Design of backdoor
AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN OF CAR BACK DOOR USING NX CAD
OBJECTIVE:
i) From the given styling surface, develop a back door using appropriate design methodologies.
ii) The objective of this project is to design a BIW Back Door of a car with an Inner Panel, Outer Panel, and Reinforcements for the Hinges, Gas stay, Wiper Motor, and Latch by following the engineering standards.
iii) The Inner Panel must be subjected to Draft Analysis for verifying whether it satisfies the Deep Drawing requirements for the tooling direction created in the design.
SOFTWARE USED:
Siemens NX CAD (Unigraphics)
INTRODUCTION:
The Back Door of a car is the rearmost part of the vehicle which gives access to the trunk space of the vehicle. The rear door also supports the reinforcements and added weights of the Wiper Motor, Gas Stay, Tail Lamp, and Latch and Striker.
The Backdoor/tailgate is one of the closure commodities in BIW sheet metal design. The backdoor has a lot of components inside and is designed to incorporate them easily. It affects the rear visibility and luggage area.
The material used for door manufacturing depends on the budget and performance of the vehicle. Mostly Aluminium and Steel will be used whereas low-budget vehicles use Steel which makes the manufacturing process easy and cost-efficient since it follows the Stamping of Moulds.
Major Parts and Reinforcements:
The backdoor consists of the following basic components:
Backdoor Outer Panel (Upper)
Backdoor Outer Panel (Lower)
Backdoor Inner Panel
Hinge Reinforcements (LH & RH)
Gas-Stay Reinforcements (LH & RH)
Latch and Striker Reinforcement
Wiper motor Reinforcement
TAILGATE:
Tailgate is a door at the back of a truck or car, that is hinged at the bottom so that it open downwards.
DESIGN INTENT
The intent of the project is to design a Body In White Back Door of the vehicle considering the engineering standards and manufacturing requirements which satisfies the Deep Drawing Process.
DESIGN CONSIDERATION OF A BACKDOOR:
Functional Requirement of Hinge and gas stay
Rear visibility criteria
Luggage volume
Crash Analysis
Bend Test, Dent Test, Torsion Test & Endurance Test
Rear Crash Regulation
Gap and flushness Requirements
DESIGN OF BACKDOOR OUTER PANEL:
The Outer Panel is the styling surface of the back door. Other components of the backdoor are designed with reference to the outer panel. It acts as the outer cover and deals with the aesthetics of the car.
In this design outer panel is divided into two parts
Outer Upper Panel
Outer Lower Panel
Outer Upper Panel:
The Outer Upper Panel Extracted from a styling surface.
The panel is altered for the required design with the surface tools of NX CAD
The thickness provided for the outer panel is 0.75 mm
Hemming is provided with the corner relief.
Outer Lower Panel:
The Outer Upper Panel Extracted from a styling surface.
The panel is altered for the required design with the surface tools of NX CAD
The thickness provided for the outer panel is 0.75 mm
Hemming is provided with the corner relief.
Outer Upper & Lower Panel:
Tooling Direction:
Before starting to design the inner panel of the back door the tooling direction for Deep Drawing purpose should be created.
Then the styling surface needs to be checked and analyzed since it might have irregularities, hence it must be fixed first.
Then the back door was designed using the top-down approach.
DESIGN OF BACKDOOR INNER PANEL:
The Inner Panel Extracted from a styling surface.
The panel is altered for the required design with the surface tools of NX CAD
The thickness provided for the outer panel is 0.75 mm
After creating the tooling direction the design of the inner panel will begin where we will first develop an effective sealing flange by checking all the boundaries and by following the shape of the inner panel design. By creating multiple flanges and by using surface modeling techniques the concept design of the inner panel was created.
After the concept of the inner panel is developed, then the child components like a hinge, latch, gas-stay locations, and their reinforcements must be designed. Which completes the overall design of the tailgate.
The embosses were created in ‘V-Shape or Y-Shape’ so that if the vehicle undergoes the crash then the force dissipates over it which reduces the damage transferred to the trunk space.
MASTIC SEALANT:
The mastic sealant is used to fix the inner panel with the outer panel which increases the NVH factor and stiffness of the back door.
LATCH AND STRIKER POSITION:
The position of the hinge should be perpendicular to the latch when the latch and striker meets. The circle is drawn from the center of the hinge axis to find the path of the striker and positioned perpendicular to the path.
DRAFT ANALYSIS:
The draft analysis will be performed for the tooling direction created at first and checked that the model is suitable for manufacturing.
Then to get a complete green portion the necessary changes to the draft angle of the embosses were carried out by optimizing the model.
The Draft Analysis command enables us to detect that the part drafted will be easily removed or not.
This type of analysis is performed based on color ranges identifying zones on the analyzed element where the deviation from the draft direction at any point, corresponds to specified values.
Views of the designed Back Door:
Front view:
Side views:
Top view:
Bottom view:
Back view:
Isometric View:
CONCLUSION:
Thus the Body In White Back Door of a car was designed following the engineering standards and also the deep drawing requirements were satisfied.