Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project

1) Building codes

A building code is a set of rules to regulate the construction activities across the country. The building code includes basic building requirements coupled with administrative regulations. As per definition, the building code is a set of local laws relating to how buildings should be designed or built, especially keeping in mind the safe and quality aspects of the final product.

The Code was first published in 1970 at the instance of Planning Commission and then first revised in 1983. Thereafter three major amendments were issued to the 1983 version, two in 1987 and the third in 1997. The second revision of the Code was in 2005, to which two amendments were issued in 2015.

Due to large scale changes in the building construction activities, such as change in nature of occupancies with prevalence of high rises and mixed occupancies, greater dependence and complicated nature of building services, development of new/innovative construction materials and technologies, greater need for preservation of environment and recognition of need for planned management of existing buildings and built environment, there has been a paradigm shift in building construction scenario.

2) From the National Building Code list the groups that will be essential to you when you begin modeling in Autodesk Revit.

Residential buildings: The code defines residential buildings as constructions “in which sleeping accommodation is provided for normal residential purposes with or without cooking or dining or both facilities, except any building classified under Group C”. Group C buildings cover institutional buildings.

Dangers to avoid: According to the code, “Every building shall be constructed, equipped, maintained and operated as to avoid undue danger to the life and safety of the occupants from fire, smoke, fumes or panic during the time period necessary for escape.”

Rules for exits: Under the code, while doorways, corridors, passageways are defined as exits, elevators are not kept in that category. The code says that no alterations should be made in a building to reduce the number, width or protection of exits as are required.

Mandatory fire safety drills: As fire may cause a serious issue in the case of highrises, unless a plan for orderly and systematic evacuation is prepared, fire drills should be conducted at least once in three months in high-rise buildings during the first two years of its construction, says the National Building Code 2005. After that, such drills have to be conducted once in six months.

Fire detection and alarm systems: In buildings of large sizes where a fire may not itself provide adequate warning to the occupants, automatic fire detection, and alarm facilities are a must.

Installation of fire extinguishers: Based on their occupancy, use and height, all buildings have to be protected by fire extinguishers, wet risers, automatic sprinkler installations, water sprays, etc.

3)List the five major steps that occur in project cycle . The steps should include from conceptualization of project to maintenance and final stage.

Project management is divided into five major types

1. Initiation
2. Planning
3. Exicution
4. monitering and maintaining
5. Project closure
6. Final thought

We’re glad you asked! A project management lifecycle is broken down into four/five phases: initiation, planning, execution, controlling/monitoring (as an optional fourth stage), and closure.

As with most project management processes, a good place to start is with a diagram. Visualizing your data gives you a bird’s-eye view of everything in one go. It also gives you a map through your project, with key stages and dates marked up for everyone to see.

2 planning

Here’s a ‘planning stage’ checklist:

• Create a project plan, which should include all your timings and key dates.
• Then create a workflow diagram, which should include timeframes, scope, and possible constraints.
• Create a financial plan, including investments, estimates, and estimated returns.
• Gather resources, including assembling a team and assigning roles, liaising with other departments, enlisting external help, and working out what kind of software/training you or your team need to perform tasks to the best of their ability.

3 Execution

This is the exciting bit: it’s where your project comes to life. If you’re a manager, it’s your job to manage timelines and budget and generally make sure everyone’s sticking to the plan (and adapting quickly when you’re thrown a curveball).

Likewise, you’ll need to assign projects to your team members and brief everyone to make sure they fully understand all expectations.

4 moniter and maintainance

The Project Management role is synonymous with multitasking. There are schedules to organize, team members to keep motivated, budgets to balance — and that’s just the tip of the iceberg. As with all projects, knowing where you’re going and how you’ll get there helps you and your team pace yourselves. Working out your project management lifecycle, and presenting it in a clear, accessible way is just one step towards and ensuring your project is sustainable and attainable — with a clear path to success.

After project kick-off, you need to keep track of everyone to make sure they’re sticking to the plan, coping with the work assigned to them, working to a high standard, and feeling motivated. You’ll also need to keep track of budgets and keep a line of communication open with any stakeholders.

5)How are buildings classified ? Place the following buildings under each category

a. Four unit apartments- residential building
b. School with capacity of 1000 students - education building
c. A single unit shop.-
d. Multi story Shopping complex- commertial building
e. Steel machine factory - industrial buidling

residential building

Commertial buidling

education buidling

Industrial building