Fender Design
FENDER: -
The parts of the car covering the wheel has two very different names depending on whether you're coming from a British viewpoint or an American one.
Fender is the term for the part of a vehicle body that frames a wheel well (the fender underside). Its primary purpose is to prevent sand, mud, rocks, liquids, and other road spray from being thrown into the air by the rotating tire. Fenders are typically rigid and can be damaged by contact with the road surface. Sticky materials, such as mud, may adhere to the smooth outer tire surface, while smooth loose objects, such as stones, can become temporarily embedded in the tread grooves as the tire rolls over the ground. These materials can be ejected from the surface of the tire at high velocity as the tire imparts kinetic energy to the attached objects. For a vehicle moving forward, the top of the tire is rotating upward and forward, and can throw objects into the air at other vehicles or pedestrians in front of the vehicle.
USES OF FENDER:
Get other vehicles or pedestrians on the road side dirty
Hurt pedestrian
Scratch the bodies of other vehicles
Cause minor, and even major damage to other vehicles
Fenders based on location:
Front Fenders or Front Quarter Panels:
Front fender panels are located on the sides of each front wheel. These panels typically cover the sides of the headlights to the hinge of the driver and passenger doors on the A-pillar. A car front fender runs vertically from the hood to the wheel well.
Rear Fenders or Rear Quarter Panels:
Rear fender panels are located on the sides of each rear wheel. They extend from the edge of the rear doors on the C-pillar all the way towards the edge of the taillights. Rear fenders also usually feature a fuel hole with a gas cap. These features can be found on either the driver or passenger rear panels, depending on the year and model of the vehicle.
There are two types of fenders
- Full Bumper Type.
- Half Bumper Type.
Full Bumper type
This type of fender is used in olden days, it is no more in use due to its heavyweight of the structure and consumes more raw material in manufacturing.
Half Bumper Type
Half Bumper Type fenders are widely used now, due to its mini size and the scrap or wastage is less compared to the full bumper type.
Manufacturing process
The manufacturing of the fender majorly involves these operations.
1.Embossing
2.Bending
3.Cutting and Blanking
Embossing
Embossing is a metal forming process for producing raised or sunken designs or relief in sheet material using matched male and female roller dies, theoretically with no change in metal thickness, or by-passing sheet or a strip of metal between rolls of the desired pattern.
Bending
Metal bending is a process by which metal can be deformed when applying force to the subject, which causes it to bend at an angle and form the anticipated shape, which often results in it being in a ‘V’ or a ‘U’ shape. This is done through the application of force on a workpiece. The force on the work piece can be mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic.
Cutting and Blanking
Cutting processes are those in which a piece of sheet metal is separated by applying a great enough shearing force to cause the material to fail.
Blanking is a steel manufacturing process in which a flat, geometric shape is created by feeding a coil of sheet metal into a press and die. In this process, the blank is punched out from the large metal sheet.
Fender is mounted basically on 5 important regions. They are
- Drip Area
- A-Pillar Mounting Area
- Sill Mounting Area
- Bumper Mounting Area
- Baffle Mounting Area
INPUT DESING PARAMETERS:-
Design of Drip Area
The curve selection command is used for creating curves on the surface of flange to trim the extra sheet metal.
The position is considered as 200 mm from cowl and 150 mm from headlight position.
The flange should be about 7 degrees, then 40 degrees down and 5 degrees down which should be total length of 40 mm or less from top of fender.
Then the flat length of 25 mm is given.
The last projection is followed as per dimensions using pythogrous theorem.
Then the flange holes were created for mounting points.
Darts are provided at the bends to stiffen the sheet metal at that region.
A-Pillar Mounting Area
This Mounting region is located near the cowl of the vehicle where the fender is fastened with the bottom edge of the windshield. This mounting is covered with the side rear-view mirror.
Sill Mounting Area
The area at which the bottom of the fender gets connected to the floor near the bottom edge of the door. The Embossed sill mounting of the fender is attached with the fasteners.
Bumper Mounting Area
The bumper mounting region is located beneath the bumper. The fender gets attached before the installation of the bumper. After fixing the fender with fasteners the bumper will cover the bumper mounting.
Baffle Mounting Area
In this region, the baffle gets installed to the fender with the help of clips which holds the baffle with the fender along the wheel arch.
DIFFERENT VIEWS OF FENDER:
