Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

1) AIM:

TO DRAW THE 3D ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE BUILDING AS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE

INTRODUCTION:

A plan perspective is a drawing of a plan but shown in perspective. This is more of a design drawing meant to show what the space is going to look like and less how the space will be built.An Elevation is drawn from a vertical plane looking straight on to a building facade or interior surface. This is as if you directly in front of a building and looked straight at it. Elevations are a common design drawing and technical architectural or engineering convention for graphic representation of architecture. Elevation drawings are orthographic projections.

PROCEDURE:

Open AutoCAD

In the startup setting click on new and then select imperial

Select the units as Engineering and then in insertion scale Inches and precision 0'-0"

Open grid and snap settings

Change the workspace settings of AutoCAD from drafting and annotation to 3D modelling

STEP 1:

CREATING LAYERS

Open layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on layer and select new layer to create new layer

Layers are created as follows

STEP 2:

CREATING 2D PLAN VIEW

Create a rectangle of dimensions 10'-9" x 10'-9" at any point on the screen

Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 9" as wall thickness

Type TRIM and delete the extra lines

Change the current layer 3D WINDOW FRAME

Create the window opening of dimensions 3' wide in the top and 3'-2" on the right as in the drawing

Type DIMSTY and change the settings to Engineering and precision 0'-0.0"

Type DIMLIN and add dimensions using the dimension layer

STEP 3

CREATING A 3D VIEW

Change the view to 3D by clicking on home button of view cube

Set UCS as world

Set the view style control as REALISTIC

Create the boundries for the walls using BO command

Extrude the boundaries created to total height of 10'-10"

Select all the wall and use group command to group them together

Draw rectangles at both windows and change them to boundaries using boundaries using boundary command

Extrude both rectangles drawn to height 3'-4" as shown in the drawing

Draw rectangles at top of both window openings and change them to boundary using boundary command

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3' wide window

Draw a rectangle from bottom part of window part of window with dimensions @3',4'

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3' wide window

Draw a rectangle from bottom part of window part of window with dimensions @3'-2",4'

STEP 4:

CREATING ELEVATION A

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW FRAME

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3' wide window

Draw a rectangle of dimension @3',4'

Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 3"

Offset the offset rectangle to inside to distance 4"

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

Click inside the window frame area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

Select the bigger region and then the smaller region to subtract

Follow the same for all three boxes

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW MULION

Start the boundary command and click on pickup points

Click inside the window mulion area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

Select the bigger region and then the smaller region to subtract

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW MULION

Start the boundary command and click on pickup points

Click inside the window glass area and press enter

All the layers are extruded to give window projection look as in the drawing

CREATING ELEVATION B

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW FRAME

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3'-2" wide window

Draw a rectangle of dimension @3',4'

Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 3"

Offset the offset rectangle to inside to distance 4"

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

Click inside the window frame area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

Select the bigger region and then the smaller region to subtract

Follow the same for all three boxes

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW MULION

Start the boundary command and click on pickup points

Click inside the window mulion area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

Select the bigger region and then the smaller region to subtract

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW MULION

Start the boundary command and click on pickup points

Click inside the window glass area and press enter

All the layers are extruded to give window projection look as in the drawing

RESULT:

TOP VIEW

SW ISOMETRIC

NE ISOMETRIC

WINDOWS

2) AIM:

To draw the 3D building facade as given in the plan and elevation

INTRODUCTION:

Plan view mostly referred to Civil Engineering Drawing and it is Top view and if its external appearance.Some drawings mention the sectional detail viewing from top at different levels such as Ground plan, First floor plan, Second floor plan and so on. A plan drawing is a drawing on a horizontal plane showing a view from above. An Elevation drawing is drawn on a vertical plane showing a vertical depiction.

PROCEDURE:

Open AutoCAD

In the startup setting click on new and then select imperial

Select the units as Engineering and then in insertion scale Inches and precision 0'-0"

Open grid and snap settings

Change the workspace settings of AutoCAD from drafting and annotation to 3D modelling

STEP 1:

CREATING LAYERS

Open layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on layer and select new layer to create new layer

Layers are created as follows

STEP 2:

CREATING 2D PLAN VIEW

Create a rectangle of dimensions 6'-9" x 10'-9" at any point on the screen

Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 9" as wall thickness

Type TRIM and delete the extra lines

Change the current layer 3D WINDOW FRAME

Create the window opening of dimensions 3' wide as in the drawing

Type DIMSTY and change the settings to Engineering and precision 0'-0.0"

Type DIMLIN and add dimensions using the dimension layer

STEP 3

CREATING A 3D VIEW

Change the view to 3D by clicking on home button of view cube

Set UCS as world

Set the view style control as REALISTIC

Create the boundries for the walls using BO command

Extrude the boundaries created to total height of 10'-10"

Select all the wall and use group command to group them together

Delete the window lines

Create a boundary region over the window lines

Extrude the boundary to a height of 4'-6"

Draw a rectangle on top of te window opening using rectangle command

Change the recatngle into a region

Extrude the region to distance of 1'-3" to below and then window opening is created referring the drawing

STEP 4:

CREATING ELEVATION WINDOWS 4' WIDE WINDOW

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW FRAME

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3' wide window

Draw a rectangle of dimension @3',4'

Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 2"

Offset the offset rectangle to inside to distance 3"

Draw center line connecting midpoints

Offset the lines to both sides to a distance of 3"

Type TRIM and remove the extra lines

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

Click inside the window frame area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

Select the bigger region and then the smaller region to subtract

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW MULION

Start the boundary command and click on pickup points

Click inside the window mulion area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

