Project 1
1.
Multi-Storey Residential Building – Bangalore
Software Used: STAAD Pro Connect Edition, STAAD RCDC, STAAD Foundation Advanced
1. Project Description
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Project Type | Multi-storey Residential Building |
| Location | Bangalore, Karnataka, India |
| Purpose | Residential |
| Building Configuration | G + 6 + Roof |
| Soil Type | Hard Soil |
| Plan Dimensions | 25 m × 16 m |
| Storey Height | 3.5 m |
| Total Building Height | 8 floors × 3.5 m = 28.0 m |
| Seismic Zone | Zone II (IS 1893) |
| Safe Bearing Capacity | 180 kN/m² |
2. Applicable Standards
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| IS 456:2000 | Plain and Reinforced Concrete Design |
| IS 875 (Part 1 to 3) | Dead, Live, Wind Load Calculations |
| IS 1893 (Part 1):2016 | Earthquake Resistant Design |
| IS 13920:2016 | Ductile Detailing of RC Structures |
| SP 16 | Design Aids for RCC |
| IS 3370 | For water retaining if applicable |
3. Design Philosophy
-
RCC Framed Structure designed as a Special Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF).
-
Ductile detailing applied to ensure seismic performance as per IS 13920.
-
Load combinations as per IS 456 and IS 875.
-
Slabs, beams, columns, and footings are designed using STAAD, RCDC, and Excel.
4. Structural System & Member Sizes
| Structural Element | Size (mm) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Slab | 150 | Max thickness specified |
| Beams | 230 × 450 | Primary Beams |
| Secondary Beams | 230 × 350 | To reduce slab spans |
| Columns | 300 × 600 | As per axial load demand and height |
| Footings | Isolated Footings | SBC = 180 kN/m², min size = 1.8 m × 1.8 m |
| Staircase Slab | 150 | One-way slab or waist slab system |
5. Material Specifications
| Material | Grade |
|---|---|
| Concrete | M25 |
| Steel (Rebars) | Fe500 |
6. Loads Considered
Dead Load (DL)
-
Self-weight (Auto-calculated)
-
Floor Finish: 1.0 kN/m²
-
Wall Load:
-
230 mm thick × 3.5 m height × 20 kN/m³ = 16.1 kN/m
-
Live Load (LL) (IS 875 Part 2)
-
Residential floors: 2.0 kN/m²
-
Roof: 1.5 kN/m²
Wind Load (WL) (IS 875 Part 3)
-
Basic Wind Speed (Bangalore): 33 m/s
-
Terrain Category: 2
-
Structure Class: B
-
Wind Pressure: ≈ 0.692 kN/m²
-
Wind Load applied on frame using member and joint loads
Earthquake Load (EQL) (IS 1893 Part 1)
-
Seismic Zone: II
-
Zone Factor (Z): 0.10
-
Importance Factor (I): 1
-
Response Reduction Factor (R): 5
-
Soil Type: Hard Soil (Type II)
-
Design Horizontal Acceleration: Ah=0.025
-
Base Shear calculated = Ah × Seismic Weight
7. Software Workflow
| Stage | Tool Used |
|---|---|
| 3D Model and Load Application | STAAD Pro Connect Edition |
| Beam & Column Design | STAAD RCDC |
| Slab Design | MS Excel |
| Foundation Design | STAAD Foundation Advanced |
| Bar Bending Schedule | STAAD RCDC |
| Drafting | AutoCAD/Revit |
8. Load Combinations (as per IS 456)
-
DL + LL
-
DL + WL
-
DL + EQL
-
DL + LL + WL
-
DL + LL + EQL
-
0.9 DL + WL
-
0.9 DL + EQL
9. Structural Analysis Assumptions
-
Building is regular in both plan and elevation.
-
P-Delta effects are considered due to building height.
-
Rigid diaphragm assumed for slab–beam interaction.
Foundation modeled with fixed base or support stiffness based on soil parameters.
2.
