Creation of geometries by Coordinate system methods using AutoCad

AIM:

a) To create geometries from P1 to P2 using all coordinates system method and P3 to P10 using any one Coordinate method.

b) To draw the profile and trusses using any coordinate system method. The dimensions are there for reference.

INTRODUCTION:

Before going to the drawing, we should know about the coordinates systems:

In Autocad, there are two coordinate systems, i.e., Cartesian and polar. To these coordinate systems, the absolute and relative coordinates of Autocad are applicable.

Coordinate Systems: Coordinate system is a system where numbers are used to determine the unique position of points and/or other geometric elements. Also coordinates in AutoCAD can be set by mouse, input (setting) the values of coordinates in the command line and enter coordinates using dynamic input.

There are three types of coordinate systems. They are:

1. Absolute coordinate systems
2. Relative coordinate systems
   1. Relative rectangular coordinates
   2. Relative polar coordinates
3. Direct distance entry

Command used:

1. Line command
2. Dimlinear command
3. Text command
4. Circle command

PROCEDURE:

Starting AutoCAD software:

• Go to the START menu, select AutoCAD 2023
• Click on start drawing
• In the command line type in: STARTUP [enter]
• Enter new value of startup: 1
• Go to application menu and select new
• In the 'Create New Drawing' dialog box, select the 'Imperial system' in the 'Start from Scratch' option.
• Next select the 'Decimal unit system from the Advanced Setup option.
• Set the limits by entering LIMITS in the Command tab. The lower-left corner is specified as 0,0, and the upper right corner is specified as 100,100.

[Note: The above procedure is followed each time a new drawing is to be created.]

(A) To create geometries from P1 to P2 using all coordinates system method and P3 to P10 using any one Coordinate method.

1. Drafting the geometry for P1 using all coordinate system method

a) Absolute Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 8,1
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 8,2
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 3,2
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,6
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 8,6
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 8,7
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 2,7
10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close on the Command Line

b) Relative Rectangular Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @6,0
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,1
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @-5,0
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,4
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @5,0
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @0,1
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @-6,0
10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

c) Relative Polar Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @6<0
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @1<90
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @5<180
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @4<90
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @5<0
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @1<90
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @6<180
10. Then for the last point, Click Close on the Command Line

d) Direct Distance Entry method:

1. Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the LINE' command in the command tab
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1 in the command line
3. Enter the length of point 2 as 6 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
4. Enter the length of point 3 as 1 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
5. Enter the length of point 4 as 5 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis
6. Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
7. Enter the length of point 6 as 5 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
8. Enter the length of point 7 as 1 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
9. Enter the length of point 8 as 6 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis
10. Then for the last point, Click "Close on the command line

Result

2. Drafting the P2 geometry by using all coordinates method

a) Absolute Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 5,1
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 5,5
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 6,5
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 6,1
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 9,1
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 7,8
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 4,8
10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close on the Command Line

b) Relative Rectangular Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @3,0
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,4
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @1,0
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,-4
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @3,0
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @-2,7
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @-3,0
10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

c) Relative Polar Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @3<0
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @4<90
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @1<90
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @4<270
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @3<0
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @7<106
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @3<180
10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close on the Command Line

d) Direct Distance Entry method:

1. Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'LINE' command in the command tab
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1 in the command line
3. Enter the length of point 2 as 3 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
4. Enter the length of point 3 as 4 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
5. Enter the length of point 4 as I in the command line towards the -ve x-axis
6. Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
7. Enter the length of point 6 as 3 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
8. Enter the length of point 7 as 7 in the command line at an angle of <106 from the +ve x-axis while keeping polar tracking on.
9. Enter the length of point 8 as 3 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis
10. Then for the last point, Click "Close on the command line.

Result:

3. Drafting the geometry for P4 using Absolute cordinate system

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 3,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 3,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 5,3
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 7,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 7,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 8,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 8,8
• Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as 7,8
• Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as 5,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 113s 3,8
• Specify the next coordinate of point 12 as 2,8
• Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Result:

4. Drafting the geometry for P5 using relative rectangular coordinate system

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @1,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,7
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @5,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,-6
• Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @-3,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @0,-1
• Specify the next coordinat of point 8 as @4,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as@0,8
• Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as @-7,0
• Then for the last point, Click 'Close on the Command Line

Result:

5. Drafting the geometry for P7 using Absolute coordinate system

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 10,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 10,7
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 2,7
• Click Close on the command line
• Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 5,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 5,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 3,5
• Click Close on the command line
• Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the Line command in the command tab
• Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as 6,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as 8,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 11 as 8,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 12 as 6,5
• Then for the last point, Click Close on the Command Line

Result:

6. Drafting the geometry for P8 using Relative Rectangular coordinate system

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 0,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @10,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @-4,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,4
• Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @3,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @0,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as@-8,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as @0,-2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as @3,0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 11 as @0,-4
• Specify the next coordinate of point 12 as @-4,0
• Then for the last point, Click 'Close on the Command Line

Result:

7. Drafting the Geometry for P9 using Absolute coordinate system:

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 6,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 6,3
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 3,3
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 2,2
• Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 2,4
• Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 5,4
• Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as 5,6
• Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as 1,8
• Then for the last point, Click Close on the Command Line

Result:

8. Drafting the Geometry for P10 using Relative Polar coordinate system

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @2<0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @3<90
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @3<0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @4<90
• Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @5<180
• Click 'Close' on the command line
• Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 2,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @3<0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as @2<90
• Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as @3<180
• Then for the last point, Click 'Close on the Command Line

Result:

(B) Draw the profile and the trusses using any coordinate system methods. The dimensions are there for references.

1. Drafting the Wood Profile using Direct Distance Entry Method:

Steps:

• Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'LINE command in the command tab
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 0,0 in the command line
• Enter the length of point 2 as 10 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
• Enter the length of point 3 as 1 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
• Enter the length of point 4 as 2 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis
• Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
• Enter the length of point 6 as 2 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
• Enter the length of point 7 as I in the command line towards the +ve y-axis
• Enter the length of point 7 as 5.831 in the command line at an angle of <149.036 from +ve x-direction while keeping polar tracking on
• Enter the length of point 8 as 5.831 in the command line at the angle of <210.964 from +ve x-direction while keeping polar tracking on
• Enter the length of point 9 as 2 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
• Enter the length of point 10 as 5 in the command line towards the -ve y-axis
• Enter the length of point 11 as 2 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis
• Click Close on the command line
• Select the Circle tool by entering the 'Circle command in the command tab
• Specify center point of the circle as 5,4
• Specify radius of the circle as 2

Result:

2. Drafting the Queen post truss using Relative Polar coordinate system:

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the Line command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @4<90
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @5<45
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @5<315
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @4<270
• Press Esc' to cancel the Line Command
• Select the line tool again from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @1<0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @2.5355<0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @2.5355<0
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @10
• Press Esc to cancel the Line Command
• Select the line tool again from the ribbon tab or by entering the Line command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,5
• Specity the next coordinate of point 2 as @l<90
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @2.7256<338
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @2.7256<22
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @1<270
• Press Esc' to cancel the Line Command
• Select the line tool again from the ribbon tab or by entering the Line command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 4.5,5
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @3.53571<90
• Press esc to cancel the line command

Result:

3. Drafting the Mono Pitch using Absolute coordinate system:

Steps:

• Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.
• Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 7,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 7,3
• Click 'Close' on the command line
• Select the line tool again from the ribbon tab or by entering the Line command in the command tab.
• Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 3,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,1.667
• Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 5,1
• Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 5,2.333
• Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 7,1
• Press Esc' to cancel the Line command.

Result: