Identification of Cracks

1. A,

Ans;

• Obdervation
• Concrete is cracked in bottom of beam
• Top of the beam is safe
• Reinforcement of the beam bottom is visible but there is no defects init

Result :

• This form of flexural failure is caused by reversal of stress during earthquake.
• The compression stress will be on top and the tension will be on the bottom which leads to failure.
• The beam top can be loaded with slab so it with stand the compression strength But in bottom there is no support which leads to crack in tension.
• It can be repairable.

B,

Ans:

• Observation:
• Beam and column joint are not done properly
• Large crack in the beam.
• The beam and column are ditached

Answer:

• The reinforcement done was not upto the required.
• During pullout beam failure the reinforcement in column beam connection development lenght is not satisfied.
• It is not repairable

C,

Ans:

Observation:

• Beam and column joint crack.
• The crack developed through over beam bottom.
• There are some crack developed in the slab bottom

Answer:

• The repetation of lateral force and reversal of stress which leads to the failure in joints
• It is plastic hinge failure
• The slab will go compression strenght which leads to failure of crack in it.
• The joints can be strengthened.

2. Ans:

A,

Observation :

• The crack developed in throughout the column
• THe beams are safe no cracks are formed
• The column loacation is at end of the building

Answer:

• The building is plastic hinged
• In this building the column caps are not packed with non structural components
• Based on the development of the crack only we can find out weather it is reperable or not,

B. Ans:

Observation:

• Concrete is undergoes complete breakdown in diagonally
• Longitudinal reinforcement are intacintact
• Shear reinforcement with wider in spacing ( which leads the less reinfrocement in shear

Answer:

• It is complete shear failure
• Shear reinforcement are less which leads to shear stress load transfered to concrete.

C Ans:

Observation :

• Column failure completely
• The top of the column is completely damaged
• The two slabs are connectd to the column , this column is about in mid of the slabs
• Wodden piles are supported for the column will get damaged for temporary probs are provide to for temporary support.

Answer:

• This is Short column failure
• Between the column slabs or beams are placed which leads to the failure in the structure.
• The conncetions are unintentional and not accounted as design,
• The failure cannot reperable.