Project 1 _Creating an Architectural plan for the provided plot size and develop relevant basic structural drawings

Aim:- To design and draft a layout of a residential building with plot size of 18.3m x6m, facing the east direction. Also develop the architectural drawing (floor plan, elevations, and sections) and structural srawing (column, bean, footing plan).

Procedure :- Following are the procedure to draw a single storeyed , 2BHK residential building according to the given plot size.

• drawing the floor plan

1. open autocad and set the units to meters.
2. first draw a rectangle of size 18.3x6m using rectangle option.this is the boundary of the plot. mark the directions on the top right side of the plot.
3. using layer properties make the following layers, walls, windows, doors, texts nd dim,section, elevation, vport. give seperate colours to each of the layers.
4. start by offseting 1m from the boundary of the plot. the building should be min of 1m away from the boundary wall.
5. make the current layer as walls. start by drawing a carporch of size 3.5x5m on the left side of the offsetted plot.
6. given the plot dimensions, the room dimensions are of minimum size. draw rectangles representing each room and arrange them within the boundary of the plot drawn.
7. the dimensions used are , bedroom -2.7x2.5m & 2.5x2.5m, kitchen -2.8x2.5m, bathroom -1.1x2.1m & 1.6x1.1m.
8. arrange them in such a way that a good plan is created. after getting an idea of where each room is to be placed, draw the plan. make sure to offset a 0.2m wherever a wall is required.
9. use trim command wherever necessary to trim off the unwanted lines at the corners etc.
10. now make the current layer as windows. there are 4 types of windows of different dimensions, W1,W2,W3 &V1. make each type using rectangle and line command and make them into seperate blocks. insert windows as required.
11. separate sunshades are made for each window. draw sunshade using line property. the sunshade starts 100mm away from the window ends.
12. make the current layer as doors. there are 3 types of doors of different dimensions D1,D2 & D3. make each type of door using rectangle, line , circle and trim command. make them into a block. now by clicking on the block make D1 & D2 into a dynamic block such that they can be flipped. by clicking on the dynamic block properties, click on parameters and select th eflip parameter. then go to actions and click on the actions property.select the object and the required parameter. check if the flip property works and close the edit option.
13. now place the doors whereve required.
14. make the current layer as texts nd dim. using dimension property, dimension all the rooms and boundaries. using text option write down the names of the rooms , doors, windows etc.
15. the floor plan of the building is done

• drawing section of the floor plan

1. to draw the section of the floor plan, cut a section through the longer side of the building and name it as section AA.
2. using construction lines , extend the required lines for drawing section towards the bottom of the plan. make sure to extend lines for windows and doors.
3. draw a horizontal line and then offset a distance of 3m from the line . from this line offset another 1.2m which represents the parapet. from the bottom line offset another line at a height of 2.1m representing the height of the doors and windows.
4. using trim option trim off the lines that are not necessary. using offset option, detailing of the window and door were made.section AA was completed

• drawing elevation of the floor plan

1. to draw the elevation of the plan, the plan was copied the elevation was drawn below it.
2. a horizontal line was drawn first and offseted to the height of the door, terrace floor height and the parapet height.
3. construction line swere drawn to mark the position of the windows and the doors. using trom option the unwanted lines were erased.
4. using offset option, detailings of the windows and doors were done. the sunshade was also drawn
5. steps were drawn in the front.
6. the elevation is now copied and placed on the right side of the firts floor plan drawing.

• drawing the beam detailing

1. the concrete beam in a residential building is the lintel beam. lintel beam is present along entire wall at a height of 2.1m.
2. the size of the beam is 150mm.
3. to draw the C/S of the beam 2 parallel lines at a distance of 0.2m is drawn.close off their ends by joining them with a horizontal line.
4. draw another rectangle of height 150mm inside the 2 parallel lines.at the top an dbottom of the paralle lines make a symbol using line option to indicate that the wall extends further.
5. hatch option is used to hatch the c/s. two different hatch symbols are used , one for brick masonry and another for the concrete beam.
6. using text and dimension option, the figure was marked and labelled.

• drawing of footing plan

1. the footing adopted here is a stepped fotting.
2. 4 squares of size 0.9x0.9m, 0.6x0.6m,0.5x0.5m,0.4x0.4m were drawn and placed in the middle of each other such that the biggest square is on the outside and the smallest one is on the inside.
3. using text and dimension option, the figure was marked and labelled.

• drawing of column

1. a column of size 0.2x0.4m is adopted in this drawing. a recatngle of this size was drawn using line option.
2. all 4 sides of the rectangle were offseted inside by 0.01m. using trim option the unwanted lines were trimmed off.
3. using circle option, a circle of 10mm diametr was drawn and placed on all 4 sides of the inner renatngle.
4. the hook was drawn at the top left side bar.
5. using text and dimension option, the figure was marked and labelled.

all the drawings were them expressed in a layout and pdf copy was taken.

RESULT:- the resulting drawings are given in the PDF file attached below.