1. Structural Grid Layout
| Direction | Bays | Spacing |
|---|---|---|
| X | 5 | 5 m |
| Z | 4 | 4 m |
2. STAAD Pro .std Input File (Basic Structure)
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION ENGINEER DATE 09-Apr-2025 END JOB INFORMATION INPUT UNIT METER KN UNIT METER KN JOINT COORDINATES * Generate joints for 5×4 grid across 8 floors (total 160 nodes) * Sample nodes for base level 1 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 3 10 0 0 4 15 0 0 5 20 0 0 6 25 0 0 ... (Continue for all floor levels by adding 3.5 m in Y for each floor) MEMBER INCIDENCES * Connect beams and columns 1 1 2 2 2 3 ... 1001 1 101 (Column from node 1 to node 101 on 1st floor) ... (Beams horizontally, columns vertically) DEFINE MATERIAL START ISCONCRETE END DEFINE MATERIAL MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN * Assigning properties to beams and columns 1 TO 1000 PRIS YD 0.45 ZD 0.23 * Beams 230x450 mm 1001 TO 2000 PRIS YD 0.6 ZD 0.3 * Columns 300x600 mm CONSTANTS MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL DENSITY CONCRETE 25 SUPPORTS 1 TO 30 FIXED * Base columns' nodes LOAD DEFINITIONS LOAD 1 DEAD LOAD SELFWEIGHT Y -1 LOAD 2 LIVE LOAD FLOOR LOAD * On slab areas FL 2 GY -2.0 LOAD 3 FLOOR FINISH FLOOR LOAD FL 3 GY -1.0 LOAD 4 WALL LOAD * Wall load on beams: 230mm thick wall × 3.5m × 20 kN/m³ = 16.1 kN/m MEMBER LOAD 1 TO 100 UNI GY -16.1 LOAD 5 WIND LOAD X JOINT LOAD * 10 kN per joint on floor level in X-direction 101 FX 10 ... LOAD 6 EARTHQUAKE X JOINT LOAD * Base shear distributed in X-direction 101 FX 15 ... LOAD COMB 1 DL = 1.0 LOAD 1 LOAD COMB 2 DL+LL = 1.0 LOAD 1 + 1.0 LOAD 2 LOAD COMB 3 DL+LL+WL = 1.0 LOAD 1 + 1.0 LOAD 2 + 1.0 LOAD 5 LOAD COMB 4 DL+LL+EQX = 1.0 LOAD 1 + 1.0 LOAD 2 + 1.0 LOAD 6 PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS FINISH
You can automate node creation using GUI > Geometry > Generate Grid or through the Structure Wizard.
3. Assigning Loads Using GUI (Alternative)
If using GUI:
-
Go to General > Load & Definition
-
Add Load Cases: DL, LL, WL, EQ
-
Add Member Loads, Floor Loads, or Joint Loads
-
Assign them to relevant members using select by property/group
4. Assigning Properties
-
Go to General > Properties
-
Define beam (230×450 mm) and column (300×600 mm) sections
-
Assign to respective members using Select > Assign to Selected Beams
5. Analysis Settings
-
Perform Static Analysis
-
For Seismic analysis, define seismic parameters via:
-
Loading > Definition > Seismic Definition (IS 1893)
-
Set Zone II, Soil Type II, R=5, I=1
-
Deliverables
Once the model is complete:
-
Save file as
.std -
Export to STAAD RCDC for Beam, Column & BBS
-
Export to STAAD Foundation for footing design
-
Perform slab design in Excel (we can generate template next)
LOAD CALCULATION
Effective Depth (d) = D - Cover = 150 - 20 = 130 mm Self-weight = 0.15 × 25 = 3.75 kN/m² Total Load (w) = 3.75 + 1.0 + 2.0 = 6.75 kN/m² For design, use ultimate load: Factored Load (wu) = 1.5 × w = 1.5 × 6.75 = 10.13 kN/m²
