Creation of geometries by Coordinate system methods using AutoCad

• AIM:

1. Create the geometries from P1 to P8 using all the coordinate system methods. And we need to use the line tool, and find the missing dimensions .
2. Civil related problems- Draw the profile and trusses using any coordinate system methods. The dimensions of the drawings have been provided for the reference.

• INTRODUCTION

Before going to the drawing we should know about the coordinate system. The details of which have been provided as under:

In autocad there are two coordinate systems:

1. Caretesian Coordinate System
2. Polar Coordinate System

To these coordinate systems the absolute and relative coordinates of the Autocad as are applicable.

Also coordinates in Autocad can be set by mouse, input (setting) the values of coordinates in the comand line and enter dynamic input.

Accordingly, on this basis there are three types of coordinate systems:

1. Absolute Coodinate System : In this system all points are established at some distance in the x and y-axis (sometimes z-axis) from a common origin (usually 0,0).
2. Relative Coordinate System: The location of a relative coordinate is defined by its distance from a reference point. In AutoCAD, when using this system the first point of the drawing/geometry is always absolute, i.e., it is established with respect to origin (0.0) and then all the sucessive positions are established with respect to their preceding point. The system is further classified as follows:
   1. Relative Rectangular Coordinates: It is a coordinte system that specifies each point by a pair of numerical coordinates in the x-axis and y-axis. In this system the points succeeding the first point are typed in as "@xy" in the command line.
   2. Relative Polar Coordinates: This system specifies the distance (length) and angle of a particular point with respect to its previous point. In relative polar coordinate system, points are established by typing @distance
3. Direct Distance Entry: In this system the points are drawn by entering the distance distance entry in the command line.

Commands Used:

1. Line Command
2. Dimlinear Command
3. Text Command
4. Circle Command

• PROCEDURE

1. Create the geometries from P1 to P2 using all the coordinates systems methods. And we need to use line tool, and find the missing dimensions.

P1 Drawing:

a} Absolute Coordinate System

Procedure:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Now, enter the first point as (2,1).
3. Next, The command shall ask to enter the next point.
4. Specify the next point as (8,1)
5. Specify the next point as (8,2)
6. Specify the next point as (3,2)
7. Specify the next point as (3,6)
8. Specify the next point as (8,6)
9. Specify the next point as (8,7)
10. Specify the next point as (2,7)
11. Specify the next point as (2,1); or else click "c-close" in the command prompt

b} Relative Rectangular System

Procedure

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Now, enter the first point as (2,1) in the command line.
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @6,0 in the command line.
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,1 in the command line.
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @-5,0 in the command line.
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,4 in the command line.
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @5,0 in the command line.
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @0,1 in the command line.
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @-6,0 in the command line.
10. Click "close" on the command line.

c} Relative Polar Coordinate System

Procedure

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as (2,1) in the command line.
3. Specify the coordinate of point 2 as @6<0 in the command line.
4. Specify the coordinate of point 3 as @1<90 in the command line.
5. Specify the coordinate of point 4 as @5<180 in the command line.
6. Specify the coordinate of point 5 as @4<90 in the command line.
7. Specify the coordinate of point 6 as @5<0 in the command line.
8. Specify the coordinate of point 7 as @1<90 in the command line.
9. Specify the coordinate of point 8 as @6<180 in the command line.
10. Click "close" on the command line.

c} Direct Distance Entry System

Procedure

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as (2,1) in the command line.
3. Enter the length of point 2 as 6 in the command line towards +ve x-axis.
4. Enter the length of point 3 as 1 in the command line towards +ve y-axis.
5. Enter the length of point 4 as 5 in the command line towards -ve x-axis.
6. Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards +ve y-axis.
7. Enter the length of point 6 as 5 in the command line towards +ve y-axis.
8. Enter the length of point 7 as 1 in the command line towards +ve y-axis.
9. Enter the length of point 8 as 6 in the command line towards -ve x-axis.
10. Click "close" on the command line.

