Week 5 Challenge

1) The answer is false because the battery cannot provide more power than an ultracapacitor.

When the driver accelerates rapidly and brakes harshly, the car requires very high power. Due to these conditions, the battery increases the discharge state eventually, affecting the life span of the storm. So to meet this requirement, the battery has to be designed as per these conditions. Hence the battery size and cost also increase.

But, the ultracapacitors have more power density than batteries. It is almost about 10kw/kg. Therefore, it can handle sudden load conditions like acceleration and braking.

Hence ultracapacitors are the best choice to supply the power for the aggressive driver who accelerates and brakes rapidly.

2)

• lead-acid batteries can be used in ic engines vehicles to supply the auxiliary 12v system load and emergency lighting.
• Nickel-cadmium batteries have less cell voltage and a little higher energy density than lead-acid hence they can be used in toys, cars, and calculators.
• Nickel-metal hydride batteries can be used in wide electronic devices because of their high energy density.
• Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and high cell voltage. Lithium is also light in weight, and hence it can be used in battery electric vehicles, laptops, and smartphones.

4) Electrode polarity in the battery:

1. In lithium-ion batteries, both the anode and cathode have lithium. The lithium gets intercalated in both cathode and anode.
2. During discharge, the lithium ions from the negative anode move through the electrolyte to get intercalated into the positive cathode
3. To balance the charge, the electrons move from the anode to the cathode in the external circuit.
4. If all lithium ions are extracted, the structure of the anode becomes reduced.
5. Hence, it leads to the battery's degradation. The electrons flow
6. The electrons flow to balance the charge.
7. The anode is negative during all electrochemical processes, and the cathode is positive.

summary

hence the electrode marked is the negative electrode. the statement is true