Project 2_Creating a 3D rendered model for a Residential Building in AutoCad
Aim: Create a 3D rendered model of a residential building in Autocad
Introduction: The main objective of this project is to understand how to create a plan in 2D, then convert it to 3D using 3D modeling in AUTOCAD, and then use materials and rendering.
AutoCAD is primarily used to generate 2D sketches. Although it is possible to create 3D objects, AutoCAD is built on a flat sketch-based interface. 3D objects are cylinders, spheres and wedges and many others. We use 2D objects and modify them using 3D commands, so we can use 3D commands like extrude, drag, rotate and connect.
The viewport command also allows the user to split the drawing area into different windows to project multiple views of the model. These include top, front, left/right views of the object. Some 2D and 3D tools that were used while working on this project:
2D Tools -
Line: The line object is the most basic and common object in any student's AutoCAD drawing. Each segment is a line object that can be edited individually and assigned properties such as level, linetype, and lineweight.
Construction line
Polygon
Rectangle
copy
Delete
Layers
Mirror
Offset
Extend
Move
Field
Fillet
Rotate
Dimension
Text
Fillet
3D Tools:
Rotate- Draw>Modeling>Rotate
Extrude-Draw>Modeling
In AutocAD 3D, the extrude command allows the user to create a 3D object by extruding a 2D surface along a line or path. For example, a cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and extruding a 2D surface along a line or path. For example, a cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and extruding it along with the path.
Sweep
Drawing > Modeling > Dragging
This command helps the user extrude 2D objects without the 2D face being orthogonal to the start of the path.
union
Edit > Solid Edits > Unite
This AutoCAD 3D command allows the user to join two objects and convert them into a single object.
Subtract
Edit > Solid Edits > Subtract
This command is the opposite of the unification command; this command works when there is a common area in both objects. Then this statement subtracts object A from object B.
Intersect each other
Edit > Solid Edits > Intersection
With this AutoCAD 3D command, the user is left with an area that is common to both objects.
DRAWING
Rendering is the process of creating an image based on 3D objects in a scene. The renderer is used to calculate the appearance of materials attached to objects in the scene and how to calculate lighting and shadows based on lights placed in the scene. The environment and exposure settings of the renderer can be adjusted to control the final rendered image.
Dimensions of windows and doors
Door D-4.6" x 7.0"
D1- 3.0" x 7.0"
D2-2'6" x 7'0"
Window W-6.0" x 4.0"
W1- 5.0" x 3.0"
W2- 4'0" x 3'0"
Method:
Open AutoCAD
In the Start Up Start from zero setting, select Imperial
On the Command tab, type UN and press Enter
Change the units type to decimal and the precision to 0.00 and the embed scale to architectural
STEP 1: Create layers
Open the layer properties and create new layers by clicking on a new layer or right clicking on any layer and selecting new layer to create a new layer
Layers are created as follows
STEP 2: Create a plot
On the command tab, type Rec
Specify point as 25',40'
Close the rectangle
STEP 3:
Type offset in the command line
Enter the offset distance as 9" for the outside wall and 4.5" for the inside wall
Type L enter in the command line
Determine the first point and draw part of the bedroom and toilet on the plan
STEP 4:
Similarly, draw all the other rooms using the Line command
When drawing the stairs, use the copy command for treads (6" ENTRANCE & 1' TREAD)
STEP 5:
Use the Layer command to allocate properties in the appropriate rows.
STEP 6:
1) Type DC in the command line
2) Select the appropriate Component from the dialog box for our plan
3) Drag the component into the plan area and place it where needed
STEP 7:
1) Type TEXT in the command line
2) Type the text in the appropriate area
3) Type DIMLINEAR in the command line
4) Mark the elevation and complete the floor plan of the building
STEP 8:
Extrude using the rectangle method
Type EXT in the command line
Select Object
Enter Extrusion Height as 10'
STEP-9:
Type L enter in the command line
In the command line, type 0.6"
Type 1',0 in the command line and close the line
Type Copy in the command line
Select ARRAY
Put 10 in the command box and connect the baseline up
Type Join in the command line
Select the object and make the entire line as a curve
STEP-10:
The window space is pressed against the wall
STEP-11:
Click the (-) icon in the drawing area
Select 2 Vertical
On the other side of the artboard, switch to isometric view
Lock all layers in the floor plan
STEP-12: Adding the door to the 3D model
Convert all door types to 3D model blocks
Go to the block editor and add rotation parameters and rotation action for all door types
Door D:
The door model as shown in the picture is drawn with dimensions of 4'6" x 7'0"
Using the line, circle and stroke commands, draw the door
D1: 3.0" x 7.0"
Use the line tool and rec , offset to draw the door
Using the Visualization>Material option, we can give the door any material
D2: 2.6" x 7.0"
STEP-13: Build Windows
i. Window 1
Change the current layer to Window Frame
Draw a 5'X4' window
Offset the rectangle to an internal distance of 6"
Offset the same to a distance of 3" inward
Draw a line connecting the centers of the inner rectangle
The same indentation to a distance of 1" inward
Circle in the middle on both sides
Draw another window using the command like line, offset, rec, circle.
W: 6' x 4'
W2: 4'-0" x 3'-0"
H: Vent 2'-0"x1'-0"
STEP-14: Creating a gate for the outer open space
Creating a gate-like part with a certain distance and compressing its outer part with a certain distance and providing a plastic material in between
STEP 15: Creating the floor on the base
Type Presspull in the command line
Select the first copied object and press and drag it a certain distance
Close the presspull command
Type Copy in the command line
Select the source object and place it on top of the object we created
Close the copy command
STEP-16: Creating the tower
Use the press tool to create a tower section on the staircase at 7'
STEP-17: Top plate
STEP-18: Sill Wall
Type Layer in the command line
Create a new layer and name it as Parappat
Select the appropriate color and set the current layer
Type the offset in the command line
Enter offset distance as 31 (wall thickness)
Move the parappat object and type Presspull in the command line
Press and drag it a certain distance to close the command
Type copy in the command line
Select the source object and place it on the board object
STEP-19: Building Elevation
FRONT VIEW: 1
SIDE VIEW
Rendering part: Using the camera
Type Camera in the command line
Select Name and as view 1
do the same for another camera and name it view 2
View 1
STEP 20: Effect of light
The influence of the sun
2D wireframe
Hidden view
Result:
The goal of the project is to draw a rendered view of a residential building. First, the layers are created in step 1. Next, a floor plan of the residential building is drawn, which is the same for all floors, as shown in step 2. Then the drawing and annotation settings are changed to Advanced 3D Modeling to draw a 3D view of the plan. From step 3, a 3D view of the floor plan of the residential building and the extrusion of the walls is made. In the next step, a 3D view of building components such as stairs, doors and windows is drawn. In the next steps, components are added to the building and the superstructure created. In step 6, different views are created that show the result of the project. The last step of the procedure shows the 3D rendering process for the residential house and all the assigned materials for both the superstructure and the building components separately, since most of them are not visible in the superstructure.