P2 Drawing:

a} Absolute Coordinate System

Procedure:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Now, enter the first point as (2,1).
3. Next, The command shall ask to enter the next point.
4. Specify the next point as (5,1)
5. Specify the next point as (5,5)
6. Specify the next point as (6,5)
7. Specify the next point as (6,1)
8. Specify the next point as (9,1)
9. Specify the next point as (7,8)
10. Specify the next point as (4,8)
11. Specify the next point as (2,1); or else click "c-close" in the command prompt

b} Relative Rectangular System

Procedure

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Now, enter the first point as (2,1) in the command line.
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @3,0 in the command line.
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,4 in the command line.
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @1,0 in the command line.
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,-4 in the command line.
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @3,0 in the command line.
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @-2,7 in the command line.
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @-3,0 in the command line.
10. Click "close" on the command line.

c} Relative Polar Coordinate System

Procedure

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as (2,1) in the command line.
3. Specify the coordinate of point 2 as @3<0 in the command line.
4. Specify the coordinate of point 3 as @4<90 in the command line.
5. Specify the coordinate of point 4 as @1<0 in the command line.
6. Specify the coordinate of point 5 as @4<270 in the command line.
7. Specify the coordinate of point 6 as @3<0 in the command line.
8. Specify the coordinate of point 7 as @1<106 in the command line.
9. Specify the coordinate of point 8 as @3<180 in the command line.
10. Click "close" on the command line.

c} Direct Distance Entry System

Procedure

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as (2,1) in the command line.
3. Enter the length of point 2 as 3 in the command line towards +ve x-axis.
4. Enter the length of point 3 as 4 in the command line towards +ve y-axis.
5. Enter the length of point 4 as 1 in the command line towards -ve x-axis.
6. Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards -ve y-axis.
7. Enter the length of point 6 as 3 in the command line towards +ve x-axis.
8. Enter the length of point 7 as 7 in the command line at an angle of <106 in the command line towards +ve x-axis.
9. Enter the length of point 8 as 3 in the command line towards -ve x-axis.
10. Click "close" on the command line.

Create the geometries from P4 to P10 using any coordinate system

P4 Drawing:

Absolute Coordinate System

Procedure:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Now, enter the first point as (2,1).
3. Next, The command shall ask to enter the next point.
4. Specify the next point as (3,1)
5. Specify the next point as (3,5)
6. Specify the next point as (5,3)
7. Specify the next point as (7,5)
8. Specify the next point as (7,1)
9. Specify the next point as (3,1)
10. Specify the next point as (8,8)
11. Specify the next point as (7,8)
12. Specify the next point as (7,8)
13. Specify the next point as (5,5)
14. Specify the next point as (3,8)
15. Specify the next point as (2,8)
16. Click "Close" on the command line.
17. Specify the next point as (2,1); or else click "c-close" in the command prompt

P5 Drawing:

Rectangular Coordinate System

Procedure:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Specify the starting coordinate of the point 1 as 2,1 in the command line.
3. Specify the coordinate of the point 2 as @1,0 in the command line.
4. Specify the coordinate of the point 3 as @0,7 in the command line.
5. Specify the coordinate of the point 4 as @5,0 in the command line.
6. Specify the coordinate of the point 5 as @0,-6 in the command line.
7. Specify the coordinate of the point 6 as @-3,0 in the command line.
8. Specify the coordinate of the point 7 as @0,-1 in the command line.
9. Specify the coordinate of the point 8 as @4,0 in the command line.
10. Specify the coordinate of the point 9 as @0,8 in the command line.
11. Specify the coordinate of the point 10 as @-7,0 in the command line.
12. Click "close" on the command line.

P7 Drawing:

Absolute Coordinate System

Procedure:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Now, enter the first point as (2,1).
3. Next, The command shall ask to enter the next point.
4. Specify the next point as (10,1)
5. Specify the next point as (10,7)
6. Specify the next point as (2,7)
7. Click "Close" on the Command line.
8. Select the line tool by entering "Line" command in the command tab.
9. Specify the next point as (3,2)
10. Specify the next point as (5,2)
11. Specify the next point as (5,5)
12. Specify the next point as (3,5)
13. Click "Close" on the Command line.
14. Select the line tool by entering "Line" command in the command tab.
15. Specify the next point as (6,2)
16. Specify the next point as (8,2)
17. Specify the next point as (8,5)
18. Specify the next point as (6,5)
19. Click "Close" on the command line.

P8 Drawing:

Rectangular Coordinate System

Procedure:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Specify the starting coordinate of the point 1 as 0,0 in the command line.
3. Specify the coordinate of the point 2 as @10,0 in the command line.
4. Specify the coordinate of the point 3 as @0,2 in the command line.
5. Specify the coordinate of the point 4 as @-4,0 in the command line.
6. Specify the coordinate of the point 5 as @0,4 in the command line.
7. Specify the coordinate of the point 6 as @3,0 in the command line.
8. Specify the coordinate of the point 7 as @0,2 in the command line.
9. Specify the coordinate of the point 8 as @-8,0 in the command line.
10. Specify the coordinate of the point 9 as @0,-2 in the command line.
11. Specify the coordinate of the point 10 as @3,0 in the command line.
12. Specify the coordinate of the point 11 as @0,-4 in the command line.
13. Specify the coordinate of the point 10 as @-4,0 in the command line.
14. Click "close" on the command line.

