components=>curbs=>curb+gutter=>curb+gutter type-1=>give a limit station on the rectangle. Now the external boundary has been created.

10.Place civil cells at all the intersection streets. (Clip the mainline corridor at intersecting streets with the help of template design)

• Open ORD and browse the Q2 corridor basics.dgn file. All the corridor references have been applied to this profile earlier. So go ahead and create profile for the Intersection alignments.
  Click on the CL of intersection line and open profile view with flyout menu=>draw a PI with complex vertical tools.

• In order to design the intersection, the proposed level of the mainline alignment at the intersection must be known. So, go to vertical=>profile creation =>profile intersection point=> Select the small intersection line 1st and mainline alignment 2nd, reset to complete and magenta line appeared on the profile which is the correct level for the intersection and the profile needs to be redesigned and cross slope to be taken into account while designing.

• For that, go to references, turn display on for corridor basics=>go to geometry=>vertical=>profile creation=>profile intersection point=>select the CL of small intersection=>pick both EOPs of the main line alignment=>finally pick each CLs and reset to complete. Now 2 more magenta points have been appeared on the profile and the intersection must be designed based on the available data and shoulder details to be added later on.
  Go to vertical and draw simple profile line to match 3 points and observe the slope of it and try to understand the mainline road characteristics of that location. Also, it can be seen that cursor moves equally in plan and profile window and draw simple limit of construction lines based on the location in the plan.
  Also, it can be noted that length of each line is about 11' and 22 ' required as per the standards. So, extend line each side to make it 22' in each side and draw a smooth profile from the limit of construction to match pavement lane.

• Make the profile active from flyout menu. Now in order to place the civil cell=> go to file =>open corridor basics.dgn=>attach Roadway plan.dgn=>Open 3 views=>Go to geometry=>Horizontal=>Draw a line at the outer end of the junction section (on both sides). This is done in order to select the Entrance rural civil cell which is having 3 reference lines. Now go model detailing =>place a civil cell=>Entrances=>Entrance rural=>Ok=>Locate 3 reference lines( First active EOP of main corridor, next locate C/L of the junction part and finally locate the outer end line which drawn)=>a cyan colour civil cell appears over the corridor=> click on the brown arrow to arrange the direction and location of the civil cell =>locate the corridor to be clipped message appears but in this context the corridor has already clipped=> so, reset and accept.

• Note: If the 3D created with errors( for eg: the EOP line which selected might not have a profile in it) or in order to adjust the outer line, then click on that specific line plan (EOP or EOS)view=> flyout menu=>open the profile view=>go to geometry=>vertical=> profile creation=>select=>project profile range to element=>locate the element to project (which is the same line )=>select the plan element to project on to (which is the line just outside of the clipping area and located in line with specific element without profile) , so select it=>project on to ( select the same line without profile)=>select range from start of the clipping area outer line(LHS) to end of the clipping area outer line (RHS). Again, the line created has no profile and the profile must be projected from the nearby inner line towards the outer line. For that click on the outer line (line drawn and projected at outside) => flyout menu=>open profile view. Now go to =>profile creation and project the line of the inner EOP or Eos towards the outer line.
  Note: if there is EOS or EOP line, go to horizontal=>line=>draw a simple line with the same FD (overlapping or extending beyond the point of contact of existing EOS or EOP on both sides in order to understand the profile of road at end points). Go to vertical and open profile view for the line and do the same procedure described in the above paragraph.
  Do the same process for both sides and place the civil cell in the opposite side too. Now the dgn file will look like as shown below.

11.Create earth work quantities, component quantities and save them in PDF reports.

• Open ORD=>browse corridor INT_01.dgn=>go to corridor=>click on corridor reports=>click on component reports=>a table opens up with detailed report of all the components required to construct the road.

• Note: Unit cost of the items can be changed in order to get the total cost of the work.
  Now click on Reports in component quantities window it will generate a detailed quantity report in the xml format based on stations.

• Now go to Review=>Design input reports=>it can be observed that all corridor details, key stations, Template drops, labelled constraints, point controls etc is listed out in the reports.

• Similarly, Result Reports which is detailed report of the entire corridor, milling report and superelevation report can be generated with ORD.

• Note: Element component quantities (under Model analysis and Reports=>Civil analysis) can calculate each component quantities together. For example, this command can add Main corridor +civil cells+ building pad etc and calculate component quantities together.

12.Generate geometry reports, corridor reports and save them in PDF formats.

• The procedure for generating the legal, input, geometry and earthworks can be done from either going into

  Home=>Model analysis and reporting or go to Corridor=>Review=>corridor reports which has been explained in Q11.