Mu = (wu × Ly²) / 8 = (10.13 × 4²) / 8 = 20.26 kNm/m
Ast = (Mu × 10⁶) / (0.87 × fy × jd) Assume jd = 0.9 × d = 0.9 × 130 = 117 mm Ast = (20.26 × 10⁶) / (0.87 × 500 × 117) ≈ 398.6 mm²/m
Area of 10 mm dia bar = π/4 × 10² = 78.54 mm² Spacing = (1000 × Area of 1 bar) / Ast = (1000 × 78.54) / 398.6 ≈ 197 mm → Provide @ 180 mm c/c
Ast(min) = 0.0012 × b × D = 0.0012 × 1000 × 150 = 180 mm²/m < Provided ✔
Required d = √(Mu × 10⁶ / (0.138 × fck × b)) = √(20.26 × 10⁶ / (0.138 × 25 × 1000)) ≈ 76.6 mm < 130 mm ✔
Parameter Value
| Factored Load (wu) | 10.13 kN/m² |
| Design Moment (Mu) | 20.26 kNm/m |
| Required Ast | 398.6 mm²/m |
| Provided Reinforcement | 10 mm @ 180 mm c/c |
| Effective Depth | 130 mm |
| Slab Thickness | 150 mm |
DL, LL, WL, EQL Load Calculations
This follows the IS 875 parts:
| Load Type | Code Reference |
|---|---|
| DL (Dead Load) | IS 875 Part 1 |
| LL (Live Load) | IS 875 Part 2 |
| WL (Wind Load) | IS 875 Part 3 |
| EQL (Seismic) | IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016 |
1. DEAD LOAD (DL)
a) Self-weight of slab:
Slab thickness = 150 mm = 0.15 m
Unit weight of RCC = 25 kN/m³
Slab weight = 0.15 × 25 = 3.75 kN/m²
b) Floor finish:
Finishes (tiles/mortar) = 1.0 kN/m² (IS 875 Part 1 typical)
c) Wall Load on Beam (external wall):
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Wall Thickness | 230 mm |
| Wall Height | 3.5 m (storey height) |
| Density of brick | 20 kN/m³ |
| Load | 0.23 × 3.5 × 20 = 16.1 kN/m (UDL on beam) |
From IS 875 Part 2 (Residential Building):
| Room Type | Live Load (LL) |
|---|---|
| Rooms, Living | 2.0 kN/m² |
| Bathrooms, etc. | 2.0 kN/m² |
| Balconies | 3.0 kN/m² |
➡️ Take LL = 2.0 kN/m² for general slab design
3. WIND LOAD (WL) — as per IS 875 Part 3
Assumptions:
Location: Bangalore
Wind Zone = Zone II
Basic Wind Speed (Vb) = 33 m/s
Building height = 28 m
Terrain Category: 2
Class: B
a) Design Wind Pressure (Pz):
Pz=0.6×Vz2Vz=Vb×K1×K2×K3
Assume:K1=1.0K2(for28m)≈1.05K3(Topography)=1.0→Vz=33×1×1.05×1=34.65m/sPz=0.6×(34.65)2≈720.3N/m2=0.720kN/m2
b) Wind Load on vertical surface:
For a wall area 3.5 m × 4 m = 14 m²:
Total force = 0.72 × 14 = 10.08 kN
Distribute this as nodal or member loads in STAAD.
4. EARTHQUAKE LOAD (EQL) — IS 1893:2016
Assumptions:
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Zone (Bangalore) | Zone II → Z = 0.10 |
| Importance Factor (I) | 1.0 |
| Response Reduction (R) | 5 (SMRF) |
| Soil Type | II (Medium) |
Base Shear (VB):
VB = Ah × W
Ah = (Z × I × Sa/g) / (2 × R)
Assume Sa/g = 2.5 (for medium soil, T < 0.4s)
Ah = (0.10 × 1 × 2.5) / (2 × 5) = 0.025
Total seismic weight (W) = DL + LL for all floors
Let’s assume:
W = 6.75 kN/m² × 25 m × 16 m × 8 floors = 6.75 × 400 × 8 = 21,600 kN
→ VB = 0.025 × 21,600 = **540 kN**
This will be distributed along the height of the building based on floor masses.