Select the bigger region and then the smaller region to subtract

Change the current layer to 3D WINDOW MULION

Start the boundary command and click on pickup points

Click inside the window glass area and press enter

All the layers are extruded to give window projection look as in the drawing

STEP 5:

CREATING ELEVATION VIEW

The windows created in step 4 are placed at its positions as in the darwing

Group all the items to create the elevation view

Copy the block having height 4' window and place it 3 times as shown in the drawing

Create the top part of the drawing using 4" wall with height 6'-5" from top

Create a boundary for the wall

Extrude the boundary to 9" referring the drawing

RESULT:

SW ISOMETRIC

TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW

WINDOWS

3.AIM:

TO DRAW A 3D VIEW OF A STAIR WITH RAILING AS IN THE DRAWING IN PLAN AND ELEVATION:

INTRODUCTION:

A plan perspective is a drawing of a plan but shown in perspective. This is more of a design drawing meant to show what the space is going to look like and less how the space will be built.An Elevation is drawn from a vertical plane looking straight on to a building facade or interior surface. This is as if you directly in front of a building and looked straight at it. Elevations are a common design drawing and technical architectural or engineering convention for graphic representation of architecture. Elevation drawings are orthographic projections.

PROCEDURE:

Open AutoCAD

In the startup setting click on new and then select imperial

Select the units as Engineering and then in insertion scale Inches and precision 0'-0"

Open grid and snap settings

Change the workspace settings of AutoCAD from drafting and annotation to 3D modelling

STEP 1:

CREATING LAYERS

Open layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on layer and select new layer to create new layer

Layers are created as follows

STEP 2:

CREATING 2D PLAN VIEW OF STAIRCASE:

Change the current layer

Create a rectangle of dimensions 3' x 12' at any point on the screen

Offset the side edge of rectangle to inside to distance of 1"

Offset the bottom edge to upside 12 times to a adistance of 1'

STEP 3:

CREATING SIDE VIEW

Change the view to 3d by clicking on home buttom of view cube and change the view to the right view

Set UCS as right

Star line command and draw a verticle line of length 6"

Draw a horizontal line of length 1'

Repeat the same process for 12 times to draw 12 steps

After reacghing 12 steps draw a landing of length of 3'

Draw a line of 1' at the bottom step

Draw a line of 6" at top right edge of landing

Draw a line 1'-6" backwards

Draw a slab joining the lines

STEP 4:

CREATING A 3D VIEW

Change the view to 3D by clicking on home button of view cube

Set UCS as world

Set the view style control as REALISTIC

Create the region from the side view of the stairs

Extrude the side view to a distance of 3' as refering to the drawing

Change the current layer to Stair handrails stand

Draw a handrail stand at the bottom with dimension 2" and extrude as shown

Using copy command copy all the hand rail compartments on stairs

Copy on the other side

Join the railing and pull up to 1"

RESULT:

TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW

SW ISOMETRIC

RIGHT SIDE VIEW

4. AIM:

Create the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing . Create the Door opening only. Assume the size of the parpaet and the coping.

PROCEDURE:

Open AutoCAD

In the startup setting click on new and then select imperial

Select the units as Decimal and then in insertion scale millimeter and precision 0

Open grid and snap settings

Change the workspace settings of AutoCAD from drafting and annotation to 3D modelling

STEP 1:

CREATING LAYERS

Open layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on layer and select new layer to create new layer

Layers are created as follows

STEP 2:

CREATING 2D PLAN VIEW

Create a rectangle of dimensions 670 x 7500 at any point on the screen

Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 120 mm

Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 50 mm twice

Explode all the offset rectangle

Type TRIM and delete the extra lines

At the end select the individual lines and change their respective layers

Type DIMSTY and change the settings

Type DIMLIN and add dimensions using the dimension layer

Creating door block

Draw a rectangle of dimension 50 x 100 mm

Draw another rectangle with dimensions of 50 x 50 mm

Draw a line of length 850 mm from the edge

Draw an arc line of the door swing

Convert the door into block

Edit the block and add flip parameters

Add the door to the respective layer

STEP 3

CREATING ELEVATION VIEW

Click on the front view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Change the UCS to front

Change the current layer to GL

Draw a line of certal length

Offset the line to bottom 25 mm

Offset the last offset line bottom to distance of 100 mm

Change the current layer to wall

Draw a recatngle of dimension 230 x 3300 from the top left edge of GL

Change the current layer to roof level

Draw roof of thickness 150 mm

Draw a parapet wall of height 600 mm as shown in the drawing

Footing layers

Draw a rectangle of dimension 230 x 600 below the floor level as shown in the drawing

Draw a rectangle of dimension 330 x 400 below the first floor level as shown in the drawing

Draw a rectangle of dimension 430 x 400 below the second floor level as shown in the drawing

Change the current layer to footing

Draw a rectangle of dimension 670 x 300 below the second floor level as shown in the drawing

Trim the extra lines

Door

Change the current layer to the door

Draw a line along the length of door 230 mm at ground level

Offset distance 50mm below the ground

Offset the line to distance of 2100 to above

Change the current layer to door shade

End result is

STEP 4

DRAWING 3D VIEW OF THE SECTION

For creating the 3D viw intially boundaries are created

Each boundary is created with its respective layer as current layer

STEP 5

Extrude the section at the distance 7500mm

STEP 6

RENDERING

Rendering is done by adding materials in the 3D view

Material browser is used for adding materials to object

Box mapping is done to adjust the texture of the wall