Fender Design - Wheel Arch Challenge

Fender:-

A fender is the part of the bodywork of a car, motorcycle or other vehicle that frames the wheel arch (the underside of the fender). Its primary purpose is to prevent sand, mud, rocks, liquids and other road spray from being thrown into the air by the rotating tire. Mudguards are usually rigid and can be damaged by contact with the road surface. The main purpose of fenders on cars is to protect the wheels and protect passengers, pedestrians and other vehicles from stones, mud, liquids and other debris that can fly in the air due to the fast spinning wheels while driving.

Wheel Arch:-

It is the curved part of the fender located directly above the wheel. The wheel arch is designed to protect both pedestrians and the car's cabin from mud, water stones and other road spray. Different countries have different wheel arch regulations and the arch design must comply with them to be considered usable in that country.

Fender Wheel Arch Regulation:-

Japan Regulation:-

i.The clearance "L" for the tire, hub, cover and fender should be measured in the K area and a clearance check chart made for verification.

ii.The value of L should be greater than 5 mm in all positions.

iii.Wheel guard requirement: The "a" value should be greater than 5mm on the line 30 degrees forward and 50 degrees back from the center vertical axis of the wheel.

Euorpean Regulation:-

i.The L clearance should be measured at SA-SA, SB-SB, SC-SC, SD-SD and SE-SE sections and create a clearance check chart to verify.

ii.In all five sections, the L value should be greater than 10 mm to meet European regulations.

iii.Wheel guard requirement: The "a" value should be greater than 5mm on the line 30 degrees forward and 50 degrees back from the center vertical axis of the wheel.

United State Regulation:-

i.The "L" clearance should be checked in all positions from -100 degrees to 100 degrees and a clearance check chart should be made for verification.

ii.The value of L should be greater than 5 mm to meet the regulations.

iii.Wheel guard requirement: The "a" value should be greater than 5mm on the line 30 degrees forward and 50 degrees back from the center vertical axis of the wheel.

Calulation Of Wheel arch Area

European Regulation:-

i.Clerance ‘L’ at SA-SA

Length = 9.5mm

ii.Clerance ‘L’ at SB-SB

Length = 10mm

iii.Clerance ‘L’ at SC-SC

Length = 0.11mm

iv.Clerance ‘L’ at SD-SD

Length = 2.88mm

v.Clerance ‘L’ at SE-SE

Length = 5.99mm

Conclusion:-

Section	L10mm	Result
SA-SA	9.5mm	Fail
SB-SB	10mm	Pass
SC-SC	0.11mm	Fail
SD-SD	2.88mm	Fail
SE-SE	5.99mm	Pass

From the above results, we can conclude that the Fender does not comply with European regulations, because the minimum clearance L between the Fennder wheel arch and the wheel for vehicle and pedestrian safety is 10 mm, and this design does not meet the requirement.