Comparison of bending in beams

Aim:
To do a comparison between three types of beams in terms of stress, displacement, and strain generated during the bending load conditions by doing FEA in SOLIDWORKS

Objective :

• To model three types of beam ( Rectangular beam , I-section beam & C-section beam )
• For the load value of 1500N analyse the deection/bending for the above following beams
• To compare the results of stress, displacement and strain for all the three beam and suggest the best out of the three

Theory:
A beam is a structural component. It normally resists all the loads applied laterally to its axis. The only mode by which it can be deected is bending. Bending is
the behavior of the element when an external load is applied perpendicular to its axis. When the beam is xed with one end and its other end is free then the
beam is known as a cantilever beam. When the load is applied to the face perpendicular to its axis, then bending is experienced by the beam. The bending
depends upon the support, cross section, length and its material. The bending of the beam includes internal stresses, strains, and deections, with the studies
of these parameters a best possible beam cam be determined.

Stress is the amount of internal force per unit area developed in an object subjected to an external force. Stress can be tensile or compressive.

Strain is the change in length over the initial length, it happens when the material deforms when it is subjected to external actions such as loads or temperature change. It is dimensionless.

Displacement is a result of external action, the actions make the material deform. This deformation manifests itself in small movements or displacements of material points. In the case of a beam where the displacement is perpendicular to the structure, it is known as deflection.

A simulation is the re-creation of a real world process in a controlled environment. It uses something called modeling to gure out the result of the simulation.Simulation is based on the process of modelling a real phenomenon with a set of mathematical formulas. It essentially allows the user to observe an operation through simulation without actually performing that operation.

Steps to be followed

creating the model

• To create the 2D sketch of the beams as per the given data;
• To extrude the beams’ 2D sketches as per the given data.

For Analysis

• Select the static study
• Apply the material to the beams
• Selection of xed geometry
• Apply the load
• create Meshing
• Run the study
• Comparison of the results.

Models

Case 1:

Case 2:

Case 3:

material selection:

constaint, load and meshing:

Case 1:

Case 2:

Case 3:

Results :

Case 1:

Case 2:

Case 3:

Conclution:

I – section beam is the best choice among all the beams.