RCC SLAB DESIGN USING MS EXCEL
Here’s the format for **Excel-based slab design** (same from before but structured for load cases).
---
INPUT SECTION
| Parameter | Value |
|-------------------------|--------------|
| Span (short) Ly | 4.0 m |
| Span (long) Lx | 5.0 m |
| Slab Type | Simply Supported 1-way |
| Thickness | 150 mm |
| Effective Cover | 20 mm |
| DL | 3.75 kN/m² |
| LL | 2.0 kN/m² |
| Floor Finish | 1.0 kN/m² |
| Concrete Grade | M25 |
| Steel Grade | Fe500 |
LOADS ON SLAB
Total DL = 3.75 + 1.0 = 4.75 kN/m²
Total Load = DL + LL = 4.75 + 2.0 = 6.75 kN/m²
Factored Load = 1.5 × 6.75 = 10.13 kN/m²
MOMENT (1-Way Slab)
Mu = (wu × Ly²) / 8 = (10.13 × 4²) / 8 = 20.26 kNm/mREQUIRED STEEL
Effective depth d = 130 mm
Mu = 20.26 × 10⁶ Nmm
Ast = (Mu) / (0.87 × fy × 0.9d) Ast = 398.6 mm²/mPROVIDE:
Providing 10 mm dia @ 180 mm c/c (78.5 mm²/bar)
→ Provided Ast ≈ 436 mm²/m > Required ✔
CHECKS:
Minimum Ast = 180 mm²/m ✔
Effective depth > required depth ✔
Slab thickness = 150 mm < 200 mm (no shear reinforcement needed) ✔
Design Beam and Column Using STAAD RCDC
1. Prepare Analysis Model in STAAD.Pro
- Define geometry (25 m × 16 m, G+6+R floors, 3.5 m height/floor)
- Assign supports (fixed or isolated footing base)
- Define materials: M25 concrete, Fe500 steel
- Apply load combinations as per IS 875:
1. DL only
2. DL + LL
3. DL + WL (X/Y)
4. DL + EQL (X/Y)
5. DL + LL + WL
6. DL + LL + EQL
2. Run Analysis in STAAD.Pro
3. Export to RCDC
- File → Create RCDC File (.std file)
- Open RCDC → "Create New Project" → Import STAAD file
- Select “Column” and “Beam” design
Beam Design (Sample Summary – RCDC Output)
|
Parameter |
Value |
|
Concrete Grade |
M25 |
|
Steel Grade |
Fe500 |
|
Beam Size |
230 mm × 450 mm |
|
Span |
4 m – 6 m (internal & edge) |
|
Max Bending Moment |
120 kNm |
|
Max Shear Force |
65 kN |
|
Top Reinforcement |
2 – 16 mm (center), 2 – 12 mm (end) |
|
Bottom Reinforcement |
2 – 20 mm (center), 2 – 12 mm (end) |
|
Stirrups |
8 mm @ 150 mm c/c near support |
|
Development Length |
> Required → Safe |
Column Design (Sample Summary – RCDC Output)
|
Parameter |
Value |
|
Concrete Grade |
M25 |
|
Steel Grade |
Fe500 |
|
Column Size |
300 mm × 600 mm (ground to 3rd floor) |
|
Load Combination |
DL + LL + EQ |
|
Max Axial Load |
950 kN |
|
Bending Moment |
60 kNm (major axis), 25 kNm (minor) |
|
Longitudinal Bars |
6 – 20 mm (As provided = 1884 mm²) |
|
Min. Required Ast |
1500 mm² |
|
Ties |
8 mm @ 200 mm c/c (confinement) |
|
Slenderness Check |
Passed |
|
Interaction Ratio |
0.76 < 1.0 → OK |
RCDC Design Reports
How to Generate Reports:
- In RCDC, after design → Go to Reports tab
- Choose “Beam Design Report” / “Column Design Report”
- Export as:
- Excel
- AutoCAD drawings (DXF)
FOUNDATION DESIGN USING STAAD FOUNDATION ADVANCED (SFA)
1. Create New Job
- Select Isolated Footing → Assign units: kN, mm
- Choose Code: IS 456:2000
2. Import Load Cases from STAAD
- Use .std file from your STAAD model
- Select support nodes where columns exist
- Extract load combinations (DL, DL+LL, DL+EQ, etc.)
