Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

1. Creating a 3D-Elevation of a Room Plan with Pre-defined Dimensions and Two Window Designs on Two Faces of the room.

STEPWISE PROCEDURE:

• Create the plan view of the room with a standard room size

1. Use the "Rectangle" command and select the dimensions option to give them out to out length and breadth of the room as 10'-9".
2. Explode the rectangle and use the offset command to draw a 9" thick wall on two sides of the room.
3. Again use the rectangle command to place windows as per the geometry of the room.
4. Use dimension to notify the room size in relation to the window placement.

• Draw the overall 3d layout of the room

1. Invoke the view cube and click on the home icon to go into the 3d workspace.
2. Make a region out of the room by using the "region" command.
3. Then, invoke the extrude command and select the region to extrude.
4. Put the total floor height to extrude as 10'.
5. Precisely place the windows into the 3d model by using move and copy commands.
6. After locating the windows accurately on both walls, subtract the opening by using the subtract command.

• Design the window frame for both walls.

1. Enter "UCS" in the command line and set the UCS onto the window frame.
2. Create a rectangular frame of the same size as that of the window.
3. Give the internal offsets of 3 and four inches in steps to complete the design.

• Shade the model and color the faces

1. Click on the Home icon to return to the 3d workspace.
2. Enter UCS in the command line and select the world option to bring the UCS back to its original position.
3. Use the "SOLIDEDIT" command then "F" then "L" to color the faces with different coloring options and finalize the model.

2. Creating the 3D Model of a Building Facade with Four Floors and Pre-defined Elevation height. Also, Design the Window Frame and Allot all the Windows Precisely into the 3D Facade.

STEPWISE PROCEDURE:

• Draw the Face Top view in the 2d-wireframe

1. Use the "RECTANGLE" command and use the dimensions option to input its length and breadth as 10'-9" and 6'-9" respectively.
2. Explode the rectangle and create the 9 inch thick external walls on three visible sides of the facade.
3. Draw a 3' wide window and locate it in the center of the front wall.
4. Use the dimension tool to explain the plan with window placement.

• Design the Window elevation

1. Draw a rectangle of size 3' x 4'.
2. Take an offset of 2 inches to create another rectangle within the rectangle.
3. Divide the internal rectangle into two parts.
4. Take an offset of 3 inches from the first division.
5. Make the mirror image and create another rectangle inside the second division.
6. Give dimensions to explain the design.

• Create the front elevation of the building facade

1. Use the line command to create the elevation at ground level.
2. Take the "OFFSET" command and start creating each floor level as per the building height.
3. Use the "COPY" command to locate the previously designed window on each floor.
4. Use rectangle command to create the Architectural ornament at the terrace.

• Design the 3d model of the facade

1. Click on the home icon from the view cube to go into the 3d modeling workspace.
2. Invoke the "ROTATE3D" command and select the 2d elevation.
3. Specify the rotation axis and give the rotation angle of 90 degrees.
4. Create the region from the rotated front elevation.
5. Invoke the extrude command and give the suitable length to transform the model into the 3d facade.
6. Use "SOLIDEDIT>F>>L" to color the facade and choose the appropriate coloring options.
7. Use the hatch command to give a different look to the windows in 3d.

3. Creating a 3D Model of the Typical Staircase often Adopted in the R.C.C Buildings.

STEPWISE PROCEDURE:

• Create the top view plan of the staircase

1. Create a rectangle of the size 12' x 6'.
2. Create a landing 3 feet long from the top face and locate the first riser.
3. Use the tread of length 1' and create 10 treads using the offset command and complete the plan.

• Draw the side elevation for the staircase

1. Create the riser of 6" height and attach the same with the tread of 1' length.
2. Make ten copies of the same riser and tread one above the other.
3. Create the landing as specified in the plan.
4. Create the waist slab of 6" thickness by using the line and offset commands.
5. Create a railing of 3'-2" height and attach the same with the handrail.

• Create the 3d isometric view of the staircase

1. Click on the HOME icon within the view cube to go into the 3d modeling workspace.
2. Create a region from the staircase side elevation.
3. Use the "ROTATE3D" command and specify the rotation axis along with the trad position.
4. After rotating the staircase elevation and specify the extrusion length as 6' that is equal to the width of the landing.

• Create the 3d railing and color the staircase surface to make it look distinct

1. Create a vertical line along the XZ plane of height 3'-2".
2. Create a circle anywhere in the workspace of a suitable diameter.
3. Use the sweep command and extract the circle into the circular handrail.
4. Copy the same in the full flight and on the landing as well.
5. Use the mirror command to create the same railing along the other side of the staircase.
6. Now, use the solidedit tool to color the staircase surface to make it look distinct.

4. Creating the 3D Model of a Spread Footing Section with a Door Opening Midway along the Wall Section. Also generating the rendered view of the final drawing.

STEPWISE PROCEDURE:

• Create the plan of spread footing section

1. Use the line and offset commands to prepare the top view layout of the footing with the wall in the central portion.
2. Create a door opening in the middle portion of the section within the wall thickness.
3. Use the hatch command to differentiate between the footing and wall section.
4. Give dimensions to explain the entire figure.

• Create the sectional elevation of the footing

1. Use the industry-standard P.C.C bed size and footing dimensions to complete the substructure section.
2. Create a floor of heigh 3300mm with the wall previously planned in the top view.
3. Give 150mm slab thickness and design a parapet wall over it.
4. Create the door opening section inside the wall.
5. Place the roof over the door with 150mm concrete thickness.
6. Hatch the section as per the masonry and concrete bed.
7. Use dimensions to explain the section.

• Create the 3D isometric view of the footing section

1. Click on the HOME icon located near the view cube to go into the 3d modeling workspace.
2. Create the region out of the footing section.
3. Use the rotate3d command and select the sectional view to rotate.
4. Specify the rotation axis and give the rotation angle as 90.
5. Use the extrude command to extrude the section up to the length as mentioned in the plan.
6. Type in hide in the command line and generate the 3d isometric.
7. Also, type shade to view the shaded version of the drawing.

• Assign the material properties to the 3d model

1. Type in "RMAT" in the command line, a dialogue box with all the material listings will be displayed.
2. Choose the materials from the given list according to the structure that is footing, wall, door, etc., and bring them into the upper column.
3. Select the faces in the model one by one and assign them the material as per the property.

• Create the lighting effect and generate the rendered view of the 3d model

1. Using the circle and extrude command, create a light pole of 5000mm height near the section.
2. Go to visualization and click on the create light option.
3. Choose the spotlight and place it over the pole created near the section.
4. Direct the trajectory of the spotlight falling onto the object.
5. Set up all the settings within the light that is falloff angle, highlight angle, intensity factor, lamp value, etc.
6. Type in "RR" into the command panel to generate the 3d rendered view of the section.