Identification of Cracks

1aANS:

1. Observations

• The concrete beam is crushed and reinforcement is exposed.
• The top beam is safe because of slab ,the damge occurs only at bottom.
• The cracks develped at the bottom to top ,so the yeilding occurs in bottom support only.
• It looks like rupture because the concrete spelled beyond the reinforcement.

Irrepariable

• Reinforcement got yield.so it is not repairable.
• Top compression is safe beacuse of slab adavntage,but bottom tension was not satisfied by providenig reinforcement.
• It form of flexural failure due to reversal stress during earth quake.
• In the time of stress reversal top supports expereinece to compressiable and bottom supports experience to tension .

1bANS:

Observations

• The cracks look like along the beam and column edge.
• The beam is seperate from the column joints.
• The cracks look like complete the structure but concrete is not crushed severly.

Irrepariable

• The beam is sepearted from the column joints may it due to insuffiecent anchorage of rebar.
• During the earth quake,the horizontal movement of structure makes this wroe condition and sepreate beam from the column.

1cANS:

Observations

• Cracks are developed at the joint of the beam and the column.
• The cracks developed at the beam width completely.
• The slab are also developed with more cracks in one direction.

Repariable

• The damage occurs only at the joint zone, so it is a plastic hinge failure.
• The slab is best to handle the tension due to it has cracked.but unable to control the damage.

2aANS:

Observations

• Concrete column damage at top and all round the face.
• Concrete beam is safe.
• It looks like the column in edge of the building.
• It is Ground floor for parking because no wall along the column.

Repariable or Irrepariable

• It is a soft storey failure because the failure occurs at the parking in the absesnce of walls.
• Mostly this kind failure is palstic hinge formation it occurs at the undesiarable location.
• It repairable or Irrepariable depend on the concrete crushed.

2bANS:

Observations

• It completely concrete failure
• It is shear failure because the crack are developed diagonally.
• The reinforcement spacing are also more whn compare to the codes.

Irrepariable

• It is pure shear failure
• Inadequete placing of reinforcement

2cANS:

Observations

• It completely column failed.
• Mostly failed at the top of the column.
• The failed column at between the two slabs, it looks like the mozzanic floor.
• The two wooden piles are supported from post failure, it used for temperoray support from collapse.

Irrepariable

• It is short column failure.
• Additional slab is added to the column, so height leads to the failure.
• There is no chance to repariable in this failure.