3. Define Soil & Material Parameters
|
Property |
Value |
|
Safe Bearing Capacity |
180 kN/m² |
|
Concrete Grade |
M25 |
|
Steel Grade |
Fe500 |
|
Unit weight of soil |
18 kN/m³ |
|
Depth of Foundation |
1.5 m |
4. Design Parameters
|
Design Parameter |
Typical Value |
|
Minimum footing size |
1.5 m × 1.5 m |
|
Max base pressure |
≤ 180 kN/m² |
|
Clear cover |
50 mm |
SAMPLE FOUNDATION DESIGN SUMMARY (Output)
For a column carrying 950 kN axial and 60 kNm moment:
|
Parameter |
Value |
|
Required footing area |
950 / 180 ≈ 5.3 m² |
|
Adopted footing size |
2.4 m × 2.4 m = 5.76 m² |
|
Net bearing pressure |
165 kN/m² (OK) |
|
Actual Pressure distribution |
OK for moment load |
|
Footing depth (provided) |
500 mm + 150 mm footing pedestal |
|
Reinforcement (bottom) |
12 mm @ 150 mm c/c in both directions |
|
Punching shear check |
Safe ✔ |
|
Sliding / Overturning |
Safe ✔ |
OUTPUT FROM STAAD FOUNDATION ADVANCED
You can generate the following from SFA:
- Footing Layout Drawings – Plan and section with bars, dimensions
- Calculation Report – PDF of all checks (bearing, shear, moment, etc.)
- Rebar Schedule – Bar bending schedule
- DXF Drawings – For AutoCAD or manual detailing
- Excel Reports – Material summary and quantities
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE IN STAAD RCDC
1. Load the Project
- Open STAAD RCDC.
- Select “Column” or “Beam” module.
- Import the .std file from STAAD.Pro analysis.
- Ensure all parameters are correctly assigned (grades, dimensions, cover, etc.)
2. Design the Structural Elements
- Use Design Settings to apply IS 456:2000
- Define rebar settings (cover, bar dia, max/min spacing, etc.)
- Complete the design for beams and columns.
3. Generate the Bar Bending Schedule
Once design is complete:
- Go to the “Reports” tab
- Click Bar Bending Schedule
- Select the required element: Beam / Column
- Choose:
- PDF / Excel / CSV for report
- Bar shape codes (standard IS shapes)
- Drawing format (optional DXF export)
SAMPLE FORMAT: BAR BENDING SCHEDULE FOR COLUMN (Excel Output)
|
Member |
Bar Mark |
Dia (mm) |
Shape |
Length (mm) |
No. of Bars |
Total Length (mm) |
Weight (kg) |
|
C1 |
L1 |
20 |
Straight |
4500 |
8 |
36000 |
44.5 |
|
C1 |
S1 |
8 |
Stirrups |
1100 |
15 |
16500 |
7.9 |
SAMPLE FORMAT: BAR BENDING SCHEDULE FOR BEAM
|
Member |
Bar Mark |
Dia (mm) |
Shape |
Length (mm) |
No. of Bars |
Total Length (mm) |
Weight (kg) |
|
B1 |
T1 |
16 |
Crank |
5200 |
2 |
10400 |
15.8 |
|
B1 |
B1 |
20 |
Straight |
4800 |
2 |
9600 |
23.5 |
|
B1 |
S1 |
8 |
Stirrup |
950 |
12 |
11400 |
5.5 |
OUTPUT OPTIONS
From STAAD RCDC, you can:
- Export Bar Bending Schedule as Excel, PDF, or CSV
- Export Reinforcement Drawings as DXF for CAD detailing
- Generate Material Summary for rebar totals per floor/building