Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project
1.
Building codes and essential for the modeling:
Any structure for whatever purpose and pf ehatever materials constructed and every part thereof whether used as human habitation or not and includes foundation,plinth,walls,floors,roofs,chimenys,plumbing and building services,fixed platforms,VERANDAH,balcony,cornice or projection,part of a building or anything affixed there to or any wall enclosing or intended to enclose any land or space and signs and outdoor display structures.Tents/SHAMIANAHS/PANDALS,tarpaulin shelters,etc,erected for temporary and ceremonial occasions shall not be considered as building
2.
List of group that will be essential
Buildings,shall be classified as Residential,Educational,Assembly,Bussiness,Mercantile,Industrial,Stroage and Hazardous in groups and sub-division as classified
Fire and life safety
For further sub-classification of buildings and various related provisions there of with respect to administration development control rules and general building requirements building materials fire and life safety structural design constructional practices and safety building and plumbing services and landscaping,signs and outdoors display structures,other parts/sections of the code may be referred to
3.
Five major steps that occurs in project file
Location/siting
Conceputualization and planning
Designing and detailing
Construction/execution,and
Maintenance and repair
Each stage necessarily requires proffesionals of many disciplines who should work together as a well coordinated team to achieve the desired product delivery with quality in an effective manner
Appropriate multi disciplinary teams need to be constituted to successfully meet the requirements of different stage each team may comprise need based proffessionals out of the following depending upon the nature magnitude and complexity of the project
4.
Different discipline involved in construction projects
Architect,
Civil engineer,
Structural engineer,
Electrical engineer,
Plumbing engineer,
Fire protection engineer,
HVAC engineer,
Environment specialist,
Town planner,
Urban designer,
Landscape architect,
Security system specialist,
Interior designer,
Quantity surveyor,
Project/construction manager,and
Other subject specialist(s).
5.
Building classified and under each category
Four unit apartment:
A key plan drawn to a scale of not less than 1 in 10000 shall be submitted along with the application for a development/building permit showing the boundary locations of a site with respect to neighbourhood landmark the minimum dimension of the key plan shall be not less than 75mm
School with capacity to 1000 student:
The site plan sent with an application for permit shall be drawn to a scale of not less than 1 in 500 for a site up to on hectare and not less than 1 in 1000 for a site more than one hectare and shall show
the boundaries of the site and of any contiguous land belonging to the owner
the position of the site in relation to neighbouring street
the name of the streets in which the building is proposed to be situated
A single unit shop:
In the case of development work the notice shall be accompained by the sub-division/layout plan which shall be drawn on a scale of not less than 1:500 containing the following
scale used and north point,location of all proposed and existing roads with their existing /proposed /prescribed widths within the land,dimensions of plot along with building lines showing the setbacks with dimensions within each plot,the location of drains,sewers,public facilities and services
Multi story shopping complex:
For all multi-storeyed buildings which are 15m or more in height and for special building like educational, assembly instituational,industrial,storage and hazardous and mixed occupancies with any of the aforesaid occupancies having covered area more than 500m^2,building sanction shall be done in two stages
Steel machine factory:
The plans shall be accompanied by structural sufficiency certificate in the prescribed form signed by the engineer/structural engineer and the owner jointly to the effect that the building is safe against various loads forces and effects including due to natural diasaster
6.
roles of design team and management team:
Design team:
In building projects various like form space planning aesthetics fire and life safety structural adequacy plumbing services lighting and natural ventilation electrical and allied installations air conditioning heating and mechanical ventailation acoustics sound insulation and noise control installations of lifts and escalators building automations data voice communication other utility services installations landscape planning and design
Management team:
The objectives of project management or constructions management is primarily to achieve accomplishment of project in accordance with the designs and specifications in a stipulated time and cost framework with a degree of assurance prior to commencement and satisfaction on accomplishment
7.
Modeling requirement of project:
Height limitation:
The height and number of storeys shall be related to FAR and the provisions of 8 where a building is not covered by table and the maximum height shall be limited according to the width of the street as
The maximum height of building shall not exceeds 1.5 times the width of road abutting plus the front open space,if a building abuts on two or more streets of different width the building shall be deemed to face upon the street that has the greater width and the height of the building shall be
Area limitation:
The minimum fire seperation on all sides of building of unlimited area and of type 1 construction shall be 9m
Room sizing:
Every dwelling units to be provided should have at least two habitable rooms even if one room house is provided initially it should be capable of adding a new second room in future however in case single room tenements are required to be provided where future additions are not possible the carpet area of multipurpose single room should be at least 12.5m^2
Wall height:
The requirements of boundary wall are special permission of the authority the maximum height of the compound wall shall be 1.5m above the centre line of the front street compound wall up to 2.4m height may be permitted if the top 0.9m is of open type construction of a design to be approved by the authority
Thickness based on fire life and safety:
For requirements regarding fire and life safety for different occupancies reference shall be made to part 4 Fire and life safety
Passageway requirement:
For requirement regarding structural design reference shall be made to part 6 structural design and for construction reference shall be made to part 7 Constructional practices and safety
8.
In this code where reference is made to accepted standards in relation to material specification testing or other related information or where reference is made to good practice in relation to design constructional procedures or other related information the indian standards listed at the end of the concerned parts/sections may be used to the interpretation of these terms
At the time of publication the editions indicated in the above indian standards were valid all standards are subject to revision and parties to agreements based on the parts/sections are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applyingthe most recent editions of the standards
In the list of standards given at the end of each part/section the number appearing in the first column indicates the number of the reference in that part/section