P9 Drawing:

Absolute Coordinate System

Procedure:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab/write line in the command box, it will show "specify the first point"
2. Now, enter the first point as (1,1).
3. Next, The command shall ask to enter the next point.
4. Specify the next point as (6,1)
5. Specify the next point as (6,3)
6. Specify the next point as (3,3)
7. Specify the next point as (3,2)
8. Specify the next point as (2,2)
9. Specify the next point as (2,4)
10. Specify the next point as (3,4)
11. Specify the next point as (5,6)
12. Specify the next point as (1,8)
13. Click "Close" on the command line.

P10 Drawing:

Relative Polar Coordinate System

Procedure

1. Select the line tool by entering "Line" command in the command tab
2. Specify the starting coordinate of the point 1 as 1,1 in the command line.
3. Specify the coordinate of the point 2 as @2<0 in the command line.
4. Specify the coordinate of the point 3 as @3<90 in the command line.
5. Specify the coordinate of the point 4 as @3<0 in the command line.
6. Specify the coordinate of the point 5 as @4<90 in the command line.
7. Specify the coordinate of the point 6 as @5<180 in the command line.
8. Specify the coordinate of the point 7 as @7<270 in the command line.
9. Click "Close" on the command line.
10. Specify the line tool by entering "Line" command in the command tab.
11. Specify the coordinate of the point 8 as @3<0 in the command line.
12. Specify the coordinate of the point 9 as @2<90 in the command line.
13. Specify the coordinate of the point 10 as @3<180 in the command line.
14. Click "Close" on the command line.

B. Civil related problem: Draw the profile and trusses using any coordinate system methods. The Dimenisons have been provided for the reference

• Now we draw the given diagrams using Absolute Coordinate System

Profile Wood:

Procedure

1. Select the line tool by entering "Line" command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of the point 1 as 0,0 in the command line.
3. Enter the length of point 2 as 10 in the command line towards +ve x-axis.
4. Enter the length of point 3 as 1 in the command line towards +ve y-axis.
5. Enter the length of point 4 as 2 in the command line towards -ve x-axis
6. Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards +ve y-axis
7. Enter the length of point 6 as 2 in the command line towards +ve x-axis
8. Enter the length of point 7 as 5.831 in the command line towards -ve x-axis while keeping the polar tracking on.
9. Enter the length of point 9 as 2 in the command line towards +ve x-axis
10. Enter the length of point 10 as 5 in the command line towards -ve y-axis
11. Enter the length of point 11 as 2 in the command line towards +ve x-axis
12. Click "Close" on the command line.
13. Select the circle tool by entering "Circle" command in the command tab.
14. Specify center of the circle as 5,4.
15. Specify radius of the circle as 2.

Queen Post Truss:

Procedure:

1. Select the Line tool by entering "Line" command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1 in the command line.
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @4,0 in the command line.
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @3.563,3.536 in the command line.
5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @3.536,3.536 in the command line.
6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,-4 in the command line.
7. Press "esc" to cancel the line command.
8. Select the line tool again by entering the "Line" command in the command tab.
9. Join the points 2 and 4.
10. Press "esc" to cancel the line command.
11. Select the line tool again by entering the "Line" command in the command tab.
12. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @4.536,5 in the command line.
13. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @-2.536,1 in the command line.
14. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @0,1 in the command line.
15. Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as @2.536,1 in the command line.
16. Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as @0,1 in the command line.
17. Press "esc" to cancel the line command.
18. Select the line tool again by entering the "Line" command in the command tab.
19. Join the points 3 and 6.
20. Press "esc" to cancel the line command.

Mono Slab:

Procedure

1. Select the line tool by entering the "Line" command in the command tab.
2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1 in the command line.
3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 7,1 in the command line.
4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 7,3 in the command line.
5. Click "close" on the command line.
6. Select the line tool by entering the "Line" command in the command tab.
7. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 3,1 in the command line.
8. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,1.667 in the command line.
9. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 5,1 in the command line.
10. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 5,2.333 in the command line.
11. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 7,1 in the command line.
12. Press "Esc" to cancel the line command.

• Result

1. The geometries are clearly mentioned in all the drawings. And the missing dimensions have also been written
2. Using all the coordinate systems all the drawings are clearly drawn from P1 to P8 drawings.
3. The profile and trusses are drawn by using the Absolute Coordinate system method.